Definition of Covalent Bonding



Covalent bonding is a type of bonding that is formed when there is a mutual sharing of electrons between the participating atoms. Such a pair of electrons that is being shared is termed as the shared pair of electrons or the bonding pair. The molecular bond is another name that is given to the covalent bond. The sharing of the electrons makes the participating atoms achieve a stable configuration like that of the noble gases.

 


The elements which have high values of ionization energies are not capable to transfer their valence electrons and those which have low electron affinity are unable to accept the electrons. Consequently, such elements tend to share electrons and form a covalent bond.

 


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