An electrophile is a chemical species that is deficient in electrons. It has a high affinity for electrons. It forms bonds by accepting a pair of electrons from another chemical species that is called a nucleophile which is known to be an electron donor. Due to their nature of accepting electrons, they are called Lewis acids.
They have an atom that has an incomplete octet and most of the electrophiles, hence carry a positive charge. The interaction between an electrophile and a nucleophile is brought by substitution and addition reactions. Examples of electrophiles include cations such as H+, NO+, polarized molecules, carbonyl compounds, etc.
Aromatic heterocycles are also capable of undergoing electrophilic aromatic substitution. For
A Friedel–Crafts alkylation is an electrophilic aromatic substitution in which
A Friedel–Crafts acylation is an electrophilic aromatic substitution in which
For each of the following cases, draw the coupling product that
For each of the following cases, draw the coupling product that
For each of the following cases, draw the coupling product that
The reaction sequence below allows for the preparation of novel liquid crystalline
