Negative externality includes factors that affect negatively third parties other than the producer and consumers. The underlying cause of the negative affect is related to both the production and consumption of products or services.
A very common example, of a negative externality is the pollution caused during the harmful and toxic materials into rivers and the environment that does not affects the producer and the consumer but the environment.
To control the negative externalities the economies use higher taxes. For example, the motor vehicles having higher CO2 emission rates receive a lesser amount of capital allowances as compared to cars that have lower CO2 emissions.
Look at Tables 4.1 and 4.2, which
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