A nucleophile is a chemical species that is sufficient in electrons and has the ability to donate them. It has a low affinity for the electrons and is nucleus loving. It forms bonds by donating a pair of electrons to another chemical species that is called an electrophile which is known to be an electron acceptor. Due to their nature of donating electrons, they are called Lewis bases.
Most of the nucleophiles carry a negative charge or they may have a lone pair of electrons. The interaction between an electrophile and a nucleophile is brought by substitution and addition reactions. Examples of nucleophiles include anions such as Cl-, RS-, NH3 etc.
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If an alkene is protonated and the solvent is an alcohol rather
In the first step of oxymercuration-demercuration, nucleophiles other than
Under acid-catalyzed conditions, epoxides can be opened by a
The following procedure is part of a synthetic strategy for the enantioselective
When ethylene oxide is treated with a strong nucleophile, the epoxide
The following compound has one aldehyde group and two OH groups.
We have seen that the alpha carbon atom of an enamine can
Nitriles undergo alkylation at the α position much like ketones undergo alkylation
When 2 moles of benzaldehyde are treated with sodium hydroxide, a
