Photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) is defined as the amount of light that is available for the process of photosynthesis. The wavelength of the light ranges from 400 to 700 nm. The light radiations are highly dependent on the seasons, latitude, and the time of the day. The rate of photosynthesis is greatest during the mid-days of summers due to high PAR and at nights, the value of PAR is zero.
The shades of trees, cloud covers, and buildings are the hindering factors that reduce the rate of photosynthesis to a great level. Air pollution also reduces the rate by filtering out the amount of light. When PAR is high, the growth of plants is highly promoted.
Predation by one flour beetle species on another can be used as
In chapter 14 we have seen how a herbivorous stream insect controls
How was the amount of food that Gause (1934) provided
How are manipulation of host behavior by spiny-headed worms and
Predation is one of the processes by which one organism exploits another
Ecologists are now challenged to study global ecology. The apparent role
In his experiments on competition between T. confusum and T.
Discuss how mathematical theory, laboratory models, and field experiments have
Explain the roles of food and predators in producing cycles of abundance
What evidence is there that variation in atmospheric CO 2 concentration is
