Definition of Principal Agent Problem



The principal and agent problem arises when the interests of both principal and agent are in conflict. The agents are hired by the principal to act on behalf of the principal for his best interest. In Corporate setup, the principal-agent relationship is very common.

 


Shareholders are the owners and hire a CEO for a company to operate in the best interest of the shareholders. The problem arises when the CEO is not acting as the shareholders want. For example, shareholders want cash dividends instead of a stock dividend, but CEO thinks that cash is required for short-term investments and for working capital investments.

 

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