The river banks and streams are called riparian zones and the plants that grow along the bank of the river are said to be riparian vegetation. The riparian vegetation includes such plants which are hydrophilic. Riparian vegetation plays several roles. Some of them are: such plants hold the soil in place thus preventing the chances of erosion, they help in enhancing the quality of water, they provide food and habitat to several wildlife species.
Moreover, the vegetation covers up the surface of the river and shields the waterbody from extreme temperatures during summers as well as winters. In this way, the water remains slightly cool in summers and moderate during winters. The concentration of oxygen is also more in cool, shaded water which helps the fish to grow well and limits the growth of algae.
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