Definition of Surfactant



A surfactant is one of the forms of substances which acts as a detergent. When any surfactant is added to a liquid, it tends to decrease the surface tension. Consequently, the spreading as well the wetting properties of the liquid are enhanced. The surfactants are widely used in textile as they help the dyes in penetrating deep inside the fabric.

 


Furthermore, the aqueous suspensions of various perfumes and insoluble dyes are being diffused with the help of surfactant molecules. A molecule of surfactant is composed of a water-loving and a water-repelling part. The water-loving part is known as the hydrophilic part whereas the water-repelling is the lipophilic part. The surfactants also act as germicides, fungicides, and insecticides.

 


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