The word sympatric is a biological term which may be defined as when either two closely related species or populations are co-existing in the same geographical region. In this way, both the species and the populations have to encounter each other frequently.
There are four main types of pairs of populations or species that are existing in nature. They are named as sympatric, parapatric, peripatric, and allopatric populations or species. The sympatric speciation is a product of reproductive isolation. This does not allow the reproduction of hybrid offsprings and hence the gene flow is restricted and consequently, the genetic divergence occurs.
