Definition of Yield To Maturity



Yield to maturity or YTM is a rate at which the present value of all cash inflows related to a bond or debt security is exactly equal to the market value of the bond. It is also referred to as the internal rate of return or the IRR of a bond.

 


Example of Yield to Maturity:

A bond that is currently trading at $1,245 has a coupon rate of 20% and will mature in 5 years at par value i.e. $1,000. To find out the YTM you can use the IRR formula in excel. 

Yield to Maturity Calculation

 


The IRR= 13% shows that the present value of all cash flows discounted at 13% will give you the exact market value of the bond equaling $1,245. There is another formula for calculating IRR or YTM that uses NPV of the cash flows at different discount rates.
 

IRR Formula


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