Question: The State of Chiapas, Mexico, decided to

> Define the term capitalized cost and give a real world example of something that might be analyzed using a capitalized cost evaluation technique.

> The Department of Energy is proposing new rules mandating either a 20% increase or a 35% increase in clothes washer efficiency in 3 years. The 20% increase is expected to add $100 to the current price of a washer, while the 35% increase will add $240 to

> A remotely located air sampling station can be powered by solar cells or by running an electric line to the site and using conventional power. Solar cells will cost $12,600 to install and will have a useful life of 4 years with no salvage value. Annual c

> You and your partner have become very interested in cross-country motorcycle racing and wish to purchase entry-level equipment. You have identified two alternative sets of equipment and gear. Package K has a first cost of $160,000, an operating cost of

> Compare the alternatives C and D on the basis of a present worth analysis using an interest rate of 10% per year and a study period of 10 years.

> (a) What is the difference between a service alternative and revenue alternative? (b) What is another name of a service alternative?

> NASA is considering two materials for use in a space vehicle tracking station in Australia. The estimates are shown below. Which should be selected on an economic basis of present worth values at an interest rate of 10% per year?

> An electric switch manufacturing company is trying to decide between three different assembly methods. Method A has an estimated first cost of $40,000, an annual operating cost (AOC) of $9000, and a service life of 2 years. Method B will cost $80,000 to

> Dexcon Technologies, Inc. is evaluating two alternatives to produce its new plastic filament with tribological (i.e., low friction) properties for creating custom bearings for 3-D printers. The estimates associated with each alternative are shown below.

> Two methods can be used to produce expansion anchors. Method A costs $80,000 initially and will have a $15,000 salvage value after 3 years. The operating cost with this method will be $30,000 in year 1, increasing by $4000 each year. Method B will have a

> The Owner of Blue Bayou Café usually pays his appliance (refrigerators, dish washers, and freezers) maintenance contract by the year. If he projects the annual costs shown, find the equivalent A value for years 1 through 5.

> For the cash flows shown, determine the future worth in year 5.

> Oil from a specific type of marine microalgae can be converted into biodiesel that may serve as an alternate transportable fuel for automobiles and trucks. If lined ponds are used to grow the algae, the construction cost is $13 million and the M&O cost i

> Brady and Sons uses accounts receivable as collateral to borrow money for operations and payroll when revenues are low. If the company borrows $300,000 now at an interest rate of 12% per year, compounded monthly, and the rate increases to 15% per year, c

> How much money can a production company that makes fluidized bed scrubbers spend now instead of spending $150,000 in year 5 if the interest rates are estimated to be 10% per year in years 1 to 3 and 12% per year in years 4 and 5?

> A very optimistic hedge fund investor expects his single-deposit investment to triple in value in 5 years. (a) What is the required effective monthly rate, compounded continuously? (b) What is the corresponding effective annual rate needed?

> How long will it take for a lump-sum investment to double in value at an interest rate of 1.5% per month, compounded continuously? Solve by (a) formula and (b) spreadsheet function.

> A Texas chemical company had to file for bankruptcy because of a nationwide phaseout of methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE). The company is in the planning phase of reorganizing and expects to invest $50 million in a new ethanol production facility. Deter

> An environmental engineer wants to evaluate three different methods for disposing of a non-hazardous chemical waste: land application, fluidized-bed incineration, and private disposal contract. Use the estimates below to help him determine which has the

> Because of a chronic water shortage in California, new athletic fields must use artificial turf or xeriscape landscaping. If the value of the water saved each month is $6000, how much can a private developer afford to spend now on artificial turf provide

> Corrosion problems and manufacturing defects rendered a gasoline pipeline between El Paso, TX, and Phoenix, AZ, subject to longitudinal weld seam failures. The pressure was reduced to 80% of the design value. If the reduced pressure resulted in delivery

> What nominal rate per quarter is equivalent to an effective rate of 12.7% per year, compounded continuously?

> What effective interest rate per 6 months is equal to a nominal 2% per month, compounded continuously?

> What effective interest rate per year, compounded continuously, is equivalent to a nominal rate of 10% per year? Solve by formula and spreadsheet function.

> An engineer deposited her annual bonus of $10,000 into an account that pays interest at 8% per year, compounded semiannually. If she withdrew $1000 in months 2, 11, and 23, what was the total value of the account at the end of 3 years? Assume no interper

> Western Refining purchased a model MTVS peristaltic pump for injecting antiscalant at its nanofiltration water conditioning plant. The cost of the pump was $1200. If the chemical cost is $11 per day, determine the equivalent cost per month (pump plus che

> How much would your parents have to deposit each month into an account that grows at a rate of 12% per year, compounded semiannually, if they want to have $80,000 at the end of year 3 to cover part of your college expenses? Assume no interperiod compound

> Income from recycling the paper and cardboard generated in an office building has averaged $3000 per month for the past 3 years. What is the income stream’s equivalent worth now at an interest rate of 8% per year, compounded quarterly?

> Beginning 1 month from now, Thaxton Mechanical Products will set aside $1500 per month for possibly replacing its corrosion-resistant diaphragm pumps whenever it becomes necessary. The replacement isn’t needed for 3 years. How much will the company have

> Parker Hannifin of Cleveland, Ohio manufactures CNG fuel dispensers. It needs replacement equipment to streamline one of its production lines for a new contract, but plans to sell the equipment at or before its expected life is reached at an estimated ma

> In an effort to save money for early retirement, an environmental engineering colleague plans to deposit $1200 per month, starting 1 month from now, into a fixed rate account that pays 8% per year, compounded semiannually. How much will be in the account

> A software package created by Navarro & Associates can be used for analyzing and designing three-sided guyed towers and three- and four-sided self-supporting towers. A single-user license will cost $4000 per year. A site license has a one-time cost of $1

> Leonard, a company that manufactures explosion proof motors, is considering two alternatives for expanding its international export capacity. Option 1 requires equipment purchases of $900,000 now and $560,000 two years from now, with annual M&O costs of

> Frontier Airlines hedged the cost of jet fuel by purchasing options that allowed the airline to buy fuel at a fixed price for 2 years. The savings in fuel costs were $140,000 in month 1, $141,400 in month 2, and amounts increasing by 1% per month through

> Fieldsaver Technologies, a manufacturer of precision laboratory equipment, borrowed $2 million to renovate one of its testing labs. The loan was repaid in 2 years through quarterly payments that increased by $50,000 each time. At an interest rate of 12%

> Metalfab Pump and Filter, Inc. estimates that the cost of steel bodies for pressure valves will increase by $2 every 3 months. If the cost for the first quarter is expected to be $80, what is the present worth of the costs for a 3-year time period at an

> McMillan Company manufactures electronic flow sensors that are designed as an alternative to balland- tube rotometers. The company recently spent $3 million to increase the capacity of an existing production line. If the extra revenue generated by the ex

> Thermal Systems, a company that specializes in odor control for wastewater treatment plants, made deposits of $100,000 now and $25,000 every 6 months for 2 years. Determine the future worth after 2 years of the deposits for i = 16% per year, compounded q

> Assume you are considering the consolidation of all your electronic services with one company. By purchasing a digital phone from AT&T wireless, you can buy wireless e-mail and fax services for $6.99 per month. For $14.99 per month, you will get unlimite

> In 2016, Google rented 1000 acres of a historic California airbase in the San Francisco Bay Area for $1.16 billion via a 60-year lease. Annual M&O is expected to be $6.3 million. In addition, Google will refurbish three hangars at a cost of $2.6 million

> How much must you deposit each year into your retirement account starting now and continuing through year 9, if you want to be able to withdraw $80,000 per year forever, beginning 30 years from now? Assume the account earns interest at (a) the generous r

> White Oaks Properties builds strip shopping centers and small malls. The company plans to replace its refrigeration, cooking, and HVAC equipment with newer models in one entire center built 9 years ago. The original purchase price of the equipment was $6

> As discussed in Section 6.2, either of the following two equations can be applied to determine the amount necessary to recover invested capital and a required return: CR1 = −P(A∕P,i,n) + S(A∕F,i,n) or CR2 = −[(P – S)(A/P,i,n) + S(i)] For an alternative

> A manufacturing software engineer at a major aerospace corporation has been assigned the management responsibility of a project to design, build, test, and implement AREMSS, a new-generation automated scheduling system for routine and expedited maintenan

> An international aerospace contractor has been asked by a municipal police department to estimate and analyze the life cycle costs for a proposed drone surveillance system to monitor traffic patterns and congestion within the central thoroughfares of the

> ABC Beverage, LLC purchases its 355-ml cans in large bulk from Wald-China Can Corporation. The finish on the anodized aluminum surface is produced by mechanical finishing technologies called brushing or bead blasting. Engineers at Wald are switching to m

> Harmony Auto Group sells and services imported and domestic cars. The owner wants to evaluate the option of outsourcing all of its new auto warranty service work to Winslow, Inc., a private repair service that works on any make and year car. Either a 5-y

> Determine the difference in annual worth between an investment of $100,000 per year for 50 years and an investment of $100,000 per year forever at an interest rate of (a) 5% and (b) 10% per year. Compare the two differences.

> Cisco, Inc. has a proposal from the Engineering Planning Division to invest some of the Cisco retained earnings in the design, testing, and development of the next generation of smart grids useful in the Internet of Things (IoT) environment. The initial

> Calculate the perpetual equivalent annual cost (years 1 to ∞) of $1,000,000 now and $1,000,000 three years from now at an interest rate of 10% per year.

> Water for Semiconductor Manufacturing Case Throughout the present worth analyses, the decision between seawater and groundwater switched multiple times in Examples 5.2 and 5.4. A summary is given here in $1 million monetary units. The confusion about the

> A chemical engineer is considering two sizes of pipes for moving distillate from a refinery to the tank farm. A small pipeline will cost less to purchase (including valves and other appurtenances), but will have a high head loss and, therefore, a higher

> Two mutually exclusive alternatives have the estimates shown below. Use annual worth analysis to determine which should be selected at an interest rate of 10% per year.

> Accurate air flow measurement requires straight, unobstructed pipe for a minimum of 10 diameters upstream and 5 diameters downstream of the measuring device. In one particular application, physical constraints compromised the pipe layout, so the engineer

> Assume an alternative has a 3-year life and that you calculated its AW value over its 3-year life cycle. If you were asked to provide the AW value of the alternative for a 4-year study period, is the AW value you calculated for the alternative’s 3-year l

> Two types of robots (Cartesian and Articulated) with the following estimates are under consideration for a dishwasher assembly process. Using an interest rate of 10% per year, determine which one should be selected on the basis of an annual worth analysi

> The initial cost of a packed-bed degassing reactor for removing trihalomethanes from potable water is $84,000. The annual operating cost for power, site maintenance, etc. is $13,000. If the salvage value of the pumps, blowers, and control systems is expe

> The AW values of three cost alternatives are $−23,000 for alternative A, $−21,600 for B, and $−27,300 for C. On the basis of these results, the decision is to: (a) select alternative A (b) select alternative B (c) select alternative C (d) select the Do

> If you have the capitalized cost of a certain alternative that has a 5-year life, you can get its annual worth by: (a) multiplying the CC by i (b) multiplying the CC by (A∕F,i,5) (c) multiplying the CC by (P∕A,i,5) (d) multiplying the CC by (A∕P,i,5)

> The annual worth of alternative Y is closest to: (a) $−50,000 (b) $−76,625 (c) $−90,000 (d) $−92,000

> The annual worth of perpetual service for alternative X is represented by the following equation: (a) −200,000(0.10) − 60,000 + 20,000(0.10) (b) −200,000(A∕P,10%,5) âˆ&#14

> Three different plans were presented to the GAO (General Accounting Office) by a high-tech facilities manager for operating a portable cyber-security facility. Plan A: Renewable 1-year contracts with payments of $1 million at the beginning of each year.

> In comparing the alternatives by the annual worth method, the AW of X is determined by the following equation: (a) −200,000(0.10)−60,000+20,000(0.10) (b) −200,000(A∕P,10%,5)â&

> The estimates for two alternatives are to be compared on the basis of their perpetual equivalent annual worth. At an interest rate of 10% per year, the equation that represents the perpetual AW of Y1 is: (a) AWY1 = −90,000(0.10) â

> To get the AW of a cash flow of $10,000 that occurs every 10 years forever, with the first one occurring now, it is correct to: (a) multiply the $10,000 by (A∕P,i,10 ) (b) multiply the $10,000 by (A∕F,i,10 ) (c) multiply the $10,000 by i (d) multiply the

> You will make equal deposits into your retirement account each year for 10 years starting now (i.e., years 0–9). If you expect to withdraw $50,000 per year forever beginning 30 years from now, and the funds will earn interest at 10% per year, the size of

> An alumnus of West Virginia University wishes to start an endowment that will provide scholarship money of $40,000 per year beginning in year 5 and continuing indefinitely. The donor plans to give money now and for each of the next 2 years. If the size o

> The annual worth for years 1 through infinity of $50,000 now, $10,000 per year in years 1 through 15, and $20,000 per year in years 16 through infinity at 10% per year is closest to: (a) less than $16,900 (b) $16,958 (c) $17,395 (d) $19,575

> If you wish to accumulate $10,000 over a 5-year period by placing $200 a month, starting next month, into a Roth IRA retirement fund that pays 6% per year, compounded quarterly with no interperiod compounding, the NPER function to determine the number of

> A midcareer engineer hopes to have $2 million available for his use when he retires 20 years from now. He plans to deposit a uniform amount semiannually, beginning now and every 6 months thereafter through the end of year 20. If his investment account ha

> If you deposit $P into a savings account that earns interest at a rate of i% per month for n years, the future worth in year n is represented by all of the following equations, except: (a) F = $P(F∕P, effective i/month, 12n) (b) F = $P(F∕P, effective i/q

> A small company plans to spend $10,000 in year 2 and $10,000 in year 5. At an interest rate of effective 10% per year, compounded semiannually, the equation that represents the equivalent annual worth in years 1 through 5 is: (a) A = 10,000(P∕F10%,2)(A∕P

> You have two machines under consideration for an improved automated wrapping process for Snickers Fun Size candy bars as detailed below. (a) Using an AW analysis, determine which should be selected at i = 15% per year. (b) Assume you want machine D to be

> For the cash flow diagram shown, the future worth in year 4 is closest to: (a) (b) $2915 (c) $3735 (d) $5219

> You are planning to make two equal amount deposits, one now and the other 3 years from now in order to accumulate $300,000 ten years in the future. If the interest rate is 14% per year, compounded semiannually, the size of each deposit is: (a) $48,200

> The cost of replacing a high-definition television production line in 6 years is estimated to be $500,000. At an interest rate of 14% per year, compounded semiannually, the uniform amount that must be deposited into a sinking fund every 6 months beginnin

> The present worth of a deposit of $1000 now and $1000 every 6 months for 10 years at an interest rate of 10% per year, compounded semiannually is represented by which of the following equations: (a) P = 1000(P∕A,5%,21)(F∕P,5%,1) (b) P = 1000 (P∕A,5%,20)

> An interest rate of 2% per quarter, compounded continuously, is closest to an effective semiannual rate of: (a) 2.00% per semiannual period (b) 2.02% per semiannual period (c) 4.0% per semiannual period (d) 4.08% per semiannual period

> Assume you make monthly deposits of $200 starting 1 month from now into an account that pays 6% per year, compounded semiannually. If you want to know how much you will have after 4 years, the value of i you should use in the F∕A factor, assuming no inte

> If you make quarterly deposits for 3 years (beginning one quarter from now) into an account that compounds interest at 1% per month, the value of n in the F∕A factor (for determining F at the end of the 3-year period) is: (a) 3 (b) 4 (c) 12 (d) 16

> The only time you change the original cash flow diagram in problems involving uniform series cash flows is when the: (a) payment period is longer than the compounding period (b) payment period is equal to the compounding period (c) payment period is sho

> An interest rate of 18% per year, compounded continuously, is closest to an effective: (a) 1.51% per quarter (b) 4.5% per quarter (c) 4.6% per quarter (d) 9% per 6 months

> An interest rate of 2% per month is the same as: (a) 24% per year, compounded monthly (b) a nominal 24% per year, compounded monthly (c) an effective 24% per year, compounded monthly (d) Both (a) and (b)

> Lego Group in Bellund, Denmark manufactures Lego toy construction blocks. The company is considering two methods for producing special-purpose Lego parts. Method 1 will have an initial cost of $400,000, an annual operating cost of $140,000, and a life of

> The Briggs and Stratton Commercial Division designs and manufactures small engines for golf turf maintenance equipment. A robotics-based testing system with support equipment will ensure that their new signature guarantee program entitled â€&#

> Where do CFOs get their money news? According to Robert Half International, 47% get their money news from newspapers, 15% get it from communication/colleagues, 12% get it from television, 11% from the Internet, 9% from magazines, 5% from radio, and 1% do

> A large manufacturing company investigated the service it received from suppliers and discovered that, in the past, 32% of all materials shipments were received late. However, the company recently installed a just-in-time system in which suppliers are li

> Eighteen percent of U.S.-based multinational companies provide an allowance for personal long-distance calls for executives living overseas, according to the Institute for International Human Resources and the National Foreign Trade Council. Suppose a bu

> a) Use the data given to test the following hypotheses. H0 : μ = 25 ………………………. Ha : μ ≠ 25 x̅ = 28.1, n = 57 ……….. σ = 8.46, α = .01 b) Use the p-value to reach a statistical conclusion. c) Using the critical value method, what are the critical sample m

> A survey was undertaken by Bruskin/Goldring Research for Quicken to determine how people plan to meet their financial goals in the next year. Respondents were allowed to select more than one way to meet their goals. Thirty-one percent said that they were

> A study by Hewitt Associates showed that 79% of companies offer employees flexible scheduling. Suppose a business analyst believes that in accounting firms this figure is lower. The analyst randomly selects 415 accounting firms and through interviews det

> Independent Insurance Agents of America conducted a survey of insurance consumers and discovered that 48% of them always reread their insurance policies, 29% sometimes do, 16% rarely do, and 7% never do. Suppose a large insurance company invests consider

> Suppose you are testing H0: p = .29 versus Ha: p ≠ .29. A random sample of 740 items shows that 207 have this characteristic. With a .05 probability of committing a Type I error, test the hypothesis. For the p-value method, what is the probability of the

> Suppose you are testing H0: p = .63 versus Ha: p < .63. For a random sample of 100 people, x = 55, where x denotes the number in the sample that have the characteristic of interest. Use a .01 level of significance to test this hypothesis.

> Suppose you are testing H0: p = .45 versus Ha: p > .45. A random sample of 310 people produces a value of p^ = .465. Use α = .05 to test this hypothesis.

> Suppose the following data are selected randomly from a population of normally distributed values. Construct a 95% confidence interval to estimate the population mean.

> According to a National Public Transportation survey, the average commuting time for people who commute to a city with a population of 1 to 3 million is 19.0 minutes. Suppose a business analyst lives in a city with a population of 2.4 million and wants t

> According to data released by the World Bank, the mean PM10 (particulate matter) concentration for the city of Kabul, Afghanistan, in 1999 was 46. Suppose that because of efforts to improve air quality in Kabul, increases in modernization, and efforts to

> Based on population figures and other general information on the U.S. population, suppose it has been estimated that, on average, a family of four in the United States spends about $1,135 annually on dental procedures. Suppose further that a regional den

> Major cities around the world compete with each other to attract new businesses. Some of the criteria that businesses use to judge cities as potential locations for their headquarters might include the labor pool; the environment, including work, governm