Question: 1. In several countries of Africa, a
1. In several countries of Africa, a common size for a Coke can is 340 milliliters (mL). Because of the variability of bottling machinery, it is likely that every 340-mL bottle of Coca-Cola does not contain exactly 340 mL of fluid. Some bottles may contain more fluid and others less. Because of this variation, a production engineer wants to test some of the bottles from a production run to determine how close they are to the 340-mL specification. Suppose the following data are the fill measurements from a random sample of 50 cans. Use the techniques presented in this chapter to describe the sample. Consider measures of central tendency, variability, and skewness. Based on this analysis, how is the bottling process working on this production run? Do you have any insight or advice for the production manager from studying these data?
2. Suppose that at another plant Coca-Cola is filling bottles with 20 ounces of fluid. A lab randomly samples 150 bottles and tests the bottles for fill volume. The descriptive statistics are given in both Minitab and Excel computer output. Write a brief report to supervisors summarizing what this output is saying about the process.
Coca-Cola Develops the African Market
The Coca-Cola Company is the number-one seller of beverages in the world with more than 500 sparkling and still brands that include 17 billion-dollar brands such as Coca-Cola, Diet Coke, Fanta, Sprite, Coca-Cola Zero, Powerade, and Minute Maid. Every day an average of more than 1.9 billion servings of Coca-Cola’s beverages are consumed worldwide. Such drinks are delivered via the world’s largest beverage distribution system to more than 200 countries around the globe. Including its bottling partners, the Coca-Cola Company ranks among the world’s top 10 private employers with more than 700,000 employees.
For a variety of reasons, sales in developed countries have been flat or slow growing. For example, in 1989, North Americans bought $2.6 billion worth of Coke; but 20 years later in 2009, the figure had only grown to $2.9 billion. Looking for attractive newer, growing markets, Coca-Cola turned its attention to Africa. According to forecasts by the United Nations, Africa’s population will more than double by the year 2050 to 2.5 billion people; and after years of poverty, Africa’s emerging middle class is now becoming a driver of growth with an expanding pool of consumers with increasing disposable income. Such factors along with a positive trade balance are attracting companies to Africa as a place in which to invest.
While Coke has been in Africa since 1929, more recently it has made substantial efforts to significantly increase sales there. At present, Coke is Africa’s largest private employer with 65,000 employees and 160 plants. Building on techniques learned in Latin America, Coke is trying to earn new customers in Africa by winning over small stores.
Moving throughout villages and towns, Coca-Cola is distributing Coke signage and drink coolers to shop after shop. In an effort to distribute their products in areas with poor roads and to reach remote areas, Coca-Cola is establishing manual distribution centers such as were used in Vietnam and Thailand. Such centers currently employ more than 12,000 Africans and generate $500 million in annual revenue. In addition, Coca-Cola plans to invest $5 billion more in Africa for long-term sustainable growth, increasing its total investment there to $17 billion over the decade ending in 2020. Such infusion of revenue is intended to fund new manufacturing lines, cooling and distribution equipment, more job opportunities, and sustainability initiatives focused on safe water access.
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> 12. Recorded measurements are ________________. 13. The highest level of data measurement is _______________. 14. The level of data measurement used when ranking items is _______________. 15. If a number represents the geographic location of a business,
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> Use your calculator or computer to find the population variance and population standard deviation for the following data. 123 090 546 378 392 280 179 601 572 953 749 075 303 468 531 646
> Use your calculator or computer to find the sample variance and sample standard deviation for the following data. 57 88 68 43 93 63 51 37 77 83 66 60 38 52 28 34 52 60 57 29 92 37 38 17 67
> A data set contains the following six values. a) Find the population standard deviation. b) Find the population variance. 12 23 19 26 24 23
> A data set contains the following eight values. a) Find the range. b) Find the sample variance. c) Find the sample standard deviation. d) Find the interquartile range. 43052945
> 1. The _______________ method of assigning probabilities relies on the insight or feelings of the person determining the probabilities. 2. If probabilities are determined "a priori" to an experiment using rules and laws, then the _______________ method o
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> 11. The outcome of the roll of one die is said to be _______________ of the outcome of the roll of another die. 12. The event of rolling a three on a die and the event of rolling an even number on the same roll with the same die are _______________. 13.
