1. The town of Sanford, Maine, decided to auction off a lot it owned. The town advertised that it would accept bids through the mail, up to a specified date. Arthur and Arline Chevalier mailed in a bid that turned out to be the highest. When the town refused to sell them the lot, they sued. Result? 2. The Tufte family leased a 260-acre farm from the Travelers Insurance Co. Toward the end of the lease, Travelers mailed the Tuftes an option to renew the lease. The option arrived at the Tuftes’ house on March 30, and gave them until April 14 to accept. On April 13, the Tuftes signed and mailed their acceptance, which Travelers received on April 19. Travelers claimed there was no lease and attempted to evict the Tuftes from the farm. May they stay? 3. When a Tom Cat Bakery delivery van struck Elizabeth Nadel, she suffered significant injuries, Nadel filed suit. Before the trial, Tom Cat’s attorney offered a $100,000 settlement, which Nadel refused. While the jury was deliberating, the bakery’s lawyer again offered Nadel the $100,000 settlement. She decided to think about it during lunch. Later that day, the jury sent a note to the judge. The bakery owner told her lawyer that if the note indicated the jury had reached a verdict, he should revoke the settlement offer. Back in the courtroom, the bakery’s lawyer said, “If the note is a verdict, my client wants to take the verdict.” Nadel’s lawyer then said, “My client will take the settlement.” The trial court judge allowed the forewoman to read the verdict, which awarded Nadel—nothing. Did Nadel’s lawyer accept the settlement offer in time? 4. Machado Ford published the following newspaper ad: “Buy a New Ford and Get $3,000 Minimum Trade-In Allowance.” Izadi attempted to purchase a new Ford Ranger valued at $6,595 for $3,595 in cash plus his trade=in (assuming the minimum trade=in allowance). Machado refused. The ad’s superfine print indicated that the offer was only good towards two other vehicle models and that the trade-in must be worth at least $3,000. Izadi sued, arguing that the ad was misleading. Machado contended that it did not mean for the ad to be interpreted as it was. Who should prevail? 5. Miller listed her home for sale. On August 4th, Norman made an offer, specifying that it must be accepted by 5:00 p.m. on August 5th. Miller received the offer, made several changes, signed it, and returned it to Norman. Norman did not respond. On August 5th at noon, Segal offered to buy Miller’s house and Miller accepted. Miller than revoked the counteroffer to Norman. But right before 5:00 p.m., Norman initialed Miller’s counteroffer and delivered it with a deposit. To whom, if anyone, did Miller sell her home?
> Figure P23.57 shows eight point charges arranged at the corners of a cube with sides of length d. The values of the charges are +q and -q, as shown. This is a model of one cell of a cubic ionic crystal. In sodium chloride (NaCl), for instance, the positi
> Two oppositely charged, identical insulating spheres, each 50.0 cm in diameter and carrying a uniformly distributed charge of magnitude 250 µC, are placed 1.00 m apart center to center (Fig. P23.56). Fig. P23.56: (a). If a voltmeter is c
> A vacuum tube diode consists of concentric cylindrical electrodes, the negative cathode and the positive anode. Because of the accumulation of charge near the cathode, the electric potential between the electrodes is given by V(x) = Cx4/3 where x is th
> Suppose you bring a slab of dielectric close to the gap between the plates of a charged capacitor, preparing to slide it between the plates. What force will you feel? What does this force tell you about the energy stored between the plates once the diele
> Identical charges q = +5.00 µC are placed at opposite corners of a square that has sides of length 8.00 cm. Point A is at one of the empty corners, and point B is at the center of the square. A charge q0 = -3.00 µC is placed at point A and moves along th
> A particle with charge +7.60 nC is in a uniform electric field directed to the left. Another force, in addition to the electric force, acts on the particle so that when it is released from rest, it moves to the right. After it has moved 8.00 cm, the addi
> A proton and an alpha particle are released from rest when they are 0.225 nm apart. The alpha particle (a helium nucleus) has essentially four times the mass and two times the charge of a proton. Find the maximum speed and maximum acceleration of each of
> When radium-226 decays radioactively, it emits an alpha particle (the nucleus of helium), and the end product is radon-222. We can model this decay by thinking of the radium-226 as consisting of an alpha particle emitted from the surface of the spherical
> A small sphere with mass 5.00 × 10-7 kg and charge +7.00 µC is released from rest a distance of 0.400 m above a large horizontal insulating sheet of charge that has uniform surface charge density
> A gold nucleus has a radius of 7.3 × 10-15 m and a charge of +79e. Through what voltage must an alpha particle, with charge +2e, be accelerated so that it has just enough energy to reach a distance of 2.0 × 10-14 m from the surface of a gold nucleus? (As
> The power rating of a light bulb (such as a 100-W bulb) is the power it dissipates when connected across a 120-V potential difference. What is the resistance of? (a). a 100-W bulb and (b). a 60-W bulb? (c). How much current does each bulb draw in norm
> A “540-W” electric heater is designed to operate from 120-V lines. (a). What is its operating resistance? (b). What current does it draw? (c). If the line voltage drops to 110 V, what power does the heater take? (Assume that the resistance is constant
> In the circuit in Fig. E25.47, find Fig. E25.47: (a). the rate of conversion of internal (chemical) energy to electrical energy within the battery; (b). the rate of dissipation of electrical energy in the battery; (c). the rate of dissipation of elec
> A typical small flashlight contains two batteries, each having an emf of 1.5 V, connected in series with a bulb having resistance 17 Ω. (a). If the internal resistance of the batteries is negligible, what power is delivered to the bulb? (b). If the bat
> A capacitor made of aluminum foil strips separated by Mylar film was subjected to excessive voltage, and the resulting dielectric breakdown melted holes in the Mylar. After this, the capacitance was found to be about the same as before, but the breakdown
> A 25.0-Ω bulb is connected across the terminals of a 12.0-V battery having 3.50 Ω of internal resistance. What percentage of the power of the battery is dissipated across the internal resistance and hence is not available to the bulb?
> An idealized voltmeter is connected across the terminals of a 15.0-V battery, and a 75.0-Ω appliance is also connected across its terminals. If the voltmeter reads 11.9 V, (a). how much power is being dissipated by the appliance, and (b). what is the i
> The capacity of a storage battery, such as those used in automobile electrical systems, is rated in ampere-hours (A ∙ h). A 50-A ∙ h battery can supply a current of 50 A for 1.0 h, or 25 A for 2.0 h, and so on. (a). What total energy can be supplied by
> A heart defibrillator is used to enable the heart to start beating if it has stopped. This is done by passing a large current of 12 A through the body at 25 V for a very short time, usually about 3.0 ms. (a). What power does the defibrillator deliver to
> Electric eels generate electric pulses along their skin that can be used to stun an enemy when they come into contact with it. Tests have shown that these pulses can be up to 500 V and produce currents of 80 mA (or even larger). A typical pulse lasts for
> Consider the circuit of Fig. E25.30. Fig. E25.30: (a). What is the total rate at which electrical energy is dissipated in the 5.0- Ω and 9.0-Ω resistors? (b). What is the power output of the 16.0-V battery? (c). At what rate
> In Europe the standard voltage in homes is 220 V instead of the 120 V used in the United States. Therefore a “100-W” European bulb would be intended for use with a 220-V potential difference (see Problem 25.36). Problem 25.36: If a “75-W” bulb (see Pr
> If a “75-W” bulb (see Problem 25.35) is connected across a 220-V potential difference (as is used in Europe), how much power does it dissipate? Ignore the temperature dependence of the bulb’s resistance. Problem 25.35: The power rating of a light bulb
> Consider the circuit shown in Fig. E25.26. The terminal voltage of the 24.0-V battery is 21.2 V. What are Fig. E25.26: (a). the internal resistance r of the battery and (b) the resistance R of the circuit resistor? r 24.0 V ww 4.00 A R 4.00 A ww
> A copper transmission cable 100 km long and 10.0 cm in diameter carries a current of 125 A. (a). What is the potential drop across the cable? (b). How much electrical energy is dissipated as thermal energy every hour?
> Is dielectric strength the same thing as dielectric constant? Explain any differences between the two quantities. Is there a simple relationship between dielectric strength and dielectric constant (see Table 24.2)? Table 24.2: Dielectric Strength,
> The circuit shown in Fig. E25.33 contains two batteries, each with an emf and an internal resistance, and two resistors. Find Fig. E25.33: (a) the current in the circuit (magnitude and direction) and (b) the terminal voltage Vab of the 16.0-V batter
> In the circuit of Fig. E25.30, the 5.0-Ω resistor is removed and replaced by a resistor of unknown resistance R. When this is done, an ideal voltmeter connected across the points b and c reads 1.9 V. Find Fig. E25.30: (a). the current in
> In the circuit shown in Fig. E25.30, the 16.0-V battery is removed and reinserted with the opposite polarity, so that its negative terminal is now next to point a. Find Fig. E25.30: (a). the current in the circuit (magnitude and direction); (b). the
> The circuit shown in Fig. E25.30 contains two batteries, each with an emf and an internal resistance, and two resistors. Find Fig. E25.30: (a). the current in the circuit (magnitude and direction); (b). the terminal voltage Vab of the 16.0-V battery;
> When switch S in Fig. E25.29 is open, the voltmeter V reads 3.08 V. When the switch is closed, the voltmeter reading drops to 2.97 V, and the ammeter A reads 1.65 A. Find the emf, the internal resistance of the battery, and the circuit resistance R. Assu
> An idealized ammeter is connected to a battery as shown in Fig. E25.28. Find Fig. E25.28: (a). the reading of the ammeter, (b). the current through the 4.00-Ω resistor, (c). the terminal voltage of the battery. (A 2.00 Ω 10.0 V 4.00
> An ideal voltmeter V is connected to a 2.0-Ω resistor and a battery with emf 5.0 V and internal resistance 0.5 Ω as shown in Fig. E25.27. Fig. E25.27: (a). What is the current in the 2.0- Ω resistor? (b). What is t
> A 1.50-m cylindrical rod of diameter 0.500 cm is connected to a power supply that maintains a constant potential difference of 15.0 V across its ends, while an ammeter measures the current through it. You observe that at room temperature (20.0°C) the amm
> At room temperature, what is the strength of the electric field in a 12-gauge copper wire (diameter 2.05 mm) that is needed to cause a 4.50-A current to flow? (b). What field would be needed if the wire were made of silver instead?
> (a). What is the resistance of a Nichrome wire at 0.0°C if its resistance is 100.00 Ω at 11.5°C? (b). What is the resistance of a carbon rod at 25.8°C if its resistance is 0.0160 Ω at 0.0°C?
> Temperature coefficients of resistivity are given in Table 25.2. Table 25.2: (a). If a copper heating element is connected to a source of constant voltage, does the electrical power consumed by the heating element increase or decrease as its temperat
> A hollow aluminum cylinder is 2.50 m long and has an inner radius of 2.75 cm and an outer radius of 4.60 cm. Treat each surface (inner, outer, and the two end faces) as an equipotential surface. At room temperature, what will an ohmmeter read if it is co
> A current-carrying gold wire has diameter 0.84 mm. The electric field in the wire is 0.49 V/m. What are (a). the current carried by the wire; (b). the potential difference between two points in the wire 6.4 m apart; (c). the resistance of a 6.4-m leng
> A strand of wire has resistance 5.60 µΩ. Find the net resistance of 120 such strands if they are (a). placed side by side to form a cable of the same length as a single strand, and (b). connected end to end to form a wire 120 times as long as a single s
> A cylindrical tungsten filament 15.0 cm long with a diameter of 1.00 mm is to be used in a machine for which the temperature will range from room temperature (20°C) up to 120°C. It will carry a current of 12.5 A at all temperatures
> A wire 6.50 m long with diameter of 2.05 mm has a resistance of 0.0290 Ω. What material is the wire most likely made of?
> A 14-gauge copper wire of diameter 1.628 mm carries a current of 12.5 mA. (a). What is the potential difference across a 2.00-m length of the wire? (b). What would the potential difference in part (a) be if the wire were silver instead of copper, but a
> A copper wire has a square cross section 2.3 mm on a side. The wire is 4.0 m long and carries a current of 3.6 A. The density of free electrons is 8.5 × 1028/m3. Find the magnitudes of (a). the current density in the wire and (b). the electric field in
> During lightning strikes from a cloud to the ground, currents as high as 25,000 A can occur and last for about 40 µs. How much charge is transferred from the cloud to the earth during such a strike?
> Current passes through a solution of sodium chloride. In 1.00 s, 2.68 × 1016 Na+ ions arrive at the negative electrode and 3.92 × 1016 Cl- ions arrive at the positive electrode. (a). What is the current passing between the electrodes? (b). What is the
> The current in a wire varies with time according to the relationship I = 55 A – (0.65 A/s2) t2. (a). How many coulombs of charge pass a cross section of the wire in the time interval between t = 0 and t = 8.0 s? (b). What constant current would transpo
> You have two capacitors and want to connect them across a voltage source (battery) to store the maximum amount of energy. Should they be connected in series or in parallel?
> A point charge q1 = +2.40 µC is held stationary at the origin. A second point charge q2 = -4.30 µC moves from the point x = 0.150 m, y = 0 to the point x = 0.250 m, y = 0.250 m. How much work is done by the electric force on q2?
> Ramona was indicted on charges of real estate fraud. During a legal search of her home, the police found a computer with encrypted files. Would it be a violation of her Fifth Amendment right against self-incrimination to force her to unencrypt these file
> Officer Trottier stopped Marie Winfield for driving 20 miles over the speed limit. He then became suspicious because her son would not make eye contact and she was eating a Powerbar in a “hurried manner.” The officer asked for and Winfield granted him pe
> A police officer in North Carolina stopped Nick’s car because it had a broken brake light. Nick allowed the officer to search the car and, during the search, the officer found cocaine. It turns out that the original stop was invalid because drivers in No
> Hiring relatives of foreign officials for no-show jobs is a violation of the FCPA. But what about hiring children of government officials into real jobs? Is that also a violation? The U.S. government is investigating JPMorgan Chase & Co.’s practice of hi
> Suppose two people are living together: the suspect and a tenant. If the tenant consents to a police search of the premises, then the police are not required to first obtain a warrant. What if the suspect and the tenant disagree, with the tenant granting
> Craig Newmark founded craigslist, the most popular website in the country for classified ads. Rather than maximizing its profits, craigslist instead focused on developing a community among its users. It was a place to find an apartment, a pet, a job, a c
> Mickle pleaded guilty to rape. The judge sentenced him to prison for five years and also ordered that he undergo a vasectomy. Was this cruel and unusual punishment?
> In his most famous novel, The Red and the Black, the French author Stendhal (1783–1842) wrote: “There is no such thing as ‘natural law’: this expression is nothing but old nonsense. Prior to laws, what is natural is only the strength of the lion, or the
> 1. Senate investigators found that executives at JPMorgan Chase & Co. lied to investors and the public. Also, traders, with the knowledge of top management, changed risk limits to facilitate more trading and then violated even these higher limits. Execut
> Mary wrote a check on her account at First Bank for $23,000 payable to the order of Eagle Construction Company. Sylvia, who was an Eagle employee, deposited Mary’s check in her personal account at Second Bank, without first having someone indorse it. Whe
> Marina Stengart used her company laptop to communicate with her lawyer via her personal, password-protected, web-based e-mail account. The company’s policy stated: E-mail and voice mail messages, internet use and communication and computer files are cons
> Should you have a will? Do you have one?
> Imagine that you sign a lease and that you are to move into your new apartment on August 15. When you arrive, the previous tenant has not moved out. In fact, he has no intention of moving out. Compare the English and American rules. Should the landlord i
> Music stars Beyoncé and Jay-Z named their newborn daughter Blue Ivy and then rushed to trademark the name, because they planned to use it in commerce. Their application was denied because a wedding planner in Massachusetts was already using “Blue Ivy” as
> 1. Milton Friedman was a strong believer in the _____________ model. He _______________ argue that a corporate leader's sole obligation is to make money for the company's owners. A. shareholder; did B. shareholder; did not C. stakeholder; did D. stakehol
> 1. The United States Constitution is among the finest legal accomplishments in the history of the world. Which of the following influenced Franklin, Jefferson, and the rest of the Founding Fathers? A. English common-law principles B. The Iroquois’ syst
> 1. A decedent’s will provided that the estate was to be divided among the decedent’s issue, per capita and not per stirpes. If there are two surviving children and three grandchildren who are children of a predeceased child at the time the will is probat
> Advertisements for Listerine mouthwash claimed that it was as effective as flossing in preventing tooth plaque and gum disease. This statement was true, but only if the flossing was done incorrectly. In fact, many consumers do floss incorrectly. However,
> 1. Which of the following requirements must be met to create a bailment? I. Delivery of personal property to the intended bailee II. Possession by the intended bailee (a) I only (b) II only (c) Both I and II (d) None of the above 2. Consider the follow
> 1. Quick, Onyx, and Nash were deeded a piece of land as tenants in common. The deed provided that Quick owned one-half the property and Onyx and Nash owned one-quarter each. If Nash dies, the property will be owned as follows: (a) Quick 1⁄2, Onyx 1⁄2. (b
> Recall the Quimby case. This type of fraud is increasingly common. What could Quimby have done to protect himself?
> Process cheese food slices must contain at least 51% natural cheese. Imitation cheese slices, by contrast, contain little or no natural cheese and consist primarily of water, vegetable oil, flavoring, and “fortifying agents.” Kraft, Inc. makes Kraft Sing
> 1. Taylor Swift wanted to trademark her song lyrics: “And I’ll write your name.” She_______. A. can trademark it only if she registers it B. can trademark it only if it is in a tangible form C. cannot trademark it because it is not novel D. can trademark
> 1. Suppose that you are the manager of General Motors plant that is about to start producing Hummers. The Hummer requires special protective paint that, as it turns out, reacts with other chemicals during the application process to create a pollutant. Wh
> To conceive a child, some infertile couples need an egg from a fertile woman. In this market, eggs from smart, pretty women are the most valuable. However, the American Society for Reproductive Medicine recommended that clinics cap any payments to donors
> 1. Dell sold computers online with a particular software. In fact, the software was not available for several months. Instead, Dell sent customers a coupon for the software “when available.” What did Dell do wrong? I. Failed to offer buyers the opportuni
> 1. Are horizontal price fixing and vertical price fixing per se violations of the Sherman Act? A. Yes, Yes B. Yes, No C. No, Yes D. No, No 2. If Sterling Steel (SS) refused to buy concrete from Carat Concrete (CC) unless CC bought steel from SS would tha
> Clarice, a young woman with a mental disability, brought a malpractice suit against a doctor at the Medical Center. As a result, the Medical Center refused to treat her on a nonemergency basis. Clarice then went to another local clinic, which was later a
> 1. When a common stock offering requires registration under the Securities Act of 1933: (a) the registration statement is automatically effective when filed with the SEC. (b) the issuer would act unlawfully if it were to sell the common stock without pro
> 1. A voluntary petition filed under the liquidation provisions of Chapter 7 of the federal Bankruptcy Code: A. Is not available to a corporation unless it has previously filed a petition under the reorganization provisions of Chapter 11 of the Code B. au
> 1. A majority of shareholders at Weed, Inc. wanted to reinstate the former CEO of the company and sell off an unprofitable division. Do shareholders have the right to make these two decisions? A. Yes to both. B. No to both. C. The shareholders have the r
> 1. The burden of proof in a civil trial is to prove a case ___. The burden of proof rests with the ___. A. beyond a reasonable doubt; plaintiff B. by a preponderance of the evidence; plaintiff C. beyond a reasonable doubt; defendant D. by a preponderance
> 1. If a manager engages in self-dealing, which of the following answers will NOT protect him from a finding that he violated the business judgment rule: A. The disinterested members of the board approved the transaction B. The transaction was of minor im
> Omnicare was a company that sold medication to nursing homes. When it made these sales, it often received rebates from drug companies. In its registration statement under the 1933 Act, the company stated that the rebates were legal. Ultimately, however,
> 1. Generally, a corporation’s articles of incorporation must include all of the following except the: A. Name of the corporation’s registered agent B. Name of each incorporator C. Number of authorized shares D. Quorum requirements 2. Destiny Manufacturin
> 1. Which of the following is not necessary to create a partnership? A. Execution of a written partnership agreement B. Agreement to share ownership of the partnership C. Intention of conducting a business for profit D. Intention of creating a relationshi
> A bankrupt who owns a house has the option of either paying the mortgage or losing his home. The court cannot reduce the amount owed; its choice is to discharge the entire debt or leave it whole. Congress considered a bill that would permit a bankruptcy
> 1. A sole proprietorship: A. Must file a tax return B. Requires no formal steps for its creation C. Must register with the secretary of state D. May sell stock E. Provides limited liability to the owner 2. Assuming all other requirements are met, a corp
> 1. Gregg Young, the CEO of BJY Inc., insisted on calling Mamdouh El-Hakem “Manny” or “Hank” even when El-Hakem asked him not to. El-Hakem was of Arab heritage. Young argued that a “Western” name would increase El-Hakem’s chances for success and would be
> 1. For which of the following activities can a foreign sovereign be sued? A. Operating a factory dangerously B. Issuing a law that discriminates against a certain group C. Suspending the civil rights of its people D. None of the above 2. Outdoor Technolo
> 1. When Brooke went to work at an advertising agency, his employment contract stated that he was, “at will and could be terminated at any time.” After 28 months with the company, he was fired without explanation. Which of the following statements is true
> 1. At Business University, semester enrollment begins at midnight on April 1. Jasper asked his roommate Alonso as a favor to register him for an important required course. Alonso agreed to do so but then overslept. As a result, Jasper could not enroll in
> Catherine suffered serious physical injuries in an automobile accident and became acutely depressed as a result. One morning, she received a check for $17,400 in settlement of her claims arising out of the accident. She indorsed the check and placed it o
> For several years, CSK Auto, Inc., fraudulently reported inflated earnings. During this period, Maynard Jenkins was the CEO. He was not involved in the fraud, however, and was never charged with a crime. Nonetheless, the SEC sought to clawback some of hi
> Corporate executives are not the only people to earn fabulous salaries. Some athletes earn even more than CEOs. What is the difference between athletes and executives (besides a hook shot)?
> Some companies adopt a staggered board of directors as an antitakeover defense. How does a staggered board affect cumulative voting?
> James owned Despatch Industries. When his son, Wade, and son-in-law, Alan, started working for the company, they both signed identical employment contracts, which provided for a severance payment if they left the company. After Wade and James had a falli
> 1. CPA’s duty of due care to a client most likely will be breached when a CPA: A. Gives a client an oral instead of a written report B. Gives a client incorrect advice based on an honest error judgment C. Fails to give tax advice that saves the client mo
> Ronald O. Perelman, chairman of the board and CEO of Pantry Pride, met with his counterpart at Revlon, Michel C. Bergerac, to discuss a friendly acquisition of Revlon by Pantry Pride. Revlon rebuffed Pantry Pride’s overtures, perhaps in part because Berg
> 1. A check has the following indorsements on the back: Paul Frank without recourse George Hopkins payment guaranteed Ann Quarry Collection guaranteed Rachel Ott Which of the following conditions occurring subsequent to the indorsements would discharge al
> 1.Which of the following statements are true? A. A draft is always a check. B. A check is always a draft. C. A note must involve at least three people D. All of the above. 2. Which of the following standards are required for negotiability: A. The
