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> What is the purpose of an international monetary system?

> Discuss the meaning of the financial account and identify its major components.

> The current account is an important component of the U.S. balance of payments. Describe the current account balance and indicate its major components.

> Briefly indicate the problems facing the United States in its attempt to maintain international financial equilibrium.

> Commercial letters of credit, traveler’s letters of credit, and traveler’s checks all play an important role in international finance. Distinguish among these three types of instruments.

> 1. What is the term for an arithmetic process whereby a future value decreases at a compound interest rate over time to reach a present value? a. Compounding b. Discounting c. Investing d. Speculating 2. What would be the present value of a $100 in

> Explain the role played by the Export-Import Bank in international trade. Do you consider this bank to be in competition with private lending institutions?

> Describe the ultimate sources of funds for export financing with bankers’ acceptances. How are acceptances acquired for investment by these sources?

> Describe the costs involved in connection with financing exports through bankers’ acceptances.

> How may a bank protect itself after having issued a commercial letter of credit on behalf of a customer?

> Describe the process by which an importing firm may substitute the credit of its bank for its own credit in financing international transactions.

> How do importers protect themselves against improper delivery of goods when they are required to make payment as they place an order?

> Describe the various ways by which an exporter may finance an international shipment of goods. How may commercial banks assist the exporter in the collection of drafts?

> What are sight and time drafts? Indicate how they differ.

> How has the value of the U.S. dollar changed relative to other major currencies in recent years? What is “hedging” and how are forward contracts used to manage foreign exchange risk?

> Explain the role of supply and demand as it relates to the establishment of exchange rates between countries.

> 1. When interest is earned on interest in addition to interest being earned on the principal amount of an investment, what is this called? a. Simple interest b. Compound interest c. Basic interest d. Inflation interest 2. What would be the future v

> What are currency or foreign exchange markets?

> What types of financial crises have some countries in the EU faced in recent years?

> What is the euro? Identify some of its distinguishing characteristics.

> What is meant by the term euro zone members? Which countries are euro zone members?

> What is the European Union (EU)? How did it develop? Who are the current members of the EU?

> Describe the international monetary system currently in use.

> What is an international monetary system based on “flexible exchange rates”?

> What is the present value of a five-year lease arrangement with an interest rate of 9 percent that requires annual payments of $10,000 per year with the first payment being due now?

> Assume you are planning to invest $5,000 each year for six years and will earn 10 percent per year. Determine the future value of this annuity due problem if your first $5,000 is invested now.

> Assume you are planning to invest $100 each year for four years and will earn 10 percent per year. Determine the future value of this annuity due problem if your first $100 is invested now.

> 1. For which type of annuity do equal periodic payments (or receipts) occur at the beginning of each period? a. Ordinary annuity b. Annuity due c. Reverse annuity d. Annuity rule 2. What would be the future value of an annuity due, two-year investm

> Stevens Incorporated’s stock has a 14 percent return, a beta of 0.85, and the market return is 15 percent. a. What was the risk-free rate in the economy for the year? b. The stock market of another company had a return of 20 percent. What would you est

> Financial researchers at Smith Sharon, an investment bank, estimate the current security market line as: E(Ri ) = 4.5 + 6.8(i ) a. Explain what happens to expected return as beta increases from 1.0 to 2.0. b. Suppose an asset has a beta of –1.0. What is

> Suppose the estimated security market line is: E(Ri ) = 4.0 + 7( i ) a. What is the current Treasury bill rate? b. What is the current market risk premium? c. What is the current expected market return? d. Explain what beta ( ) measures.

> Using your answers to Parts a and b in Problem 4, estimate your portfolio’s expected return if the security market line is estimated as: E(Ri ) = 5.2 + 8.4( i ) Data from Problem 4: You’ve collected data on the betas of various mutual funds. Each fund

> You’ve collected data on the betas of various mutual funds. Each fund and its beta is listed in the text. a. Estimate the beta of your fund holdings if you held equal proportions of each of the above funds. b. Estimate the beta of your fund holdings if y

> As mentioned above, spreadsheets can do the work for us of computing beta. Use Excel’s “slope” function to estimate the beta of Microsoft using the data in Table LE12.1. Use the “intercept” function to estimate the alpha or intercept term of the regressi

> Below is nine month’s return data for Walgreens and the S&P 500. Month Walgreens Return S&P500 Return  1 0.0203 7.5%  2 -0.0595 1.8%  3 0.0023 -8.2%  4 0.0203 -6.4%  5 -0.0221 -1.1%  6 -0.1426 -2.5%  7 -0.0597 0.5%  8 0.

> Stock market forecasters are predicting that the stock market will rise a modest 5 percent next year. Given the beta of each stock listed in the text, what is the expected change in each stock’s value?

> Determine the profit (or loss) to a put buyer and a put writer for the following put options when the stock is selling at $63 just prior to expiration of the options and the option premium is $3. a. $55 strike price b. $65 strike price c. $75 strike pric

> Determine the profit (or loss) to a call buyer and a call writer for the following call options when the stock is selling at $32 just prior to expiration of the options and the option premium is $2.50. a. $25 strike price b. $30 strike price c. $35 strik

> 1. Which of the following is a principle of finance? a. Money has a time value b. Higher returns are expected for taking on more risk c. Diversification of investments can reduce risk d. All of the choices are correct 2. Which of the following is t

> Determine the intrinsic values of the following put options when the stock is selling at $63 just prior to expiration of the options. a. $55 put price b. $65 put price c. $75 put price

> Determine the intrinsic values of the following call options when the stock is selling at $32 just prior to expiration of the options. a. $25 call price b. $30 call price c. $35 call price

> The following are the cash flows for three investments that actually occur at the beginning of each year rather than at the end of each year. a. Find the present values at the end of time period zero for each of these three investments if the discount

> Use a financial calculator to solve for the interest rate involved in the following future value of an annuity due (FVAD) problem. The future value is $57,000, the annual payment is $7,500, and the time period is 6 years.

> The following information is available to you: travelers checks = $1 million; coin and paper currency = $30 million; repurchase agreements and Eurodollars = $15 million; demand deposits = $25 million; retail money market mutual funds = $60 million; savin

> Following are components of the M1 money supply at the end of last year. What will be the size of the M1 money supply at the end of next year if currency grows by 10 percent, demand deposits grow by 5 percent, other checkable deposits grow by 8 percent,

> Determine the size of the demand deposits component of the M1 money supply using the following information. Currency…………………………………………..$350 million Traveler’s checks………………………………..$10 million Other checkable deposits………………….$200 million Small time deposit

> Determine the size of the M1 money supply using the following information. Currency………………………………………………..$700 billion Money market mutual funds ………………..$2,000 billion Demand deposits……………………………………$300 billion Other checkable deposits…………………………$300 billion

> Determine the size of the M1 money supply using the following information. Currency plus Traveler’s checks………………..$25 million Negotiable CDs………………………………………..$10 million Demand deposits……………………………………..$13 million Other checkable deposits…………………………..$12 m

> You are considering becoming a franchisee with the Kopy-Kopy Copy and Pizza Delivery Service. For $50,000, they give you training and exclusive territorial rights. Equipment can be purchased through the home office for an additional $50,000, all of which

> Annual savings from Project X include a reduction in ten clerical employees with annual salaries of $15,000 each, $8,000 from reduced production delays, $12,000 from lost sales due to inventory stock outs, and $3,000 in reduced utility costs. Project X c

> The following is a simplified project income statement for Ma & Pa Incorporated. The project is expected to last for eight years. Its up-front cost is $2,000. Its cost of capital is 12 percent. Sales…………………………………………………..……$ 925.00 – cash expenses…………………

> The Brassy Fin Pet Shop is considering an expansion. Construction will cost $90,000 and will be depreciated to zero, using straight-line depreciation, over five years. Earnings before depreciation are expected to be $20,000 in each of the next five years

> Use the information in Problem 10 to do the following: a. Calculate the payback period for the machine. b. If the project’s cost of capital is 10 percent, would you recommend buying the machine? c. Estimate the internal rate of return for the machine. D

> A machine can be purchased for $10,500 including transportation charges, but installation costs will require $1,500 more. The machine is expected to last four years and produce annual cash revenues of $6,000. Annual cash-operating expenses are expected t

> Find the NPV and PI of a project that costs $1,500 and returns $800 in Year 1 and $850 in Year 2. Assume the project’s cost of capital is 8 percent.

> Construct a spreadsheet that computes the effective annual rates on the commercial paper offerings. Inputs to the spreadsheet should include the dollar amount of paper to be issued, the number of days the paper is outstanding, the stated annual rate, and

> Compute the effective annual rates of the following: a. $1 million maturing in 90 days with a stated annual rate of 6 percent. Fees are 0.02 percent of the principal. b. $15 million maturing in 60 days with a stated annual rate of 7.6 percent. Fees are 0

> Bank A offers loans with a 10 percent stated annual rate and a 10 percent compensating balance. You wish to obtain $250,000 in a six-month loan. a. How much must you borrow in order to obtain $250,000 in usable funds? Assume you currently do not have any

> Your firm needs to raise funds for inventory expansion. a. What is the effective annual rate on a loan of $150,000 if it is discounted at a 12 percent stated annual rate and it matures in five months? b. How much must you borrow in order to obtain usabl

> 1. Inflation is best described as which of the following? a. Increase in the price of goods or services that is offset by an increase in quality b. Increase in the price of goods or services that is not offset by an increase in quality c. Decrease in

> What conclusions can you make about credit terms from reviewing your answers to Problem 4? Data from Problem 4: Compute the effective cost of not taking the cash discount under the following trade credit terms: a. 2/10 net 40 b. 2/10 net 50 c. 3/10 net

> Compute the effective cost of not taking the cash discount under the following trade credit terms: a. 2/10 net 40 b. 2/10 net 50 c. 3/10 net 50 d. 2/20 net 40

> Obtain a current issue of the Federal Reserve Bulletin, or review of copy from the Fed’s Web site (www.federalreserve.gov) or the St. Louis Fed’s Web site (www.stlouisfed.org), and determine the changes in the prime rate that have occurred since the end

> Comfin Company has the following estimates on its level of current and total assets for the next two years (presented in text): a. Estimate the levels of permanent and temporary current assets for Comfin over these months. Find the average amount for fix

> Assume that you have been offered cash discounts on merchandise that can be purchased from either of two suppliers. Supplier A offers trade credit terms of 3/20, net/70, while Supplier B offers 4/15, net/80. What is the approximate effective cost of miss

> Which of the following offer the lowest effective rate for Wolf Howl jackets? Assume Wolf Howl will need to borrow $800,000 for 180 days. a. A 14% APR bank loan b. A 13% APR, discounted bank loan. c. 12.5% APR with fees of 1% for receivables financing. d

> CDRW is evaluating an inventory financing arrangement with DVD Banks. CDRW estimates an average monthly inventory balance of $800,000. DVD Bank is offering a 12 percent APR loan on 75 percent of the value of the inventory. DVD’s inventory storage and eva

> Beckheart is seeking financing for its inventory. Safe-proof Warehouses offers space in their facility for Beckheart’s inventory. They offer loans with a 15-percent APR equal to 60% of the inventory. Monthly fees for the usage of the warehouse are $500 p

> Montcalm Enterprises is seeking bids on short-term loans with area banks. It expects its average outstanding borrowings to equal $320,000. Which of the following terms offers Montcalm the lowest effective rate? Town Bank: revolving credit agreement for $

> Bank Two wants to attract Michael’s Computers, Inc. to become a customer. Their sales force contacts Michael’s and offers them line of credit financing. The credit line will be for $500,000 with a one-month “clean-up” period. The APR on borrowed funds is

> 1. The relationship between interest rates and the time to maturity for debt instruments of comparable quality is called which of the following? a. Default risk premium b. Liquidity premium c. Term structure of interest rates d. Term structure of non

> Michael’s Computers’ local bank offers the firm a 12-month revolving credit agreement of $500,000. The APR of the revolver is 12 percent with a commitment fee of 0.5% on the unused portion. Over the course of a year, Michael’s chief financial officer bel

> Michael’s Computers is evaluating proposals from two different factors who will provide receivables financing. Big Fee Factoring will finance the receivables at an APR of 8 percent, discounted, and charges a fee of 4 percent. High Rate Factoring offers a

> Wonder Dog Leash Company is seeking to raise cash and is in negotiation with Big Bucks finance company to pledge their receivables. BB is willing to loan funds against 75% of current (that is, not overdue) receivables at a 15% annual percentage rate (see

> Wonder Dog Leash Company is examining their accounts receivable patterns. Wonder’s customers are offered terms of 1/10 net 30. Of their receivables, $150,000 are current, $75,000 are one-month overdue, $30,000 are two-months overdue, and $20,000 are over

> A supplier is offering your firm a cash discount of 2 percent if purchases are paid for within 10 days; otherwise the bill is due at the end of 60 days. Would you recommend borrowing from a bank at an 18 percent annual interest rate in order to take adva

> Genatron Manufacturing expects its sales to increase by 10 percent in 2018. Estimate the firm’s investment in accounts receivable, inventory, and accounts payable in 2018.

> Financial statements for the Genatron Manufacturing Corporation for the years 2016 and 2017 are listed in the text. Calculate Genatron’s operating cycle and cash conversion cycle for 2016 and 2017. Why did they change between 2016 and 2017?

> Robinson expects its 2018 sales and cost of goods sold to grow by 20 percent over their 2017 levels. a) What will be the effect on its levels of receivables, inventories, and payments if the components of its cash conversion cycle remain at their 2017 le

> Robinson expects its 2018 sales and cost of goods sold to grow by 5 percent over their 2017 levels. a) What will be the effect on its levels of receivables, inventories, and payments if the components of its cash conversion cycle remain at their 2017 le

> Given Robinson’s 2016 and 2017 financial information presented in problems 3 and 4, a) Compute its operating and cash conversion cycle in each year. b) What was Robinson’s net investment in working capital each year? Data from Problem 3: The Robinson

> 1. The risk-free interest rate is made up of which of the following components in addition to a real rate of interest? a. Inflation premium b. Default risk premium c. Market risk premium d. Liquidity premium 2. Which of the following Treasury secur

> 1. Which one of the following is not a real asset? a. Land and buildings b. Equipment and inventories c. Precious metals d. Equity securities 2. Purchasing power is the a. amount of goods or services that can be purchased with a unit of money. b.

> Suppose the Robinson Company had a cost of goods sold of $1,000,000 in 2016 and $1,200,000 in 2017. a. Calculate the inventory turnover for each year. Comment on your findings. b. What would have been the amount of inventories in 2017 if the 2016 turnove

> The Robinson Company from Problem 2 had net sales of $1,200,000 in 2016 and $1,300,000 in 2017. a. Determine the receivables turnover in each year. b. Calculate the average collection period for each year. c. Based on the receivables turnover for 2016, e

> Genatron Manufacturing (from problem 8) is considering changing its credit standards. Analysis shows that sales may fall 5 percent from 2017 levels with no bad debts from the change in sales. The cost of financing the increase in current assets is 8 perc

> Robinson Company has a 2017 profit margin of 5 percent. They are examining the possibility of loosening their credit policy. Analysis shows that sales may rise 10 percent while bad debts on the change in sales will be 2 percent. The cost of financing the

> The Robinson Company has the current assets and current liabilities for the two years listed in the text. If sales in 2016 were $1.2 million and sales in 2017 were $1.3 million, and cost of goods sold were 70 percent of sales, how long were Robinson’s op

> Pa Bell, Inc., wants to increase its credit standards. They expect sales will fall by $50,000 and bad-debt expense will fall by 10 percent of this amount. The firm has a 15 percent profit margin on its sales. The tougher credit standards will lower the f

> Mattam Corporation’s year sales are $5 million and its average collection period is 32 days. Only 10 percent of sales are for cash and the remainder is credit sales. a. What is Mattam’s investment in accounts receivable? b. If Mattam extends its credit

> CD Later’s projected sales for the first four months of 201X are January……………………………………………….$60,000 February………………………………………………$55,000 March …………………………………………………$65,000 April…………………………………………………….$70,000 The firm expects to collect 10 percent of sales in c

> Using the information provided in problem 14, construct cash budgets from each of the following scenarios. Use the data from problem 14 as the “base case.” What insights do we obtain from a cash budget scenario analysis? a. Best case: sales are 10-percen

> Redo Problem number 14, using the monthly sales estimates listed in the text. Data from Problem 14: Of its monthly sales, The Kingsman Company historically has had 25-percent cash sales with the remainder paid within one month. Each month’s purchases a

> 1. The risk-free interest rate can be expressed as a function of which of the following? a. Real rate of interest and the inflation premium b. Real rate of interest, inflation premium, and the default risk premium c. Deflation premium, real rate of in

> Of its monthly sales, The Kingsman Company historically has had 25-percent cash sales with the remainder paid within one month. Each month’s purchases are equal to 75 percent of the next month’s sales forecast; suppliers are paid one month after the purc

> Eastnorth’s suppliers are upset that Eastnorth takes two months to pay their accounts payable; they demand that in the following year Eastnorth pay its bills within 30 days, or one month after the purchase. a. Using this new information, update Eastnorth

> Suppose Eastnorth Manufacturing is planning to change its credit policies next year. It anticipates that 10 percent of each month’s sales will be for cash; two-thirds of each month’s receivables will be collected in the following month, and one-third wil

> In problem 10, we assumed the current asset and liability accounts decrease proportionately with Genatron’s sales. This is probably unrealistic following a decline in sales. What will be the impact on the working capital accounts if its collection period

> With concerns of increased competition, Genatron is planning in case its 2018 sales fall by 5 percent from their 2017 levels. If cost of goods sold and the current asset and liability accounts decrease proportionately, a) Calculate the 2018 cash convers

> Pretty Lady Cosmetic Products has an average production process time of 40 days. Finished goods are kept on hand for an average of 15 days before they are sold. Accounts receivable are outstanding an average of 35 days, and the firm receives 40-days cred