Question: A roller-coaster vehicle has a mass

> An adventurous archeologist (m = 85.0 kg) tries to cross a river by swinging from a vine. The vine is 10.0 m long, and his speed at the bottom of the swing is 8.00 m/s. The archeologist doesn’t know that the vine has a breaking strength of 1000 N. Does h

> (a) What is the tangential acceleration of a bug on the rim of a 10.0-in.-diameter disk if the disk accelerates uniformly from rest to an angular velocity of 78.0 rev/min in 3.00 s? (b) When the disk is at its final speed, what is the tangential velocity

> It has been suggested that rotating cylinders about 10 mi long and 5.0 mi in diameter be placed in space and used as colonies. What angular speed must such a cylinder have so that the centripetal acceleration at its surface equals the free-fall accelerat

> A car initially traveling eastward turns north by traveling in a circular path at uniform speed as shown in Figure P7.15. The length of the arc ABC is 235 m, and the car completes the turn in 36.0 s. (a) Determine the car’s speed. (b) W

> An electric motor rotating a workshop grinding wheel at a rate of 1.00 x 102 rev/min is switched off. Assume the wheel has a constant negative angular acceleration of magnitude 2.00 rad/s2. (a) How long does it take for the grinding wheel to stop? (b) Th

> A rotating wheel requires 3.00 s to rotate 37.0 revolutions. Its angular velocity at the end of the 3.00-s interval is 98.0 rad/s. What is the constant angular acceleration (in rad/s2) of the wheel?

> A child is practicing for a BMX race. His speed remains constant as he goes counterclockwise around a level track with two nearly straight sections and two nearly semicircular sections, as shown in the aerial view of Figure CQ7.12. (a) What are the direc

> A car initially traveling at 29.0 m/s undergoes a constant negative acceleration of magnitude 1.75 m/s2 after its brakes are applied. (a) How many revolutions does each tire make before the car comes to a stop, assuming the car does not skid and the tire

> A car of mass m follows a truck of mass 2m around a circular turn. Both vehicles move at speed v. (a) What is the ratio of the truck’s net centripetal force to the car’s net centripetal force? (b) At what new speed vtruck will the net centripetal force a

> When the merry-go-round of Quick Quiz 7.4 is rotating at a constant angular speed, Andrea’s tangential speed is (a) Twice Chuck’s (b) The same as Chuck’s (c) Half of Chuck’s (d) Impossible to determine. Data From Quick Quiz 7.4: Andrea and Chuck are rid

> The diameters of the main rotor and tail rotor of a singleengine helicopter are 7.60 m and 1.02 m, respectively. The respective rotational speeds are 450 rev/min and 4138 rev/ min. Calculate the speeds of the tips of both rotors. Compare these speeds wit

> Describe the path of a moving object in the event that the object’s acceleration is constant in magnitude at all times and (a) Perpendicular to its velocity; (b) Parallel to its velocity.

> A bicyclist starting at rest produces a constant angular acceleration of 1.60 rad/s2 for wheels that are 38.0 cm in radius. (a) What is the bicycle’s linear acceleration? (b) What is the angular speed of the wheels when the bicyclist reaches 11.0 m/s? (c

> Because of Earth’s rotation about its axis, you weigh slightly less at the equator than at the poles. Explain.

> A dentist’s drill starts from rest. After 3.20 s of constant angular acceleration, it turns at a rate of 2.51 x 104 rev/min. (a) Find the drill’s angular acceleration. (b) Determine the angle (in radians) through which the drill rotates during this perio

> Objects moving along a circular path have a centripetal acceleration provided by a net force directed towards the center. Identify the force(s) providing the centripetal acceleration in each of these cases: (a) A planet in circular orbit around its sun;

> A potter’s wheel moves uniformly from rest to an angular velocity of 1.00 rev/s in 30.0 s. (a) Find its angular acceleration in radians per second per second. (b) Would doubling the angular acceleration during the given period have doubled final angular

> A bicycle tire is spinning clockwise at 2.50 rad/s. During a time period Δt = 1.25 s, the tire is stopped and spun in the opposite (counterclockwise) direction, also at 2.50 rad/s. Calculate (a) The change in the tire’s angular velocity Δw and (b) The ti

> The tires on a new compact car have a diameter of 2.0 ft and are warranted for 60000 miles. (a) Determine the angle (in radians) through which one of these tires will rotate during the warranty period. (b) How many revolutions of the tire are equivalent

> A model airplane of mass 0.750 kg flies with a speed of 35.0 m/s in a horizontal circle at the end of a 60.0-m control wire as shown in Figure P7.60a. The forces exerted on the airplane are shown in Figure P7.60b; the tension in the control wire, Î

> In Robert Heinlein’s The Moon Is a Harsh Mistress, the colonial inhabitants of the Moon threaten to launch rocks down onto Earth if they are not given independence (or at least representation). Assuming a gun could launch a rock of mass m at twice the lu

> A roller coaster travels in a circular path. (a) Identify the forces on a passenger at the top of the circular loop that cause centripetal acceleration. Show the direction of all forces in a sketch. (b) Identify the forces on the passenger at the bottom

> Because of Earth’s rotation about its axis, a point on the equator has a centripetal acceleration of 0.034 0 m/s2, whereas a point at the poles has no centripetal acceleration. (a) Show that, at the equator, the gravitational force on an object (the obje

> Keratinocytes are the most common cells in the skin’s outer layer. As these approximately circular cells migrate across a wound during the healing process, they roll in a way that reduces the frictional forces impeding their motion. (a) Given a cell body

> A car moves at speed v across a bridge made in the shape of a circular arc of radius r. (a) Find an expression for the normal force acting on the car when it is at the top of the arc. (b) At what minimum speed will the normal force become zero (causing t

> A 0.400-kg pendulum bob passes through the lowest part of its path at a speed of 3.00 m/s. (a) What is the tension in the pendulum cable at this point if the pendulum is 80.0 cm long? (b) When the pendulum reaches its highest point, what angle does the c

> The Solar Maximum Mission Satellite was placed in a circular orbit about 150 mi above Earth. Determine (a) The orbital speed of the satellite and (b) The time required for one complete revolution.

> The dung beetle is known as one of the strongest animals for its size, often forming balls of dung up to 10 times their own mass and rolling them to locations where they can be buried and stored as food. A typical dung ball formed by the species K. nigro

> An athlete swings a 5.00-kg ball horizontally on the end of a rope. The ball moves in a circle of radius 0.800 m at an angular speed of 0.500 rev/s. What are (a) The tangential speed of the ball and (b) Its centripetal acceleration? (c) If the maximum te

> Suppose an alien civilization has a space station in circular orbit around its home planet. The station’s orbital radius is twice the planet’s radius. (a) If an alien astronaut has weight w just before launch from the surface, will she be weightless when

> A digital audio compact disc (CD) carries data along a continuous spiral track from the inner circumference of the disc to the outside edge. Each bit occupies 0.6 mm of the track. A CD player turns the disc to carry the track counterclockwise above a len

> One method of pitching a softball is called the “windmill” delivery method, in which the pitcher’s arm rotates through approximately 360° in a vertical plane before the 198- gram ball is released at the lowest point of the circular motion. An experienced

> Neutron stars are extremely dense objects that are formed from the remnants of supernova explosions. Many rotate very rapidly. Suppose the mass of a certain spherical neutron star is twice the mass of the Sun and its radius is 10.0 km. Determine the grea

> (a) One of the moons of Jupiter, named Io, has an orbital radius of 4.22 x 108 m and a period of 1.77 days. Assuming the orbit is circular, calculate the mass of Jupiter. (b) The largest moon of Jupiter, named Ganymede, has an orbital radius of 1.07 x 10

> A synchronous satellite, which always remains above the same point on a planet’s equator, is put in circular orbit around Jupiter to study that planet’s famous red spot. Jupiter rotates once every 9.84 h. Use the data

> A comet has a period of 76.3 years and moves in an elliptical orbit in which its perihelion (closest approach to the Sun) is 0.610 AU. Find (a) The semimajor axis of the comet and (b) An estimate of the comet’s maximum distance from the Sun, both in astr

> A 600-kg satellite is in a circular orbit about Earth at a height above Earth equal to Earth’s mean radius. Find (a) The satellite’s orbital speed, (b) The period of its revolution, and (c) The gravitational force acting on it.

> A satellite of Mars, called Phoebus, has an orbital radius of 9.4 x 106 m and a period of 2.8 x 104 s. Assuming the orbit is circular, determine the mass of Mars.

> An artificial satellite circling the Earth completes each orbit in 110 minutes. (a) Find the altitude of the satellite. (b) What is the value of g at the location of this satellite?

> A satellite is in a circular orbit around the Earth at an altitude of 2.80 x 106 m. Find (a) The period of the orbit, (b) The speed of the satellite, and (c) The acceleration of the satellite.

> Convert (a) 47.0° to radians, (b) 12.0 rad to revolutions, and (c) 75.0 rpm to rad/s.

> Two objects attract each other with a gravitational force of magnitude 1.00 x 10-8 N when separated by 20.0 cm. If the total mass of the objects is 5.00 kg, what is the mass of each?

> A projectile is fired straight upward from the Earth’s surface at the South Pole with an initial speed equal to one third the escape speed. (a) Ignoring air resistance, determine how far from the center of the Earth the projectile travels before stopping

> Use the data of Table 7.3 to find the point between Earth and the Sun at which an object can be placed so that the net gravitational force exerted by Earth and the Sun on that object is zero. Table 7.3:

> Objects with masses of 200. kg and 500. kg are separated by 0.400 m. (a) Find the net gravitational force exerted by these objects on a 50.0-kg object placed midway between them. (b) At what position (other than infinitely remote ones) can the 50.0-kg ob

> After the Sun exhausts its nuclear fuel, its ultimate fate may be to collapse to a white dwarf state. In this state, it would have approximately the same mass as it has now, but its radius would be equal to the radius of Earth. Calculate (a) The average

> A coordinate system (in meters) is constructed on the surface of a pool table, and three objects are placed on the table as follows: a 2.0-kg object at the origin of the coordinate system, a 3.0-kg object at (0, 2.0), and a 4.0-kg object at (4.0, 0). Fin

> The International Space Station has a mass of 4.19 x 105 kg and orbits at a radius of 6.79 x 106 m from the center of Earth. Find (a) The gravitational force exerted by Earth on the space station, (b) The space station’s gravitational potential energy, a

> (a) Find the magnitude of the gravitational force between a planet with mass 7.50 x 1024 kg and its moon, with mass 2.70 x 1022 kg, if the average distance between their centers is 2.80 x 108 m. (b) What is the acceleration of the moon towards the planet

> A 40.0-kg child takes a ride on a Ferris wheel that rotates four times each minute and has a diameter of 18.0 m. (a) What is the centripetal acceleration of the child? (b) What force (magnitude and direction) does the seat exert on the child at the lowes

> Consider again the pairs of angular positions for the rigid object in Quick Quiz 7.1. If the object starts from rest at the initial angular position, moves counterclockwise with constant angular acceleration, and arrives at the final angular position wit

> Andrea and Chuck are riding on a merry-go-round. Andrea rides on a horse at the outer rim of the circular platform, twice as far from the center of the circular platform as Chuck, who rides on an inner horse. When the merry-go-round is rotating at a cons

> Why are new hires required to be reported to the state’s employment department?

> What is certified payroll? Which companies must use it?

> Why should more than one person prepare/verify payroll processing?

> What is the purpose of a payroll system?

> How does an FSA affect an employee’s taxable wages?

> What are the four categories of cafeteria plans?

> What are two types of insurance that may be deducted pre-tax under a cafeteria plan?

> Marty Burgess works for Hyrolated Sports. His compensation is based on sales of store products to customers. Which type of pay basis represents Marty’s pay?

> What are two examples of pre-tax deductions?

> What are two examples of voluntary deductions?

> Haley Price is an employee at Finesong Jewelry. She earns a salary of $38,850 per year, paid biweekly, and has a credit card garnishment. Assuming that Haley’s disposable income is 85 percent of her gross pay, what is the maximum amount per period that m

> What are two reports associated with fringe benefits?

> What are three examples of voluntary fringe benefits?

> Approximately what percentage of employee compensation includes fringe benefits?

> How often must employers deposit taxes associated with taxable fringe benefits?

> How does the special accounting rule affect withholding of benefits?

> How do post-tax deductions differ from pre-tax deductions?

> What are the ways that the value of a company vehicle as a fringe benefit is determined?

> What are three examples of excluded fringe benefits?

> Alfredo Gonzalez, a waiter at Seven Wonders Restaurant in Honolulu, Hawaii, receives the tipped minimum wage. During a 40-hour work week, how much must he earn in tips to meet the minimum wage requirement?

> Why do companies offer fringe benefits to their employees?

> Janice Lucas is the president of Miller Custom Coffee Roasters. She drives a 2020 Mercedes E300 with a fair market value of $57,500. The lease value is $14,750. The odometer started at 655 and was reported at 32,855 at the end of the year. The car was av

> In what situations could a salaried employee receive overtime pay?

> What is the difference between a salary and a draw?

> What types of occupations are typically salaried?

> How does the tipped minimum wage differ from the FLSA minimum wage?

> When do overtime rates apply?

> What amount did the Final Rule stipulate as to the minimum wage for salaried, exempt workers.

> Aside from tipped employees, under what circumstances may an employee receive less than the FLSA minimum wage?

> When are wait time, travel time, and sleep time compensable?

> Under what circumstances may an employee receive compensation for on-call time?

> Ashley Woods is a tipped employee in Washington, DC.. What is the minimum tipped wage for her location?

> Rodney Atwater is a sales representative for American Silk Mills. Because he visits customer sites, he has a company car. He drove 25,500 miles during 2021, of which he reported 15 percent was personal miles. Using the cents-per-mile rule, what is the va

> What is comp time?

> Why are companies moving toward the hundredth-hour system?

> What is the difference between quarter-hour and hundredth-hour pay?

> In what situations might an employee draw money against his or her future pay?

> What is the primary difference between commission work and piece-rate work?

> How is overtime pay computed for nonexempt, salaried workers?

> What are the different tasks involved in payroll accounting?

> What are the important considerations in setting up a payroll system?

> What are two of the best practices in establishing a payroll system?

> What are the five main payroll frequencies?

> Jewel Lyman is an employee in the office of Salvaggio & Wheelers, Attorneys at Law. She received the following benefits during 2021: Medical insurance, $250 per month Commuter pass, $500 per month Employer-paid membership to Anytime Gym, $75 per year Dep

> FLSA provisions always cover certain types of businesses. Which of the following businesses are always covered by FLSA?

> When must a terminated employee be paid his or her final paycheck for the state in which you live?

> What documents should be included in all new hire packets?

> What two regulations pertain to employee paycard use?