Amy Chang wants to start a business supplying florists with field-grown f lowers. She has located an appropriate acreage and believes she can grow daisies, asters, chrysanthemums, carnations, and other assorted types during a nine-month growing period. By growing the f lowers in a field as opposed to a greenhouse, Amy expects to save a considerable amount on herbicide and pesticide. She is considering passing the savings along to her customers by charging $1.25 per standard bunch versus the prevailing price of $1.50 per standard bunch. Amy has turned to her neighbor, Bob Winters, for help. Bob is an accountant in town who is familiar with general business conditions. Bob gathered the following information for Amy: a. There are 50 growers within a one-hour drive of Amy’s acreage. b. In general, there is little variability in price. Flowers are treated as commodities, and one aster is considered to be pretty much like any other aster. c. There are numerous f lorists in the city, and the amount that Amy would supply could be easily absorbed by the f lorists at the prevailing price. Required: 1. What type of market structure characterizes the f lower-growing industry in Amy’s region? Explain. 2. Given your answer to Requirement 1, what price should Amy charge per standard bunch? Why?
> The job responsibilities of three employees of Ruido Speakers, Inc., are described as follows: Kaylin Hepworth, production manager, is responsible for production of the plastic casing in which the speaker components are placed. She supervises the line wo
> Sterling, Inc., is an export-import firm. On June 1, Sterling purchased goods from a British company costing £20,000. Payment is due in pounds on September 1. The spot rate on June 1 was $1.29 per pound, and on September 1, it was $1.34 per pound. Requir
> Pacific Rim, Inc., is considering opening a new warehouse to serve the northwest region. Darnell Florian, controller for Pacific Rim, has been reading about the advantages of FTZs. He wonders if locating in one would be of benefit to his company, which i
> Cajas, Inc., is considering opening a new warehouse to serve the Southwest region. Aaron Garcia, controller for Cajas, has been reading about the advantages of FTZs. He wonders if locating in one would be of benefit to his company, which imports about 90
> A close friend of yours is majoring in accounting and would like to work for an MNC upon graduation. Your friend is unsure just what courses would help prepare for that goal and wants your advice. Required: Advise your friend on the kind of courses that
> Yukon, Inc., has a division in Canada, the Exterior Stain Division, which makes long-lasting exterior wood stain. Yukon has another U.S. division, the Retail Division, which operates a chain of home improvement stores. The Retail Division would like to b
> Colorworld, Inc., has a division in Indonesia that makes dyestuff in a variety of colors used to dye denim for jeans and another division in the United States that manufactures denim clothing. The Dyestuff Division incurs manufacturing costs of $2.68 for
> Mitford Furniture Manufacturing, Inc., has a division in the United States that produces and sells furniture for discount furniture stores. One type of dining room set is made in the International Division in China. The dining room sets are sold external
> Reider Company is a job-order costing firm that uses activity-based costing to apply overhead to jobs. Reider identified three overhead activities and related drivers. Budgeted information for the year is as follows: Reider worked on four jobs in July. D
> Ariana Stratford, vice president for Newtronics, Inc., was reviewing the latest results for two divisions. The first, located in Baja California, Mexico, had posted income of $150,000 on assets of $1,500,000. The second, in Punt-on-Thames, England, showe
> Permian Company engages in many foreign currency transactions. Company policy is to hedge exposure to exchange gains and losses using forward contracts. On July 1, Permian bought merchandise from a Canadian company for 120,000 Canadian dollars, payable o
> Refer to Exercise 21-9. If Sterling paid for the purchase using the September 1 spot rate, what was the exchange gain or loss? Data from Exercise 21-9: Sterling, Inc., is an export-import firm. On June 1, Sterling purchased goods from a British company
> Bautista Company manufactures backpacks. A heavy-duty strap is one part that the company orders from an outside supplier. Information pertaining to the strap is as follows: Economic order quantity 6,300 units Average daily usage 315 units Maximum daily u
> Melchar Company uses 78,125 pounds of oats each year. The cost of placing an order is $18, and the carrying cost for one pound of oats is $0.45. Required: 1. Compute the economic order quantity for oats. 2. Compute the carrying and ordering costs for the
> Refer to the data in Exercise 20-6. Required: 1. Compute the economic order quantity. 2. Compute the ordering, carrying, and total costs for the EOQ. 3. How much money does using the EOQ policy save the company over the policy of purchasing 4,000 plastic
> Ottis, Inc., uses 640,000 plastic housing units each year in its production of paper shredders. The cost of placing an order is $30. The cost of holding one unit of inventory for one year is $15.00. Currently, Ottis places 160 orders of 4,000 plastic hou
> Duckstein, Inc., manufactures two types of aspirin: plain and buffered. It sells all it produces. Recently, Duckstein implemented a TOC approach for its Fort Smith plant. One binding constraint was identified, and the optimal product mix was determined.
> Patz Company makes three types of stainless steel frying pans. Each of the three types of pans requires the use of a special machine that has total operating capacity of 273,000 hours per year. Information on each of the three products is as follows: The
> Many companies have viewed JIT as a panacea—a knight in shining armor that promises rescue from sluggish profits, poor quality, and productive inefficiency. It is often lauded for its beneficial effects on employee morale and self-esteem. Yet, JIT may al
> Refer to Brief Exercise 5-1 for data. Required: 1. Calculate the balance in Work in Process as of June 30. 2. Calculate the balance in Finished Goods as of June 30. 3. Calculate the cost of goods sold for June. 4. Calculate the price charged for Job 39.
> Hales Company produces a product that requires two processes. In the first process, a subassembly is produced (subassembly A). In the second process, this subassembly and a subassembly purchased from outside the company (subassembly B) are assembled to p
> Eyring Manufacturing produces a component used in its production of washing machines. The time to set up and produce a batch of the components is two days. The average daily usage is 800 components, and the maximum daily usage is 875 components. Required
> Assume the economic lot size for small casings is 120,000 and that of the large casings is 40,000. Morrison Manufacturing sells an average of 9,600 small casings per workday and an average of 3,200 large casings per workday. It takes Morrison two days to
> Refer to Exercise 20-10. Required: 1. Compute the number of large casings that should be produced per setup to minimize total setup and carrying costs for this product. 2. Compute the setup, carrying, and total costs associated with the economic order qu
> Morrison Manufacturing produces casings for sewing machines: large and small. To produce the different casings, equipment must be set up. The setup cost per production run is $18,000 for either casing. The cost of carrying small casings in inventory is $
> The first two scenarios are independent. All cash f lows are after-tax cash f lows. Required: 1. Patz Corporation is considering the purchase of a computer-aided manufacturing system. The cash benefits will be $800,000 per year. The system costs $4,000,0
> The following cases are each independent of the others. Required: 1. Sam Lilliam places $5,000 in a savings account that pays 3 percent. Suppose Sam leaves the original deposit plus any interest in the account for two years. How much will Sam have in sav
> Each of the following scenarios is independent. All cash f lows are after-tax cash f lows. Required: 1. Michael Kimathi has purchased a tractor for $93,750. He expects to receive a net cash flow of $31,250 per year from the investment. What is the paybac
> Lilly Company is planning to buy a set of special tools for its grinding operation. The cost of the tools is $18,000. The tools have a three-year life and qualify for the use of the three-year MACRS. The tax rate is 25 percent; the cost of capital is 12
> Postman Company is considering two independent projects. One project involves a new product line, and the other involves the acquisition of forklifts for the Materials Handling Department. The projected annual operating revenues and expenses are as follo
> Perrin Company designs industrial prototypes for outside companies. Budgeted overhead for the year was $242,000, and budgeted direct labor hours were 20,000. The average wage rate for direct labor is expected to be $22 per hour. During June, Perrin Compa
> Covington Pharmacies has decided to automate its insurance claims process. Two networked computer systems are being considered. The systems have an expected life of two years. The net cash flows associated with the systems are as follows. The cash benefi
> Gina Ripley, president of Dearing Company, is considering the purchase of a computer-aided manufacturing system. The annual net cash benefits and savings associated with the system are described as follows: Decreased waste $300,000 Increased quality 400,
> Consider each of the following independent cases. Required: 1. Hal’s Stunt Company is investing $120,000 in a project that will yield a uniform series of cash inf lows over the next four years. If the internal rate of return is 14 percent, how much cash
> Buena Vision Clinic is considering an investment that requires an outlay of $600,000 and promises a net cash inf low one year from now of $810,000. Assume the cost of capital is 10 percent. Required: 1. Break the $810,000 future cash inf low into three c
> Refer to Exercise 19-11. 1. Compute the payback period for each project. Assume that the manager of the clinic accepts only projects with a payback period of three years or less. Offer some reasons why this may be a rational strategy even though the NPV
> A clinic is considering the possibility of two new purchases: new MRI equipment and new biopsy equipment. Each project requires an investment of $425,000. The expected life for each is five years with no expected salvage value. The net cash inf lows asso
> Sato Company is considering an investment in equipment that is capable of producing more efficiently than the current technology. The outlay required is $2,293,200. The equipment is expected to last five years and will have no salvage value. The expected
> Eastman, Inc., manufactures and sells three products: R, S, and T. In January, Eastman, Inc., budgeted sales of the following. At the end of the year, actual sales revenue for Product R and Product S was $3,075,000 and $3,254,000, respectively. The actua
> Data for Torleson Company are as follows: Budgeted price $15.00 Actual price $14.80 Budgeted quantity 1,450 Actual quantity sold 2,500 Required: 1. Calculate the sales price variance. 2. Calculate the sales volume variance. 3. Suppose that the product is
> During its first year of operations, Snobegon, Inc. (located in Lake Snobegon, Minnesota), produced 40,000 plastic snow scoops. Snow scoops are oversized shovel-type scoops that are used to push snow away. Unit sales were 38,200 scoops. Fixed overhead wa
> Patterson Company produces wafers for integrated circuits. Data for the most recent year are provided: Required: 1. Using the five most expensive activities, calculate the overhead cost assigned to each product. Assume that the costs of the other activit
> Flaherty, Inc., has just completed its first year of operations. The unit costs on a normal costing basis are as follows: Manufacturing costs (per unit): Direct materials (4 lbs. @ $1.50) $ 6.00 Direct labor (0.5 hr. @ $18) 9.00 Variable overhead (0.5 hr
> Mayfair Electric Utility has excess electrical generating capacity. In order to utilize its excess capacity, Mayfair entered into a five-year contract with the U.S. government to sell Mayfair’s generated excess power to the U.S. power grid. The contract
> Otero Fibers, Inc., specializes in the manufacture of synthetic fibers that the company uses in many products such as blankets, coats, and uniforms for police and firefighters. Otero has been in business since 1985 and has been profitable every year sinc
> Carina Franks operates a catering company in Austin, Texas. Carina provides food and servers for parties. She also rents tables, chairs, dinnerware, glassware, and linens. Estefan and Maria Montero have contacted Carina about plans for their daughter&aci
> Many different businesses employ markup on cost to arrive at a price. For each of the following situations, explain what the markup covers and why it is the amount that it is. a. Department stores have a markup of 100 percent of purchase cost. b. Jewelry
> Whang Construction Company is a general contractor that specializes in custom residential housing. Each job requires a bid that includes Whang’s direct costs and subcontractor costs as well as an amount referred to as “
> Foster Hancock is an accountant who is planning to open an accounting firm in his hometown. He has heard that established accountants in town charge $65 per hour. That amount sounds good to Foster. In fact, he believes that he should be able to charge $7
> Janet Gordon and Phil Hopkins graduated several years ago with M.S. degrees in accounting and set up a full-service accounting firm. Janet and Phil have many small business clients and have noticed some pricing trends while compiling annual financial sta
> Wehner Company is currently manufacturing Part ABS-43, producing 55,000 units annually. The part is used in the production of several products made by Wehner. The cost per unit for ABS-43 is as follows: Direct materials $45.60 Direct labor 9.80 Variable
> Electan Company produces two types of printers. The company uses ABC, and all activity drivers are duration drivers. Electan Company is considering using DBC and has gathered the following data to help with its decision. A. Activities with duration drive
> Feinan Sports, Inc., manufactures sporting equipment, including weight-lifting gloves. A national sporting goods chain recently submitted a special order for 4,600 pairs of weight lifting gloves. Feinan Sports was not operating at capacity and could use
> Roxanne Morton owns a beauty shop with eight hair and nail professionals. Her shop is relatively large and has four rooms at the back, three of which are currently empty (the fourth is used to store supplies). Roxanne’s is popular and typically busy Mond
> Elliott, Inc., has four salaried clerks to process purchase orders. Each clerk is paid a salary of $25,750 and is capable of processing as many as 6,500 purchase orders per year. Each clerk uses a PC and laser printer in processing orders. Time available
> Six months ago, Lee Anna Carver purchased a fire-engine red, used LeBaron convertible for $10,000. Lee Anna was looking forward to the feel of the sun on her shoulders and the wind whipping through her hair as she zipped along the highways of life. Unfor
> Petoskey Electronics Company manufactures specialized products for boats and recreational vehicles using its newly introduced patented engine analytics device. The first-year revenues and costs for the product device are as follows: Selling price $500 pe
> Jem Hernandez owns Jem’s Special Event Planning Service, a full-service event planner. Jem does much of the work herself and hires additional help as needed. She plans corporate events, weddings, and special occasion parties. Each of th
> Jason Rogers works full-time for UPS and runs a lawn-mowing service part-time after work during the warm months of April through October. Jason has three men working with him, each of whom is paid $6 per lawn mowing. Jason has 30 residential customers wh
> Tony and Tina Roselli own and run TNT’s Pizza Restaurant. Tony is responsible for managing the day-to-day aspects, hiring workers, and overseeing the kitchen, building, and grounds. He is the chief cook and handles all purchasing. Tina is the hostess and
> Carleigh, Inc., is a pork processor. Its plants, located in the Midwest, produce several products from a common process: sirloin roasts, chops, spare ribs, and the residual. The roasts, chops, and spare ribs are packaged, branded, and sold to supermarket
> Nutterco, Inc., produces two types of nut butter: peanut butter and cashew butter. Of the two, peanut butter is the more popular. Cashew butter is a specialty line using smaller jars and fewer jars per case. Data concerning the two products follow: Annua
> Golding Bank provided the following data about its two checking account products and their associated resources and activities: At practical capacity, Golding uses 25,000 check processing hours. Required: 1. Calculate the capacity cost rate for the chec
> Ehrling, Inc., manufactures metal racks for hanging clothing in retail stores. Ehrling was approached by the CEO of Carly’s Corner, a regional nonprofit food bank, with an offer to buy 350 heavy-duty metal racks for storing canned goods
> Brees, Inc., a manufacturer of golf carts, has just received an offer from a supplier to provide 2,600 units of a component used in its main product. The component is a track assembly that is currently produced internally. The supplier has offered to sel
> Gelbart Company manufactures gas grills. Fixed costs amount to $16,335,000 per year. Variable costs per gas grill are $225, and the average price per gas grill is $600. Required: 1. How many gas grills must Gelbart Company sell to break even? 2. If Gelba
> Cheetah Company manufactures custom-designed skins (covers) for iPods® and other portable electronic devices. Variable costs are $9.20 per custom skin, the price is $19, and fixed costs are $104,860. Required: 1. What is the contribution margin for one c
> Busy-Bee Baking Company produces a variety of breads. The plant manager would like to expand production into sweet rolls as well. The average price of a loaf of bread is $1. Anticipated price for a package of sweet rolls is $1.50. Costs for the new level
> Busy-Bee Baking Company produces a variety of breads. The average price of a loaf of bread is $1. Costs are as follows: Other data: Total fixed costs (traditional) $140,000 Total fixed costs (ABC) 57,500 Required: 1. Compute the break-even point in uni
> X-Cee-Ski Company recently expanded its manufacturing capacity, which will allow it to produce up to 21,000 pairs of cross-country skis of the mountaineering model or the touring model. The Sales Department assures management that it can sell between 9,0
> Alo Company produces commercial printers. One is the regular model, a basic model that is designed to copy and print in black and white. Another model, the deluxe model, is a color printer-scanner-copier. For the coming year, Alo expects to sell 90,000 r
> Income statements for two different companies in the same industry are as follows: Required: 1. Compute the degree of operating leverage for each company. 2. Compute the break-even point for each company. Explain why the break-even point for Hobart, Inc.
> Nail Glow, Inc., produces novelty nail polishes. Each bottle sells for $5.90. Variable unit costs are as follows: Acrylic base $0.86 Pigments 0.57 Other ingredients 0.43 Bottle, packing material $1.15 Selling commission 0.14 Fixed overhead costs are $34,
> Golding Bank provided the following data about its resources and activities for its checking account process: • Computers are used only by the issuing (30 percent) and processing transaction (70 percent) activities. •
> Choose the best answer for each of the following multiple-choice questions. 1. Cost-volume-profit analysis includes some simplifying assumptions. Which of the following is not one of these assumptions? a. Cost and revenues are predictable. b. Cost and re
> Carmichael Corporation is in the process of preparing next year’s budget. The pro forma income statement for the current year is as follows: Required: 1. What is the break-even sales revenue (rounded to the nearest dollar) for Carmichae
> Sara Pacheco is a sophomore in college and earns a little extra money by making beaded key ring accessories. She sells them on Saturday mornings at the local f lea market. Sara charges $5 per unit and has unit variable costs (beads, wire rings, etc.) of
> Helmet-Pro Company produces helmets for bicycle racing. Currently, Helmet-Pro charges a price of $240 per helmet. Variable costs are $96 per helmet, and fixed costs are $1,255,800. The tax rate is 25 percent. Last year, 14,000 helmets were sold. Required
> Campbell Company manufactures and sells adjustable canopies that attach to motor homes and trailers. The market covers both new unit purchases as well as replacement canopies. Campbell developed its business plan for the year based on the assumption that
> Sports-Reps, Inc., represents professional athletes and movie and television stars. The agency had revenue of $12,345,000 last year, with total variable costs of $5,678,700 and fixed costs of $2,192,400. Required: 1. What is the contribution margin ratio
> Big Red Motors, Inc., employs 15 sales personnel to market its line of luxury automobiles. The average car sells for $75,000, and a 6 percent commission is paid to the salesperson. Big Red Motors is considering a change to the commission arrangement wher
> Jonah Graham owns and operates The Green Thumb Company (GTC), which provides live plants and f lower arrangements to professional offices. Jonah has fixed costs of $3,240 per month for office/greenhouse rent, advertising, and a delivery van. Variable cos
> Reagan, Inc., has developed a chew-proof dog bed—the Tuff-Pup. Fixed costs are $204,400 per year. The average price for the Tuff-Pup is $36, and the average variable cost is $22 per unit. Currently, Reagan produces and sells 20,000 Tuff-Pups annually. Re
> Schylar Pharmaceuticals, Inc., plans to sell 130,000 units of antibiotic at an average price of $22 each in the coming year. Total variable costs equal $1,086,800. Total fixed costs equal $8,000,000. (Round all ratios to four significant digits, and roun
> Davis Company produces two hair dryers: regular and deluxe. The company has four activities: machining, engineering, receiving, and inspection. Information on these activities and their drivers is given below. Overhead costs: Machining $24,000,000 Engine
> A value stream has three activities and two products. The units produced and shipped per week are 50 of the deluxe model (Model A) and 200 of the basic model (Model B). The cycle time for Model A is four hours and that of Model B is three hours. The reso
> Henderson, Inc., has just created five order fulfillment value streams, two focused and three that produce multiple products. The size of the plant in which the value streams are located is 100,000 square feet. The facility costs total $1,000,000 per yea
> Bienestar, Inc., implemented cellular manufacturing as recommended by a consultant. The production f low improved dramatically. However, the company was still faced with the competitive need to improve its cycle time so that the production rate is one bo
> Bienestar Inc., has the following departmental structure for producing a well-known multivitamin: A consultant designed the following cellular manufacturing structure for the same product: The times above the processes represent the time required to proc
> Helix, Inc., formed the following matrix for its five products: Required: Using the information in the matrix, identify the value streams.
> Holbrook Company gathered the following data for the past two years: Required: 1. Prepare a productivity profile for each year. 2. Prepare partial income statements for each year. Calculate the total change in income. 3. Calculate the change in profits a
> Suppose the following input prices are provided for each year: Required: 1. Compute the profit-linked productivity measure. By how much did profits increase due to productivity? 2. Calculate the price-recovery component for 20x2. Explain its meaning.
> Helena Company needs to increase its profits and so has embarked on a program to increase its overall productivity. After one year of operation, Kent Olson, manager of the Columbus plant, reported the following results for the base period and its most re
> Bellamy Company produces handcrafted pottery that uses two inputs: materials and labor. During the past quarter, 36,000 units were produced, requiring 144,000 pounds of materials and 72,000 hours of labor. An engineering efficiency study commissioned by
> Listed below are several possible input combinations for producing 7,500 units of a pocket PC. Two of the input combinations are technically efficient. Required: 1. Identify the technically efficient input combinations. Explain your choices. 2. Which of
> Larsen, Inc., produces two types of electronic parts and has provided the following data: There are four activities: machining, setting up, testing, and purchasing. Required: 1. Calculate the activity consumption ratios for each product. 2. Calculate the
> Refer to Brief Exercise 2-1. For next year, Bob’s Bistro predicts that 50,000 units will be produced with the following total costs: Direct materials = ? Direct labor = $ 100,000 Variable overhead = 60,000 Fixed overhead = 260,000 Next
> The following Box Scorecard was prepared for a value stream: Required: 1. How many nonfinancial measures are used to evaluate performance? Why are nonfinancial measures used? 2. Classify the operational measures as time-based, quality-based, or efficienc
> Rivera Manufacturing, Inc., has implemented lean manufacturing in its Kansas City plant as a pilot program. One of its value streams produces a family of small electric tools. The value-stream team managers were quite excited about the results, as some o
> Lanman, Inc., estimates its hidden external failure costs using the Taguchi loss function. Lanman produces plastic sheets that vary in thickness and grade. For one of its large-volume products, it was determined that k = $40,000 and T = 0.31 inches in di
