Question: An inventive child wants to reach an

> Compare and contrast these explanations of FDI: internalization theory and Knickerbocker's theory of FDI. Which theory do you think offers the best explanation of the historical pattern of FDI? Why?

> In 2008, inward FDI accounted for some 63.7 percent of gross fixed capital formation in Ireland, but only 4.1 percent in Japan (gross fixed capital formation refers to investments in fixed assets such as factories, warehouses, and retail stores). What do

> If you lived in a city with such diversity of people as Dubai, would you assimilate yourself with the people who are like you, or would you try to integrate into the overall community of all people?

> Reread the Management Focus, “Protecting U.S. Magnesium.” Who gains most from the antidumping duties levied by the United States on imports of magnesium from China and Russia? Who are the losers? Are these duties in the best national interests of the Uni

> You are an employee of an U.S. firm that produces personal computers in Thailand and then exports them to the United States and other countries for sale. The personal computers were originally produced in Thailand to take advantage of relatively low labo

> Given the arguments relating to the new trade theory and strategic trade policy, what kind of trade policy should business be pressuring government to adopt?

> Whose interests should be the paramount concern of government trade policy—the interests of producers (businesses and their employees) or those of consumers?

> Do you think that governments should consider human rights when granting preferential trading rights to countries? What are the arguments for and against taking such a position?

> Reread the Management Focus on Boeing and answer the following questions: a. What are the benefits to Boeing of outsourcing manufacturing of components for the Boeing 787 to firms based in other countries? b. What are the potential costs and risks to B

> If current trends continue, China may emerge as the world’s largest economy by 2030. Discuss the possible implications for such a development for (a) the world trading system; (b) the world monetary system; (c) the business strategy of today’s European-

> How does the Internet affect international business activity and the globalization of the world economy?

> Evaluate this statement: “Ultimately, the study of international business is no different from the study of domestic business. Thus, there is no point in having a separate course on international business.”

> How have changes in technology contributed toward the globalization of markets and production? Would the globalization of markets and production have been possible without these technological changes?

> What international staffing policy is AstraZeneca pursuing with regard to its “high-potential” employees?

> Evaluate this statement: “The study of international business is fine if you are going to work in a large multinational enterprise, but it has no relevance for individuals who are going to work in small firms.”

> You are the CFO of a Canadian firm that is considering building a $10 million factory in Russia to produce milk. The investment is expected to produce net cash flows of $3 million each year for the next 10 years, after which the investment will have to c

> You are the CFO of a U.S. firm whose wholly owned subsidiary in Mexico manufactures component parts for your U.S. assembly operations. The subsidiary has been financed by bank borrowings in the United States. One of your analysts told you that the Mexica

> Why might an accounting-based control system provide headquarters management with biased information about the performance of a foreign subsidiary? How can these biases best be corrected?

> Why do the accounting systems of different countries differ? Why do these differences matter?

> Why is diversity good for an international business? What actions can a company take to foster greater diversity?

> Reread the Management Focus on McDonald’s global compensation practices. How does McDonald’s approach help the company take into account local differences when reviewing the performance of different country managers and awarding bonus pay?

> In what ways can organized labor constrain the strategic choices of an international business? How can an international business limit these constraints?

> What is the link between an international business’s strategy and its human resource management policies, particularly with regard to the use of expatriate employees and their pay scale?

> Research suggests that many expatriate employees encounter problems that limit both their effectiveness in a foreign posting and their contribution to the company when they return home. What are the main causes and consequences of these problems, and how

> Why did Burberry initially choose a licensing strategy to expand its presence in Japan?

> What are the main advantages and disadvantages of the ethnocentric, polycentric, and geocentric approaches to staffing policy? When is each approach appropriate?

> You work for a company that designs and manufactures personal computers. Your company’s R&D center is in Michigan. The computers are manufactured under contract in Taiwan. Marketing strategy is delegated to the heads of three regional groups: a North Ame

> Price discrimination is indistinguishable from dumping. Discuss the accuracy of this statement.

> You are the marketing manager of a food products company that is considering entering the Indian market. The retail system in India tends to be very fragmented. Also, retailers and wholesalers tend to have long-term ties with Indian food companies; these

> Within 20 years, we will have seen the emergence of enormous global markets for standardized consumer products. Do you agree with this statement? Justify your answer.

> Imagine you are the marketing manager for a U.S. manufacturer of disposable diapers. Your firm is considering entering the Brazilian market. Your CEO believes the advertising message that has been effective in the United States will suffice in Brazil. Ou

> Reread the Country Focus feature on India and answer the following questions: a. What kind of economic system did India operate during 1947 to 1990? What kind of system is it moving toward today? What are the impediments to completing this transformatio

> You are a senior manager at a U.S. automobile company with the job of deciding whether to invest in production facilities in China, Russia, or Germany. These facilities will serve local market demand. Evaluate the benefits, costs, and risks associated wi

> What is the relationship among property rights, corruption, and economic progress? How important are anticorruption efforts in the effort to improve a country’s level of economic development?

> Reread the Management Focus on IKEA Production in China and then answer the following questions: a. What are the major benefits to IKEA of shifting so much of its global production to China? b. What are the risks associated with a heavy concentration of

> In terms of the strategic choice framework introduced in this part of the text, what strategy do you think IBM is pursuing today?

> To what extent does internalization theory explain Burberry’s experience in Japan?

> After falling from rest from a height of 30.0 m, a 0.500-kg ball rebounds upward, reaching a height of 20.0 m. If the contact between ball and ground lasted 2.00 ms, what average force was exerted on the ball?

> An object of mass m is dropped from the roof of a building of height h. While the object is falling, a wind blowing parallel to the face of the building exerts a constant horizontal force F on the object. (a) How long does it take the object to strike th

> A 970.-kg car starts from rest on a horizontal roadway and accelerates eastward for 5.00 s when it reaches a speed of 25.0 m/s. What is the average force exerted on the car during this time?

> Two forces are applied to a car in an effort to move it, as shown in Figure P4.12. (a) What is the resultant vector of these two forces? (b) If the car has a mass of 3000 kg, what acceleration does it have? Ignore friction. Figure P4.12

> A boat moves through the water with two forces acting on it. One is a 2.00 x 103-N forward push by the water on the propeller, and the other is a 1.80 x 103-N resistive force due to the water around the bow. (a) What is the acceleration of the 1.00 x 103

> A 5.0-g bullet leaves the muzzle of a rifle with a speed of 320 m/s. What force (assumed constant) is exerted on the bullet while it is traveling down the 0.82-m-long barrel of the rifle?

> The heaviest invertebrate is the giant squid, which is estimated to have a weight of about 2 tons spread out over its length of 70 feet. What is its weight in newtons?

> A 72-kg man stands on a spring scale in an elevator. Starting from rest, the elevator ascends, attaining its maximum speed of 1.2 m/s in 0.80 s. The elevator travels with this constant speed for 5.0 s, undergoes a uniform negative acceleration for 1.5 s,

> The board sandwiched between two other boards in Figure P4.91 weighs 95.5 N. If the coefficient of friction between the boards is 0.663, what must be the magnitude of the compression forces (assumed to be horizontal) acting on both sides of the center bo

> A fire helicopter carries a 620-kg bucket of water at the end of a 20.0-m-long cable. Flying back from a fire at a constant speed of 40.0 m/s, the cable makes an angle of 40.0° with respect to the vertical. Determine the force exerted by air resistance o

> If only one force acts on an object, can it be in equilibrium? Explain.

> The parachute on a race car of weight 8820 N opens at the end of a quarter-mile run when the car is traveling at 35.0 m/s. What total retarding force must be supplied by the parachute to stop the car in a distance of 1.00 x 103 m?

> A car accelerates down a hill (Fig. P4.87), going from rest to 30.0 m/s in 6.00 s. During the acceleration, a toy (m = 0.100 kg) hangs by a string from the car’s ceiling. The acceleration is such that the string remains perpendicular to

> A sled weighing 60.0 N is pulled horizontally across snow so that the coefficient of kinetic friction between sled and snow is 0.100. A penguin weighing 70.0 N rides on the sled, as in Figure P4.86. If the coefficient of static friction between penguin a

> Two boxes of fruit on a frictionless horizontal surface are connected by a light string as in Figure P4.85, where m1 = 10.0 kg and m2 = 20.0 kg. A force of 50.0 N is applied to the 20.0-kg box. (a) Determine the acceleration of each box and the tension i

> On an airplane’s takeoff, the combined action of the air around the engines and wings of an airplane exerts an 8000-N force on the plane, directed upward at an angle of 65.0° above the horizontal. The plane rises with constant velocity in the vertical di

> A 2.00-kg aluminum block and a 6.00-kg copper block are connected by a light string over a frictionless pulley. The two blocks are allowed to move on a fixed steel block wedge (of angle θ = 30.0°) as shown in Figure P4.83. Making

> Measuring coefficients of friction A coin is placed near one edge of a book lying on a table, and that edge of the book is lifted until the coin just slips down the incline as shown in Figure P4.82. The angle of the incline, θc, called the c

> A frictionless plane is 10.0 m long and inclined at 35.0°. A sled starts at the bottom with an initial speed of 5.00 m/s up the incline. When the sled reaches the point at which it momentarily stops, a second sled is released from the top of the incline

> A high diver of mass 70.0 kg steps off a board 10.0 m above the water and falls vertical to the water, starting from rest. If her downward motion is stopped 2.00 s after her feet first touch the water, what average upward force did the water exert on her

> A ball is thrown upward in the air by a passenger on a train that is moving with constant velocity. (a) Describe the path of the ball as seen by the passenger. Describe the path as seen by a stationary observer outside the train. (b) How would these obse

> A box rests on the back of a truck. The coefficient of static friction between the box and the bed of the truck is 0.300. (a) When the truck accelerates forward, what force accelerates the box? (b) Find the maximum acceleration the truck can have before

> Three objects are connected by light strings as shown in Figure P4.78. The string connecting the 4.00-kg object and the 5.00-kg object passes over a light frictionless pulley. Determine (a) The acceleration of each object and (b) The tension in the two s

> A boy coasts down a hill on a sled, reaching a level surface at the bottom with a speed of 7.00 m/s. If the coefficient of friction between the sled’s runners and the snow is 0.050 0 and the boy and sled together weigh 600. N, how far does the sled trave

> Choose the best answer. A car traveling at constant speed has a net force of zero acting on it. (a) True (b) False (c) The answer depends on the motion.

> A woman is standing on the Earth. In terms of magnitude, is her gravitational force on the Earth (a) Equal to, (b) Less than, or (c) Greater than the Earth’s gravitational force on her?

> A large crate of mass m is placed on the back of a truck but not tied down. As the truck accelerates forward with an acceleration a, the crate remains at rest relative to the truck. What force causes the crate to accelerate forward? (a) The normal force

> If an object is in equilibrium, which of the following statements is not true? (a) The speed of the object remains constant. (b) The acceleration of the object is zero. (c) The net force acting on the object is zero. (d) The object must be at rest. (e) T

> A crate remains stationary after it has been placed on a ramp inclined at an angle with the horizontal. Which of the following statements must be true about the magnitude of the frictional force that acts on the crate? (a) It is larger than the weight of

> A stuntman sitting on a tree limb wishes to drop vertically onto a horse galloping under the tree. The constant speed of the horse is 10.0 m/s, and the man is initially 3.00 m above the level of the saddle. (a) What must be the horizontal distance betwee

> In Bosnia, the ultimate test of a young man’s courage used to be to jump off a 400 - year - old bridge (destroyed in 1993; rebuilt in 2004) into the River Neretva, 23 m below the bridge. (a) How long did the jump last? (b) How fast was the jumper traveli

> A weightlifter stands on a bathroom scale. (a) As she pumps a barbell up and down, what happens to the reading on the scale? (b) Suppose she is strong enough to actually throw the barbell upward. How does the reading on the scale vary now?

> One of Aesop’s fables tells of a race between a tortoise and a hare. Suppose the overconfident hare takes a nap and wakes up to find the tortoise a distance d ahead and a distance L from the finish line. If the hare then begins running with constant spee

> A mountain climber stands at the top of a 50.0 - m cliff that overhangs a calm pool of water. She throws two stones vertically downward 1.00 s apart and observes that they cause a single splash. The first stone had an initial velocity of -2.00 m/s. (a) H

> Emily challenges her husband, David, to catch a $1 bill as follows. She holds the bill vertically as in Figure P2.67, with the center of the bill between David’s index finger and thumb. David must catch the bill after Emily releases it

> The thickest and strongest chamber in the human heart is the left ventricle, responsible during systole for pumping oxygenated blood through the aorta to rest of the body. Assume aortic blood starts from rest and accelerates at 22.5 m/s2 to a peak speed

> A ball thrown straight up into the air is found to be moving at 1.50 m/s after rising 2.00 m above its release point. Find the ball’s initial speed.

> A player holds two baseballs a height h above the ground. He throws one ball vertically upward at speed υ0 and the other vertically downward at the same speed. Calculate (a) The speed of each ball as it hits the ground and (b) The difference between thei

> A ball is thrown upward from the ground with an initial speed of 25 m/s; at the same instant, another ball is dropped from a building 15 m high. After how long will the balls be at the same height?

> An object is moving in the positive direction along the x - axis. Sketch plots of the object’s position vs. time and velocity vs. time if (a) its speed is constant, (b) it’s speeding up at a constant rate, and (c) it’s slowing down at a constant rate.

> An insect called the froghopper (Philaenus spumarius) has been called the best jumper in the animal kingdom. This insect can accelerate at over 4.0 x 103 m/s2 during a displacement of 2.0 mm as it straightens its specially equipped “jumping legs.” (a) As

> Mature salmon swim upstream, returning to spawn at their birthplace. During the arduous trip they leap vertically upward over waterfalls as high as 3.6 m. With what minimum speed must a salmon launch itself into the air to clear a 3.6 - m waterfall?

> Determine which of the following moving objects obey the equations of projectile motion developed in this topic. (a) A ball is thrown in an arbitrary direction. (b) A jet airplane crosses the sky with its engines thrusting the plane forward. (c) A rocket

> A student throws a set of keys vertically upward to his fraternity brother, who is in a window 4.00 m above. The brother’s outstretched hand catches the keys 1.50 s later. (a) With what initial velocity were the keys thrown? (b) What was the velocity of

> A speedboat moving at 30.0 m/s approaches a no-wake buoy marker 1.00 x 102 m ahead. The pilot slows the boat with a constant acceleration of -3.50 m/s2 by reducing the throttle. (a) How long does it take the boat to reach the buoy? (b) What is the veloci

> A bullet is fired through a board 10.0 cm thick in such a way that the bullet’s line of motion is perpendicular to the face of the board. If the initial speed of the bullet is 4.00 x 102 m/s and it emerges from the other side of the board with a speed of

> Colonel John P. Stapp, USAF, participated in studying whether a jet pilot could survive emergency ejection. On March 19, 1954, he rode a rocket- propelled sled that moved down a track at a speed of 632 mi/h (see Fig. P2.56). He and the sled were safely b

> A truck tractor pulls two trailers, one behind the other, at a constant speed of 1.00 x 102 km/h. It takes 0.600 s for the big rig to completely pass onto a bridge 4.00 x 102 m long. For what duration of time is all or part of the truck–trailer combinati

> A baseball is hit so that it travels straight upward after being struck by the bat. A fan observes that it takes 3.00 s for the ball to reach its maximum height. Find (a) The ball’s initial velocity and (b) The height it reaches.

> A model rocket is launched straight upward with an initial speed of 50.0 m/s. It accelerates with a constant upward acceleration of 2.00 m/s2 until its engines stop at an altitude of 150. m. (a) What can you say about the motion of the rocket after its e

> A package is dropped from a helicopter that is descending steadily at a speed υ0. After t seconds have elapsed, (a) What is the speed of the package in terms of υ0, g, and t? (b) What distance d is it from the helicopter in terms of g and t? (c) What are

> A tennis player tosses a tennis ball straight up and then catches it after 2.00 s at the same height as the point of release. (a) What is the acceleration of the ball while it is in flight? (b) What is the velocity of the ball when it reaches its maximum

> A small mailbag is released from a helicopter that is descending steadily at 1.50 m/s. After 2.00s (a) what is the speed of the mailbag, and (b) How far is it below the helicopter? (c) What are your answers to parts (a) and (b) if the helicopter is risin

> If you push on a heavy box that is at rest, you must exert some force to start its motion. Once the box is sliding, why does a smaller force maintain its motion?

> Traumatic brain injury such as concussion results when the head undergoes a very large acceleration. Generally, an acceleration less than 800 m/s2 lasting for any length of time will not cause injury, whereas an acceleration greater than 1000 m/s2 lastin

> An attacker at the base of a castle wall 3.65 m high throws a rock straight up with speed 7.40 m/s at a height of 1.55 m above the ground. (a) Will the rock reach the top of the wall? (b) If so, what is the rock’s speed at the top? If not, what initial s

> A certain freely falling object, released from rest, requires 1.50 s to travel the last 30.0 m before it hits the ground. (a) Find the velocity of the object when it is 30.0 m above the ground. (b) Find the total distance the object travels during the fa

> A ball is thrown directly downward with an initial speed of 8.00 m/s, from a height of 30.0 m. After what time interval does it strike the ground?

> A ball is thrown vertically upward with a speed of 25.0 m/s. (a) How high does it rise? (b) How long does it take to reach its highest point? (c) How long does the ball take to hit the ground after it reaches its highest point? (d) What is its velocity w

> A train 4.00 x 102 m long is moving on a straight track with a speed of 82.4 km/h. The engineer applies the brakes at a crossing, and later the last car passes the crossing with a speed of 16.4 km/h. Assuming constant acceleration, determine how long the

> A hockey player is standing on his skates on a frozen pond when an opposing player, moving with a uniform speed of 12 m/s, skates by with the puck. After 3.0 s, the first player makes up his mind to chase his opponent. If he accelerates uniformly at 4.0

> The kinematic equations can describe phenomena other than motion through space and time. Suppose x represents a person’s bank account balance. The units of x would be dollars ($), and velocity υ would give the rate at which the balance changes (in units

> In the Daytona 500 auto race, a Ford Thunderbird and a Mercedes Benz are moving side by side down a straightaway at 71.5 m/s. The driver of the Thunderbird realizes that she must make a pit stop, and she smoothly slows to a stop over a distance of 250 m.