The following excerpt is from the Racial Profiling Data Collection Resource Center. In 2006, the New York City Police Department stopped a half- million pedestrians for suspected criminal involvement. Raw statistics for these encounters suggest large racial disparities— 89 percent of the stops involved nonwhites. Do these statistics point to racial bias in police officers’ decisions to stop particular pedestrians? Do they indicate that officers are particularly intrusive when stopping nonwhites? Source: Published by Northeastern University. Write a report that answers the questions posed using the fact that 44% of New York City residents were classified as white in 2006. In your report, cite some shortcomings in using the proportion of white residents in the city to formulate likelihoods.
> In the game of golf, distance control is just as important as how far a player hits the ball. Michael went to the driving range with his range finder and hit 75 golf balls with his pitching wedge and measured the distance each ball traveled (in yards). H
> When obtaining a stratified sample, the number of individuals included within each stratum must be equal.
> Elena conducts an experiment in which she fills up the gas tank on her Toyota Camry 40 times and records the miles per gallon for each fill-up. A histogram of the miles per gallon (mpg) indicates that a normal distribution with a mean of 24.6 mpg and a s
> The lengths of human pregnancies are normally distributed with = 266 days and = 16 days. (a) The figure represents the normal curve with = 266 days and = 16 days. The area to the right of x = 280 days is 0.1908. Provide two interpretations of th
> The heights of 10-year-old males are normally distributed with mean = 55.9 inches and = 5.7 inches. (a) Draw a normal curve with the parameters labeled. (b) Shade the region that represents the proportion of 10-year- old males who are less than 46.5
> The birth weights of full-term babies are normally distributed with mean = 3400 grams and = 505 grams. Source: Based on data obtained from the National Vital Statistics Report, Vol. 48, No. 3. (a) Draw a normal curve with the parameters labeled. (b)
> The length of a 10-year- old female’s upper leg is approximately normally distributed with mean = 33.8 cm and standard deviation = 2.1 cm. Source: Vital and Health Statistics, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (a) Draw a normal curve with
> The length of a 4-year-old male’s upper arm is approximately normally distributed with mean = 21.8 cm and standard deviation = 2.0 cm. Source: Vital and Health Statistics, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (a) Draw a normal curve with the
> = 50 and = 5
> = 30 and = 10
>
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> Inferences based on voluntary response samples are generally not reliable.
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> One graph in the figure below represents a normal distribution with mean = 8 and standard deviation = 2. The other graph represents a normal distribution with mean = 14 and standard deviation = 2. Determine which graph is which and explain how yo
> One graph in the figure below represents a normal distribution with mean = 10 and standard deviation = 3. The other graph represents a normal distribution with mean m = 10 and standard deviation = 2. Determine which graph is which and explain how
> The relative frequency histogram on the following page represents the incubation times of a random sample of Rhode Island Red hens’ eggs.
> The relative frequency histogram represents the length of phone calls on my wife’s cell phone during the month of September.
> The relative frequency histogram represents the waiting times (in minutes) to ride the American Eagle Roller Coaster for 2000 randomly selected people on a Saturday afternoon in the summer.
> The relative frequency histogram represents the birth weights (in grams) of babies whose term was 36 weeks.
> The reaction time X (in minutes) of a certain chemical process follows a uniform probability distribution with / (a) Draw the graph of the density curve. (b) What is the probability that the reaction time is between 6 and 8 minutes? (c) What is the prob
> The random-number generator on calculators randomly generates a number between 0 and 1. The random variable X, the number generated, follows a uniform probability distribution. (a)Draw the graph of the uniform density function. (b) What is the probabilit
> When conducting a cluster sample, it is better to have fewer clusters with more individuals when the clusters are heterogeneous.
> Find the probability that your friend is no more than 5 minutes late.
> Find the probability that your friend is at least 20 minutes late.
> (a) Find the probability that your friend is between 15 and 25 minutes late. (b) It is 10 A.M. There is a 90% probability your friend will arrive within the next ___ minutes.
> (a) Find the probability that your friend is between 5 and 10 minutes late. (b) It is 10 A.M. There is a 40% probability your friend will arrive within the next ___ minutes.
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> A simple random sample is always preferred because it obtains the same information as other sampling plans but requires a smaller sample size.
> (a) A binomial experiment is performed a fixed number of times. Each repetition of the experiment is called a_____ . (b) For each repetition of a binomial experiment, there are two mutually exclusive outcomes:____ or_____ .
> State the criteria for a binomial probability experiment.
> When can the Empirical Rule be used to identify unusual results in a binomial experiment? Why can the Empirical Rule be used to identify results in a binomial experiment?
> Explain how the value of p, the probability of success, affects the shape of the distribution of a binomial random variable.
> Explain how the value of n, the number of trials in a binomial experiment, affects the shape of the distribution of a binomial random variable.
> Explain what “success” means in a binomial probability experiment.
> One measure of successful investing is being able to “beat the market.” To beat the market in any given year, an investor must earn a rate of return greater than the rate of return of some market basket of stocks, such as the Dow Jones Industrial Average
> Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN), also known as Lyell’s syndrome, is a life- threatening disease characterized by blisters that cover the skin and extensive peeling off of skin. In a double-blind, randomized, placebo- controlled study of the effects of a
> The negative binomial probability distribution can be used to compute the probability of the random variable X, the number of trials necessary to observe r successes of a binomial experiment. The probability distribution function is given by Consider a r
> A probability distribution for the random variable X, the number of trials until a success is observed, is called the geometric probability distribution. It has the same criteria as the binomial distribution (see page 313), except that the number of tria
> When taking a systematic random sample of size n, every group of size n from the population has the same chance of being selected.
> According to the High School Athletics Participation Survey, approximately 55% of students enrolled in high schools participate in athletic programs. You are performing a study of high school students and would like at least 11 students in the study t
> Historically, the probability that a passenger will miss a flight is 0.0995. Source: Passenger-Based Predictive Modeling of Airline No-show Rates by Richard D. Lawrence, Se June Hong, and Jacques Cherrier. Airlines do not like flights with empty seats, b
> In an election for President of the United States, a pollster wishes to predict the winner of the popular vote. She will do this by taking a random sample of 1000 voters and ask each to disclose who he/she will vote for. Assume the election is a dichotom
> In May, 2000, the Gallup Organization reported that 11% of adult Americans had a great deal of trust and confidence in the federal government handling domestic issues. Suppose a survey of a random sample of 1100 adult Americans finds that 84 have a great
> In March 1995, The Harris Poll reported that 80% of parents spank their children. Suppose a recent poll of 1030 adult Americans with children finds that 781 indicated that they spank their children. If we assume parents’ attitude toward spanking has not
> Clarinex-D is a medication whose purpose is to reduce the symptoms associated with a variety of allergies. In clinical trials of Clarinex-D, 5% of the patients in the study experienced insomnia as a side effect. (a) If 240 users of Clarinex-D are randoml
> In the Healthy Handwashing Survey conducted by Bradley Corporation, it was found that 64% of adult Americans operate the flusher of toilets in public restrooms with their foot. (a) If 500 adult Americans are randomly selected, how many would we expect t
> In a recent poll, the Gallup Organization found that 45% of adult Americans believe that the overall state of moral values in the United States is poor. (a) Compute the mean and standard deviation of the random variable X, the number of adults who believ
> According to flightstats.com, American Airlines flights from Dallas to Chicago are on time 80% of the time. Suppose 100 flights are randomly selected. (a) Compute the mean and standard deviation of the random variable X, the number of on-time flights in
> A(n)_____sample is obtained by dividing the population into homogeneous groups and randomly selecting individuals from each group.
> According to paint manufacturer DuPont, 6% of all cars worldwide are red. In the Sullivan Statistics Survey, of 175 respondents, 17, or 9.7%, indicated the color of their car is red. Determine if the results of the Sullivan Survey contradict those of DuP
> Twelve jurors are randomly selected from a population of 3 million residents. Of these 3 million residents, it is known that 45% are Hispanic. Of the 12 jurors selected, 2 are Hispanic. (a) What proportion of the jury described is Hispanic? (b) If 12 jur
> According to a study done by Nick Wilson of Otago University Wellington, the probability a randomly selected individual will cover his or her mouth with a tissue, handkerchief, or elbow (the method recommended by public health officials) when sneezing is
> According to a study done by Nick Wilson of Otago University Wellington, the probability a randomly selected individual will not cover his or her mouth when sneezing is 0.267. Suppose you sit on a bench in a mall and observe people’s habits as they sneez
> Clarinex-D is a medication whose purpose is to reduce the symptoms associated with a variety of allergies. In clinical trials of Clarinex-D, 5% of the patients in the study experienced insomnia as a side effect. A random sample of 20 Clarinex-D users is
> In the Healthy Handwashing Survey conducted by Bradley Corporation, it was found that 64% of adult Americans operate the flusher of toilets in public restrooms with their foot. Suppose a random sample of n = 20 adult Americans is obtained and the number
> In a recent poll, the Gallup Organization found that 45% of adult Americans believe that the overall state of moral values in the United States is poor. Suppose a survey of a random sample of 25 adult Americans is conducted in which they are asked to dis
> According to flightstats.com, American Airlines flights from Dallas to Chicago are on time 80% of the time. Suppose 15 flights are randomly selected, and the number of on-time flights is recorded. (a) Explain why this is a binomial experiment. (b) Determ
> n = 9, p = 0.8
> n = 10, p = 0.5
> What is random sampling? Why is it used and how does it compare with convenience sampling?
> Number of siblings
> Following the 2018 national midterm election, 18% of the governors of the 50 United States were female. Source: National Governors Association
> Create a file using any word-processing program or text editor. Write an application that prompts the user for the filename and displays the file’s path, name, folder, size, and time of last modification. Save the file as FileStatistics.java.
> Create an Exception class named GradeException that contains a static public array of valid grade letters (A, B, C, D, F, and I) that you can use to determine whether a grade is valid. Save the file as GradeException.java. b. Write an application that di
> Create a ScoreException class that extends Exception and whose constructor accepts a String parameter and passes it to the Exception class constructor. Save the file as ScoreException.java. b. Write an application in which you store at least five student
> Create a UsedCarException class that extends Exception; its constructor receives a value for a vehicle identification number (VIN) that is passed to the parent constructor so it can be used in a getMessage() call. Save the class as UsedCarException.java.
> Create a CourseException class that extends the Java Exception class and whose constructor receives a String that holds a college course’s department (for example, CIS), a course number (for example, 101), and a number of credits (for example, 3). Save t
> Write an application that prompts the user to enter an integer and displays its square root. Accept the user’s entry as a String using the nextLine() method. Then try to use the Integer.parseInt() method to convert the String to an integer. If the conver
> Write a program that prompts the user to enter an integer that represents an array size. Java generates a NumberFormatException if the user attempts to enter a noninteger value using nextInt(). Handle this exception by displaying an appropriate error mes
> Write a program that accepts a number of quarts from a user and converts the value to gallons. Include exception-handling capabilities in the program so that while any nonnumeric value is entered, the program continually displays an error message, reprom
> The Double.parseDouble() method requires a String argument, but it fails if the String cannot be converted to a floating-point number. Write an application in which you try accepting a double input from a user and catch a NumberFormatException if one is
> In a “You Do It” section of this chapter, you created a CalculatorDemo program that asked the user to solve an arithmetic problem and provided the Windows system calculator for assistance. Now modify that program to include the following improvements: ❯❯
> Throughout the Case Problems in this course, you have been using an Event class to store data about events for Yummy Catering. Now, create an application that prompts the user for details about eight Event objects, and create a data file that contains ea
> Serendipity Gifts accepts user orders for its products interactively. Users might make the following errors as they enter data: ❯❯ The item number ordered is not numeric, too low (less than 0), or too high (more than 9
> Create a DataEntryException class whose getMessage() method returns information about invalid integer data. Save the file as DataEntryException.java. b. Write a program named GetIDAndAge that continually prompts the user for an integer ID number and an
> Write an application named BadSubscriptCaught in which you declare an array of eight first names. Write a try block in which you prompt the user for an integer and display the name in the requested position. Create a catch block that catches the potentia
> The Talk-A-Lot Cell Phone Company provides phone services for its customers. Create an abstract class named PhoneCall that includes a String field for a phone number and a double field for the price of the call. Also include a constructor that requires a
> Create an abstract class named Book. Include a String field for the Book’s title and a double field for the book’s price. Within the class, include a constructor that requires the book title, and add two get methods—one that returns the title and one tha
> Create a class named Rock that acts as a superclass for rock samples collected and catalogued by a natural history museum. The Rock class contains fields for a number of samples, a description of the type of rock, and the weight of the rock in grams. Inc
> Create a class named Pizza with a String array data field that can hold the names of up to 10 pizza toppings. Also include a field for the price. Include a constructor that takes two parameters: the array of toppings and the number of toppings stored in
> Create a class named BaseballGame that contains data fields for two team names. Include a two-dimensional array that can hold the scores for each of two teams in each inning of the game. The BaseballGame class includes a final int that represents the n
> Create a class named Poem that contains fields for the name of the Poem and the number of lines in it. Include a constructor that requires values for both fields. Also include get methods to retrieve field values. Save the file as Poem.java. b. Create th
> Create a TeeShirt class for Tamjeed’s Tee Shirt Company. Fields include an order number, size, color, and price. Create set methods for the order number, size, and color, and create get methods for all four fields. The price is determined by the size: $2
> In Chapter 9, you created an interactive LessonWithRentalDemo class that obtains data for four rentals from Sunshine Seashore Supplies, including details about the contract number, length of the rental, and equipment type. After data entry, the applicati
> Create a class named Candle for a candle-making business. Include data fields for color, height, and price. Create get methods for all three fields. Create set methods for color and height, but not for price. Instead, when height is set, determine the pr
> Create a record named Inventor that stores two Strings: the name of an inventor and the inventor’s country of origin. Save the file as Inventor.java. b. Create an Invention class with three fields: a String description of the invention, an Inventor objec
> Create an interface called Runner. The interface has an abstract method called run(). Save the file as Runner.java. b. Create classes called Machine, Athlete, and PoliticalCandidate that all implement Runner. The run() method displays a message describin
> Create an abstract class called GeometricFigure. Each figure includes a height, a width, and a String figure type. Include an abstract method to determine the area of the figure. Save the file as GeometricFigure.java. b. Create two subclasses of Geometr
> Create an interface named Turner, with a single method named turn(). Save the file as Turner.java. b. Create a class named Leaf that implements turn() to display Changing colors. Create a class named Page that implements turn() to display Going to the ne
> Create a class named Blanket with fields for a Blanket’s size, color, material, and price. Include a constructor that sets default values for the fields as Twin, white, cotton, and $30.00. Include a set method for each of the first three fields. The meth
> Create an abstract Division class with fields for a company’s division name and account number, and an abstract display() method. Use a constructor in the superclass that requires values for both fields. Save the file as Division.java. b. Create two sub
> Create a class named Horse that contains data fields for the name, color, and birth year. Include get and set methods for these fields. Save the file as Horse.java. b. Create a subclass of Horse named RaceHorse, which contains an additional field that ho
> Create a class named Purchase. Each Purchase contains an invoice number, amount of sale, and amount of sales tax. Include set methods for the invoice number and sale amount. Within the set method for the sale amount, calculate the sales tax as 5 percent
