What is structural independence, and why is it important?
> Create the basic Crow’s Foot ERD for Tiny College.
> How would you model Question 6 with an OODM? (Use Figure 2.4 as your guide.)
> Identify each relationship type and write all of the business rules.
> Create the basic Crow’s Foot ERD for DealCo.
> Identify each relationship type and write all of the business rules.
> Using the ERD you drew in Problem 2, create the equivalent Object representation and UML class diagram. (Use Figure 2.4 as your guide.) Data from problem 2: Figure P2.2b The Chen ERD for Problem 2 Chen model 1 M. AGENT serves CUSTOMER
> Given the business rule(s) you wrote in Problem 1, create the basic Crow’s Foot ERD.
> Using the ERD from Problem 10, create the relational schema. (Create an appropriate collection of attributes for each of the entities. Make sure you use the appropriate naming conventions to name the attributes.)
> United Broke Artists (UBA) is a broker for not-so-famous painters. UBA maintains a small network database to track painters, paintings, and galleries. A painting is painted by a particular artist, and that painting is exhibited in a particular gallery.
> Write the business rule(s) that governs the relationship between AGENT and CUSTOMER.
> Write the business rules that are reflected in the ERD shown in Figure P2.17.
> Create a Crow’s Foot ERD for each of the following descriptions. (Note: The word many merely means “more than one” in the database modeling environment.) a. Each of the MegaCo Corporation’s divisions is composed of many departments. Each of those departm
> What is the difference between an object and a class in the object-oriented data model (OODM)?
> Write the business rules that are reflected in the ERD shown in Figure P2.15. (Note that the ERD reflects some simplifying assumptions. For example, each book is written by only one author. Also, remember that the ERD is always read from the “1” to the “
> Create a Crow’s Foot ERD to include the following business rules for the ProdCo company: a. Each sales representative write many invoices. b. Each invoice is written by one sales representative. c. Each sales representative is assigned to one department.
> Describe the relationships (identify the business rules) depicted in the Crow’s Foot ERD shown in Figure P2.13.
> Convert the ERD from Problem 10 into the corresponding UML class diagram.
> Using your school’s student information system, print your class schedule. The schedule probably would contain the student identification number, student name, class code, class name, class credit hours, class instructor name, the class
> Given the file structure shown in Figure P1.9, what problem(s) might you encounter if building KOM were deleted? FIGURE P1.9 The File Structure for Problems 9-10 BUILDING CODE ROOM_CODE TEACHER LNAME TEACHER_FNAME TEACHER_INITIAL DAYS_TIME : Ком 204
> Identify and discuss the serious data redundancy problems exhibited by the file structure shown in Figure P1.9. (The file is meant to be used as a teacher class assignment schedule. One of the many problems with data redundancy is the likely occurrence o
> Given your answer to Problem 7, what new files should you create to help eliminate the data redundancies found in the file shown in Figure P1.5? FIGURE P1.5 The File Structure for Problems 5-8 PROJ_NUM PROJ_NAME EMP_NUM EMP_NAME JOB_CODE JOB_CHG_HOU
> Identify the various data sources in the file you examined in Problem 5. Data from problem 5: FIGURE P1.5 The File Structure for Problems 5-8 PROJ_NUM PROJ_NAME EMP_NUM EMP_NAME JOB_CODE JOB_CHG_HOUR PROJ_HOURS EMP_PHONE 1 Hurricane 101 John D. News
> Looking at the EMP_NAME and EMP_PHONE contents in Figure P1.5, what change(s) would you recommend? FIGURE P1.5 The File Structure for Problems 5-8 PROJ_NUM PROJ_NAME EMP_NUM JOB_CODE JOB_CHG_HOUR PROJ_HOURS EMP_PHONE 13.3 653-234-3245 EMP_NAME 1 Hur
> Why is an object said to have greater semantic content than an entity?
> Identify and discuss the serious data redundancy problems exhibited by the file structure shown in Figure P1.5. FIGURE P1.5 The File Structure for Problems 5-8 PROJ_NUM PROJ_NAME EMP_NUM EMP_NAME |JOB_CODE JOB_CHG_HOUR PROJ_HOURS EMP_PHONE 1 Hurrica
> Given the file structure shown in Figure P1.1, what data redundancies do you detect? How could those redundancies lead to anomalies? FIGURE P1.1 The File Structure for Problems 1-4 PROJECT_CODE PROJECT_MANAGER MANAGER_PHONE 21-5Z 25-2D 25-5A 25-9T 2
> What is data independence, and why is it lacking in file systems?
> What is data redundancy, and which characteristics of the file system can lead to it?
> Define each of the following terms:
> Identify the foreign keys. Data from FIGURE Q3.18 The Ch03_Theater Database Tables: Table name: DIRECTOR Database name: Ch03_The ater DIR_NUM DIR_LNAME DIR_DOB 100 Broadway 12-Jan-65 101 Hollywoody 18-Nov-53 102 Goofy 21-Jun-62 Table name: PLAY PLA
> Identify the primary keys. Data from FIGURE Q3.18 The Ch03_Theater Database Tables: Table name: DIRECTOR Database name: Ch03_The ater DIR_NUM DIR_LNAME DIR_DOB 100 Broadway 12-Jan-65 101 Hollywoody 18-Nov-53 102 Goofy 21-Jun-62 Table name: PLAY PLA
> Identify and describe the components of the table shown in Figure Q3.21, using correct terminology. Use your knowledge of naming conventions to identify the table’s probable foreign key(s).
> How would you implement a l:M relationship in a database composed of two tables? Give an example.
> What are homonyms and synonyms, and why should they be avoided in database design?
> Consider the scenario described by the statement “A customer can make many payments, but each payment is made by only one customer” as the basis for an entity relationship diagram (ERD) representation.
> Suppose that you have the ERM shown in Figure Q3.18. How would you convert this model into an ERM that displays only 1:M relationships? (Make sure that you draw the revised ERM.) FIGURE Q3.14 The Crow's Foot ERD for Question 18 DRIVER TRUCK drives
> Explain why the cost of ownership may be lower with a cloud database than with a traditional, company database.
> Explain the significance of the loss of direct, hands-on access to business data that users experienced with the advent of computerized data repositories.
> What common problems do a collection of spreadsheets created by end users share with the typical file system?
> What are some basic database functions that a spreadsheet cannot perform?
> Use examples to compare and contrast unstructured and structured data. Which type is more prevalent in a typical business environment?
> What are the potential costs of implementing a database system?
> Explain why database design is important.
> What is metadata?
> What are the main components of a database system?
> Explain how the entity relationship (ER) model helped produce a more structured relational database design environment.
> List and describe the different types of databases.
> What is the role of a DBMS, and what are its advantages? What are its disadvantages?
> Explain the differences between data, information, and a database
> What is a DBMS, and what are its functions?
> Create the table that would result from πstu_code(student).
> Using the STUDENT and PROFESSOR tables shown in Figure Q3.8 to illustrate the difference between a natural join, an equijoin, and an outer join.
> A database user manual notes that, “The file contains two hundred records, each record containing nine fields.” Use appropriate relational database terminology to “translate” that statement
> Explain why the data dictionary is sometimes called "the database designer's database."
> Which relational algebra operators can be applied to a pair of tables that are not union-compatible?
> Describe the basic features of the relational data model and discuss their importance to the end user and the designer.
> What are the requirements that two relations must satisfy in order to be considered union-compatible?
> Why are entity integrity and referential integrity important in a database?
> What does it mean to say that a database displays both entity integrity and referential integrity?
> Using the tables in Figure Q3.13, create the table that results from MACHINE DIFFERENCE BOOTH. Database name: Ch03_VendingCo Table name: BOOTH Table name: MACHINE MACHINE_PRODUCT MACHINE_PRICE BOOTH_PRODUCT BOOTH_PRICE Chips 1.5 Chips Chocolate Bar
> Create the table that results from applying an INTERSECT relational operator to the tables shown in Fig Q3.13. Database name: Ch03_VendingCo Table name: BOOTH Table name: MACHINE MACHINE_PRODUCT MACHINE_PRICE BOOTH_PRODUCT BOOTH_PRICE Chips 1.5 Chip
> Create the table that results from applying an INTERSECT relational operator to the tables shown in Fig Q3.13. Database name: Ch03_VendingCo Table name: BOOTH Table name: MACHINE MACHINE_PRODUCT MACHINE_PRICE BOOTH_PRODUCT BOOTH_PRICE Chips 1.5 Chip
> Create the table that results from applying a UNION relational operator to the tables shown in Fig Q3.13. Database name: Ch03_VendingCo Table name: BOOTH Table name: MACHINE MACHINE_PRODUCT MACHINE_PRICE BOOTH_PRODUCT BOOTH_PRICE Chips 1.5 Chips Cho
> Write the relational algebra formula to apply a UNION relational operator to the tables shown in Figure Q3.13. Database name: Ch03_VendingCo Table name: BOOTH Table name: MACHINE MACHINE_PRODUCT MACHINE_PRICE BOOTH_PRODUCT BOOTH_PRICE Chips 1.5 Chip
> Create the relational diagram for the database shown in Figure Q3.8. Data from problem 8: Table name: STUDENT Database name: Ch03_CollegeQue STU_CODE PROF CODE 100278 128569 2 512272 4 531235 2 531268 553427 1 Table name: PROFESSOR PROF_CODE DEPT_C
> Create the basic ERD for the database shown in Figure Q3.8.
> How do you translate business rules into data model components?
> Create the table that would result from πstu_ode, dept_code (student ⋈ professor).
> What is the difference between a database and a table?
> What would be the conceptual view of the INDEX table that is described in question 26? Depict the contents of the conceptual INDEX table. Data from FIGURE Q3.18 The Ch03_Theater Database Tables: Table name: DIRECTOR Database name: Ch03_The ater DIR
> Suppose you wanted quick lookup capability to get a listing of all plays directed by a given director. Which table would be the basis for the INDEX table, and what would be the index key? Data from FIGURE Q3.18 The Ch03_Theater Database Tables: Tab
> Create the relational diagram to show the relationship between DIRECTOR and PLAY. Data from FIGURE Q3.18 The Ch03_Theater Database Tables: Table name: DIRECTOR Database name: Ch03_The ater DIR_NUM DIR_LNAME DIR_DOB 100 Broadway 12-Jan-65 101 Hollyw
> Create the ERM. Data from FIGURE Q3.18 The Ch03_Theater Database Tables: Table name: DIRECTOR Database name: Ch03_The ater DIR_NUM DIR_LNAME DIR_DOB 100 Broadway 12-Jan-65 101 Hollywoody 18-Nov-53 102 Goofy 21-Jun-62 Table name: PLAY PLAY_NAME 1001
> What is physical independence?
> What is logical independence?
> Using the example of a medical clinic with patients and tests, provide a simple representation of how to model this example using the relational model and how it would be represented using the key-value data modeling technique.
> Define and describe the basic characteristics of a NoSQL database
> What is a business rule, and what is its purpose in data modeling?
> What is sparse data? Give an example.
> What is Haddop and what are its basic components?
> What does the term “3 vs” refers to?
> Describe the Big Data phenomenon.
> What is connectivity? (Use a Crow’s Foot ERD to illustrate connectivity.)
> What is a relational diagram? Give an example.
> What is a table, and what role does it play in the relational model?
> Give an example of each of the three types of relationships.
> What is a relationship, and what three types of relationships exist?
> What is an ERDM, and what role does it play in the modern (production) database environment?
> Discuss the importance of data modeling.
> McCarthy, CPA, was engaged to audit the financial statements of Kent Company, a continuing audit client. McCarthy is about to audit Kent’s payroll transactions. Kent uses an in-house payroll department to process payroll data and to pre
> A CPA’s audit documentation (working papers) contains a narrative description of a segment of the Croyden Factory, Inc., payroll system and an accompanying flowchart (see below). Narrative The internal control system with respect to the personnel departm
> You have been hired by Morris & Son, Inc., to manage its human resource department. As a first step, you want to determine personnel needs and assigned duties in order to prevent errors and fraud in the financial statements. Required: How many people wo
> You are engaged to perform an audit of the Giordani Corporation for the year ended December 31, 2018. You have decided to perform the following cutoff test for payables and accruals. Select all items greater than $25,000 for two business days before and
> Coltrane, CPA, is auditing Jang Wholesaling Company’s financial statements and is about to perform substantive audit procedures on Jang’s trade accounts payable balances. After obtaining an understanding of Jang’s internal control for accounts payable, C
> In 2018, Kida Company purchased more than $10 million worth of office equipment under its “special” ordering system, with individual orders ranging from $5,000 to $30,000. “Special” orders entail low-volume items that have been included in an authorized
> The flowchart shown below depicts the activities relating to the purchasing, receiving, and accounts payable departments of Model Company, Inc. Required: Based only on the flowchart, describe the control activities that most likely would provide reason
> You are the auditor for KPDZ Corporation. You gathered comparative information for inventory and accounts payable and calculated the days purchases in accounts payable. Required: Prepare a list of possible concerns that you might have about potential m
> You are engaged to audit the Ferrick Corporation for the year ended December 31, 2018. Only merchandise shipped by the Ferrick Corporation to customers up to and including December 30, 2018, has been eliminated from inventory. The inventory as determined
> During the year, Strang Corporation began to encounter cash-flow difficulties, and 10-15 a cursory review by management revealed receivable collection problems. Strang’s management engaged Stanley, CPA, to perform a special investigation. Stanley studie
> What are the primary elements involved in the planning phase of an audit?
