What is the difference between strong and weak semaphores?
> Getty Oil Company (Getty) operates a separation facility where it gathers gas and oil from wells and transmits them to an outgoing pipeline under high pressure. Getty engineers designed and produced a pressure vessel, called a fluid booster that was to b
> Ronald Wayne Smith was employed by Modesto High School as a temporary math instructor. In addition, he coached the girls’ baseball and basketball teams. The contract under which he was employed stated that he “may be required to devote a reasonable amoun
> Immar Medrano was employed as a journeyman electrician by Marshall Electrical Contracting, Inc. (MEC), in Marshall, Missouri. Medrano attended an electrician apprenticeship night class at a community college in Sedalia, Missouri. MEC paid Medrano’s tuiti
> Intrastate Radiotelephone, Inc., was a public utility that supplied radiotelephone utility service to the general public for radiotelephones, pocket pagers, and beepers. Robert Kranhold, an employee of Intrastate, was authorized to use his personal vehic
> Dr. Graham Wood purchased a cashier’s check in the amount of $6,000 from Central Bank of the South (Bank). The check was made payable to Ken Walker and was delivered to him. Eleven months later, Bank’s branch manager informed Wood that the cashier’s chec
> Ray Johnson and his 8-yearold son David were waiting for a “Walk” sign before crossing a street in downtown Salt Lake City. A truck owned by Newspaper Agency Corporation (NAC) and operated by its employee, Donald Rogers, crossed the intersection and jump
> Yvonne Sanchez borrowed money from MBank to purchase an automobile. She gave MBank a security interest in the vehicle as collateral to secure the loan. When Sanchez defaulted on the loan, MBank hired El Paso Recovery Service, an independent contractor, t
> Marc Brandon worked for Warner Bros. Entertainment, Inc. (Warner), as vice president of antipiracy internet operations. Brandon drove his car from his home in southern California to the Burbank Airport, where he parked his car in an airport parking lot.
> Jesse Spires was employed as a welder by Johnson Welded Products, Inc. Johnson Welded Products provides a lunchroom equipped with a microwave, refrigerator, and vending machine for sandwiches, snacks, and drinks. Spires worked a shift that ran from 3:15
> Hagues, husband and wife, owned a 160-acre tract that they decided to sell. They entered into a listing agreement with Harvey C. Hilgendorf, a licensed real estate broker, that gave Hilgendorf the exclusive right to sell the property for a period of 12 m
> Iota Management Corporation entered into a contract to purchase the Bel Air West Motor Hotel in the city of St. Louis from Boulevard Investment Company. The agreement contained the following warranty: “Seller has no actual notice of any substantial defec
> Robert Bolus was engaged in various businesses in which he sold and repaired trucks. He decided to build a truck repair facility in Bartonsville, Pennsylvania. Bolus contacted United Penn Bank (Bank) to obtain financing for the project and was referred t
> As a result of marital problems, Howard R. Bankerd “left for the west,” and Virginia Bankerd, his wife, continued to reside in their jointly owned home. Before his departure, Howard executed a power of attorney to Arthur V. King, which authorized King to
> Mercedes Connolly and her husband purchased airline tickets and a tour package for a tour to South Africa from Judy Samuelson, a travel agent conducting business as International Tours of Manhattan. Samuelson sold tickets for a variety of airline compani
> Lapp Roofing and Sheet Metal Company, Inc., is an Ohio corporation headquartered in Dayton, Ohio. The company provides construction services in several states. Lapp Roofing sent James Goldick and other Lapp Roofing employees to work on a roofing project
> The Grand Island Production Credit Association (Grand Island) is a federally chartered credit union. Carl M. and Beulah C. Humphrey, husband and wife, entered into a loan arrangement with Grand Island for a $50,000 line of credit. Mr. and Mrs. Humphrey s
> The Record Company, Inc. (The Record Company),entered into a purchase agreement to buy certain retail record stores from Bummbusiness, Inc. (Bummbusiness). All assets and inventory were included in the deal. The Record Company agreed to pay Bummbusiness
> Peter and Geraldine Tabala (Debtors), husband and wife, purchased a house in Clarkstown, New York. They purchased a Carvel ice cream business for $70,000 with a loan obtained from People’s National Bank. In addition, the Carvel Corporation extended trade
> Margaret Kawaauhau sought treatment from Dr. Paul Geiger for a foot injury. Dr. Geiger examined Kawaauhau and admitted her to the hospital to attend to the risks of infection. Although Dr. Geiger knew that intravenous penicillin would have been a more ef
> Donald Wayne Doyle (Debtor) obtained a guaranteed student loan to enroll in a school for training truck drivers. Due to his impending divorce, Debtor never attended the program. The first monthly installment of approximately $50 to pay the student loan b
> James F. Kost filed a voluntary petition for relief under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code. First Interstate Bank of Greybull (First Interstate) held a first mortgage on the debtor’s residence near Basin, Wyoming. Appraisals and other evidence showed th
> Dr. Morris Lebovitz and Kerrye Hill Lebovitz, husband and wife, were residents of the state of Tennessee. Dr. Lebovitz filed for bankruptcy protection as a result of illness. Mrs. Lebovitz (Debtor) filed for bankruptcy because she had co-signed on a larg
> Harder & Sons, Inc., an International Harvester dealership in Ionia, Michigan, sold a used International Harvester 1066 diesel tractor to Terry Blaser on an installment contract. Although the contract listed Blaser’s address as Ionia County, Blaser infor
> Mike Thurmond operated Top Quality Auto Sales, a used car dealership. Top Quality financed its inventory of vehicles by obtaining credit under a financing arrangement with Indianapolis Car Exchange (ICE). ICE filed a financing statement that listed Top Q
> Heritage Ford Lincoln Mercury, Inc. (Heritage) was in the business of selling new cars. Heritage entered into an agreement with Ford Motor Credit Company (Ford) whereby Ford extended a continuing line of credit to Heritage to purchase vehicles. Heritage
> Prior Brothers, Inc. (PBI), began financing its farming operations through Bank of California, N.A. (Bank). Bank’s loans were secured by PBI’s equipment and after-acquired property. Bank immediately filed a financing statement, perfecting its security in
> John Waddell Construction Company (Waddell) maintained a checking account at the Longview Bank & Trust Company (Longview Bank). Waddell drafted a check from this account made payable to two payees, Engineered Metal Works (Metal Works) and E. G. Smith Con
> Joseph H. Jones and others (debtors) borrowed money from Columbus Junction State Bank (Bank) and executed a security agreement in favor of Bank. Bank perfected its security interest by filing financing statements covering “equipment, farm products, crops
> C&H Trucking, Inc. (C&H), borrowed $19,747.56 from S&D Petroleum Company, Inc. (S&D). S&D hired Clifton M. Tamsett to prepare a security agreement naming C&H as the debtor and giving S&D a security interest in a new Mack truck. The security agreement pre
> PSC Metals, Inc. (PSC), entered into an agreement whereby it extended credit to Keystone Consolidated Industries, Inc., and took back a security interest in personal property owned by Keystone. PSC filed a financing statement with the state, listing the
> Elizabeth Valentine purchased a home in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. She applied for and received a home loan from Salmon Building and Loan Association (Salmon) for the purpose of paneling the cellar walls and redecorating the house. Salmon took a securit
> Jessie Lynch became seriously ill and needed medical attention. Her sister, Ethel Sales, took her to the Forsyth Memorial Hospital in North Carolina for treatment. Lynch was admitted for hospitalization. Sales signed Lynch’s admission form, which include
> Sally Fitch obtained a loan from Buffalo Federal Savings and Loan Association (Buffalo Federal). She signed a promissory note for $130,000 with interest at 17 percent. The loan was secured with a real estate mortgage on property owned by Fitch located in
> Elmer and Arletta Hans, husband and wife, owned a parcel of real property in Illinois. They borrowed $100,000 from First Illinois National Bank (First Illinois) and executed a note and mortgage to First Illinois, making the real estate security for the l
> Atlantic Ocean Kampgrounds, Inc. (Atlantic) borrowed $60,000 from Camden National Bank (Camden National) and executed a note and mortgage on property located in Camden, Maine, securing that amount. Maine permits strict foreclosure. Atlantic defaulted on
> Ironwood Exploration, Inc. (Ironwood) owned a lease on oil and gas property located in Duchesne County, Utah. Ironwood contracted to have Lantz Drilling and Exploration Company, Inc. (Lantz), drill an oil well on the property. Thereafter, Lantz rented eq
> Mr. Gennone maintained a checking account at Peoples National Bank & Trust Company of Pennsylvania (Bank). Gennone noticed that he was not receiving his bank statements and canceled checks. When Gennone contacted Bank, he was informed that the statements
> David M. Fox was a distributor of tools manufactured and sold by Matco Tools Corporation (Matco). Cox purchased tools from Matco, using a credit line that he repaid as the tools were sold. The credit line was secured by Cox’s Matco tool inventory. In ord
> What is the relationship between FIFO and clock page replacement algorithms?
> What is the difference between resident set management and page replacement policy?
> Briefly define the alternative page fetch policies.
> What is the purpose of a translation lookaside buffer?
> What elements are typically found in a page table entry? Briefly define each element.
> Why is the principle of locality crucial to the use of virtual memory?
> Explain thrashing.
> What is the difference between simple paging and virtual memory paging?
> What is the distinction between blocking and nonblocking with respect to messages?
> What is a monitor?
> Because we have standards such as TCP/IP, why is middleware needed?
> What is the difference between a page and a segment?
> What is the difference between a page and a frame?
> What are the distinctions among logical, relative, and physical addresses?
> What is the difference between internal and external fragmentation?
> In a fixed partitioning scheme, what are the advantages of using unequal-size partitions?
> What are some reasons to allow two or more processes to all have access to a particular region of memory?
> Why is it not possible to enforce memory protection at compile time?
> Why is the capability to relocate processes desirable?
> What requirements is memory management intended to satisfy?
> What is middleware?
> What is the difference between binary and general semaphores?
> What operations can be performed on a semaphore?
> What is the difference among deadlock avoidance, detection, and prevention?
> How can the circular wait condition be prevented?
> List two ways in which the no-preemption condition can be prevented.
> How can the hold-and-wait condition be prevented?
> What are the four conditions that create deadlock?
> What are the three conditions that must be present for deadlock to be possible?
> Give examples of reusable and consumable resources.
> List the requirements for mutual exclusion.
> Explain the rationale behind the three-tier client/server architecture.
> List the three control problems associated with competing processes, and briefly define each
> What is the distinction between competing processes and cooperating processes?
> List three degrees of awareness between processes and briefly define each.
> What is the basic requirement for the execution of concurrent processes?
> What are three contexts in which concurrency arises?
> List four design issues for which the concept of concurrency is relevant.
> Give three examples of an interrupt.
> What is the difference between an interrupt and a trap?
> What are the steps performed by an OS to create a new process?
> Why are two modes (user and kernel) needed?
> Define the two types of distributed deadlock.
> List three general categories of information in a process control block.
> Define jacketing.
> List two disadvantages of ULTs compared to KLTs.
> List three advantages of ULTs over KLTs.
> What resources are typically shared by all of the threads of a process?
> Give four general examples of the use of threads in a single user multiprocessing system.
> What are the two separate and potentially independent characteristics embodied in the concept of process?
> List reasons why a mode switch between threads may be cheaper than a mode switch between processes.
> Table 3.5 lists typical elements found in a process control block for an unthreaded OS. Of these, which should belong to a thread control block, and which should belong to a process control block for a multithreaded system? Table 3.5: Process Identi
> For what types of entities does the OS maintain tables of information for management purposes?
> What is the difference between distributed mutual exclusion enforced by a centralized algorithm and enforced by a distributed algorithm?
> List four characteristics of a suspended process.
> Why does Figure 3.9b have two blocked states? Figure 3.9b: New Suspend Activate Dispatch Release Ready/ Suspend Ready Running Exit Suspend Time-out Activate Blocked/ Suspend Blocked Suspend (b) With two Suspend states Event upy occurs Admit Event oc
> What is swapping and what is its purpose?
> What does it mean to preempt a process?
> For the processing model of Figure 3.6, briefly define each state. Figure 3.6: Dispatch Admit Release New Ready Running Exit Time-out Event Event occurs wait Blocked
> What common events lead to the creation of a process?
> Generalize Equations (1.1) and (1.2) in Appendix 1A to n-level memory hierarchies.
> Directories can be implemented either as “special files” that can only be accessed in limited ways or as ordinary data files. What are the advantages and disadvantages of each approach?
