DNA microarray is a technique by the help of which we can determine whether the genes of a certain individual are mutated or not. This is done in this way that first the blood of the patient is taken and the DNA is isolated from it. Another sample is also taken along with this that serves the role of the control. Then the DNA is denatured, cut into smaller fragments, and is labelled with a fluorescent dye (individual’s DNA with green and the control with red dye).
Both of them are then allowed to hybridize in a chip. If the individual’s DNA gets bound to the sequences present on the chip, this means that it does not contain any mutation. But if it does not bind properly to the sequences on the chip, it shows that there is a mutation in the individual’s DNA. This technique is used in diagnostic laboratories in order to determine a certain disease.
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