Definition of Hofmann​ Elimination



Hofmann​ elimination is an elimination reaction involving an amine. The product formed as a result of this elimination is the least stable and least substituted alkene which is known as Hofmann​ product. ​It is different from other elimination reactions as those reactions give rise to the most stable alkenes.

 


The reaction takes place in this way that the amine is first treated with an excess of methyl iodide and forms a quaternary ammonium iodide salt. After this, the salt is treated with silver oxide and water and as a result, forms a quaternary ammonium hydroxide. The salt is then decomposed on heat and Hofmann product is formed.


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