It is the study that is based on the relationships that exist between the various groups of organisms. Phylogeny also involves the study of the evolutionary development of the organisms. It helps in tracing the evolutionary history of all the organisms that exist on the Earth. The basis of it is the phylogenetic hypothesis which explains that all the living organisms are derived from a common ancestor.
These relationships are exhibited in the form of a diagram which is termed as a phylogenetic tree. The phylogenetic tree depicts the evolutionary relationships that are thought to exist between the organisms and this is formed on the basis of hypotheses, not facts. The branches of the tree show how organisms are evolved from the common ancestry.
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