Question: A USA Today survey of adults aged

> One indicator of the level of economic hardship is the number of people who bring items to a pawnbroker. Assume that the number of people bringing items to a pawnshop per day in is normally distributed with a mean of 658. a. Suppose you learn that on 3%

> Motorola used the normal distribution to determine the probability of defects and the number of defects expected in a production process. Assume a production process produces items with a mean weight of 10 ounces. Calculate the probability of a defect an

> People often wait until middle age to worry about having a healthy heart. However, many studies have shown that earlier monitoring of risk factors such as blood pressure can be very beneficial (The Wall Street Journal). Having higher than normal blood pr

> The NCAA estimates that the yearly value of a full athletic scholarship at in-state public universities is $19,000. Assume the scholarship value is normally distributed with a standard deviation of $2100. a. For the 10% of athletic scholarships of least

> A business executive, transferred from Chicago to Atlanta, needs to sell her house in Chicago quickly. The executive’s employer has offered to buy the house for $210,000, but the offer expires at the end of the week. The executive does not currently have

> ABC News reports that 58% of U.S. drivers admit to speeding. Suppose that a new satellite technology can instantly measure the speed of any vehicle on a U.S. road and determine whether the vehicle is speeding, and this satellite technology was used to ta

> Undeliverable Mail Pieces. Of the 155 billion mailpieces the U.S. Postal Service (USPS) processed and delivered in 2017, 4.3% were undeliverable as addressed. Suppose that a brief questionnaire about USPS service is attached to each mailpiece in a random

> According to USC Annenberg, the mean time spent by Americans on the Internet in their home per week is 17.6 hours. Assume that the standard deviation for the time spent by Americans on the Internet in their home per week is 5.1 hours. Suppose the Florida

> In 2018, the Simple Dollar website reported that the mean life of 14-watt compact fluorescent lights (CFLs) is 8000 hours. Assume that for this population the standard deviation for CFL life is 480. Suppose the U.S. Department of Energy would like to sel

> Lori Jeffrey is a successful sales representative for a major publisher of college textbooks. Historically, Lori obtains a book adoption on 25% of her sales calls. Viewing her sales calls for one month as a sample of all possible sales calls, assume that

> Reuters reports that 15 percent of Australians smoke. By introducing tough laws banning brand labels on cigarette packages, Australia hopes to ultimately reduce the percentage of people smoking to 10%. Answer the following questions based on a sample of

> Three firms carry inventories that differ in size. Firm A’s inventory contains 2000 items, firm B’s inventory contains 5000 items, and firm C’s inventory contains 10,000 items. The population standard deviation for the cost of the items in each firm’s in

> After deducting grants based on need, the average cost to attend the University of Southern California (USC) is $27,175. Assume the population standard deviation is $7400. Suppose that a random sample of 60 USC students will be taken from this population

> The file Snow contains temperature and snowfall data for 51 major U.S. cities over 30 years. For example, the average low temperature for Columbus, Ohio, is 44 degrees and the average annual snowfall is 27.5 inches. a. Construct a scatter diagram with th

> Table 1.7 shows data for eight phones (Consumer Reports). The Overall Score, a measure of the overall quality for the phone, ranges from 0 to 100. Voice Quality has possible ratings of poor, fair, good, very good, and excellent. Talk Time is the manufact

> The mean airfare for flights departing from Buffalo Niagara International Airport during the first three months of 2017 was $320.51. Assume the standard deviation for this population of fares is known to be $80. Suppose a random sample of 60 flights depa

> Foot Locker uses sales per square foot as a measure of store productivity. Sales are currently running at an annual rate of $406 per square foot. You have been asked by management to conduct a study of a sample of 64 Foot Locker stores. Assume the standa

> Data made available through the Petersen-Kaiser Health System Tracker in May 2018 showed health expenditures were $10,348 per person in the United States. Use $10,348 as the population mean and suppose a survey research firm will take a sample of 100 peo

> Jack Lawler, a financial analyst, wants to prepare an article on the Shadow Stock portfolio developed by the American Association of Individual Investors (AAII). A list of the 30 companies in the Shadow Stock portfolio is contained in the file ShadowStoc

> The time (in minutes) between telephone calls at an insurance claims office has the following exponential probability distribution. a. What is the mean time between telephone calls? b. What is the probability of having 30 seconds or less between telephon

> Do you dislike waiting in line? Supermarket chain Kroger has used computer simulation and information technology to reduce the average waiting time for customers at 2300 stores. Using a new system called Que- Vision, which allows Kroger to better predict

> The mean time between failures (MTBF) is a common metric used to measure the performance of manufacturing systems. MTBF is the elapsed time between failures of a system during normal operations. The failures could be caused by broken machines or computer

> The Car Repair Ratings website provides consumer reviews and ratings for garages in the United States and Canada. The time customers wait for service to be completed is one of the categories rated. The following table provides a summary of the wait-time

> Mahoney Custom Home Builders, Inc. of Canyon Lake, Texas, asked visitors to their website what is most important when choosing a home builder. Possible responses were quality, price, customer referral, years in business, and special features. Results sho

> The U.S. Coast Guard (USCG) provides a wide variety of information on boating accidents including the wind condition at the time of the accident. The following table shows the results obtained for 4401 accidents (USCG website, http://www.uscgboating.org/

> Entrepreneur magazine ranks franchises using performance measures such as growth rate, number of locations, startup costs, and financial stability. The number of locations for 20 U.S. franchises follows (The World Almanac). Use classes 0â€&#

> Many companies use a quality control technique called acceptance sampling to monitor incoming shipments of parts, raw materials, and so on. In the electronics industry, component parts are commonly shipped from suppliers in large lots. Inspection of a sa

> According to a 2017 Gallup survey, the percentage of individuals in the United States who are invested in the stock market by age is as shown in the following table (Gallup website). Suppose Gallup wishes to complete a follow-up survey to find out more

> A Pew Research Survey asked adults in the United States which technologies would be “very hard” to give up. The following responses were obtained: Internet 53%, smartphone 49%, email 36%, and land-line phone 28% (USA Today website). a. If 20 adult Intern

> The Knowles/Armitage (KA) group at Merrill Lynch advises clients on how to create a diversified investment portfolio. One of the investment alternatives they make available to clients is the All World Fund composed of global stocks with good dividend yie

> Bookstore Customer Purchases. A bookstore at the Hartsfield-Jackson Airport in Atlanta sells reading materials (paper-back books, newspapers, magazines) as well as snacks (peanuts, pretzels, candy, etc.). A point-of-sale terminal collects a variety of in

> The budgeting process for a midwestern college resulted in expense forecasts for the coming year (in $ millions) of $9, $10, $11, $12, and $13. Because the actual expenses are unknown, the following respective probabilities are assigned: .3, .2, .25, .05

> A study by Forbes indicated that the five most common words appearing in spam emails are shipping!, today!, here!, available, and fingertips!. Many spam filters separate spam from ham (email not considered to be spam) through application of Bayes’ the

> An oil company purchased an option on land in Alaska. Preliminary geologic studies assigned the following prior probabilities. P(high-quality oil)= .50 P(medium-quality oil)= .20 P(no oil)= .30 a. What is the probability of finding oil? b. After

> Many undergraduate students in the U.S. study abroad as part of their education. Assume that 60% of the undergraduate students who study abroad are female and that 49% of the undergraduate students who do not study abroad are female. a. Given a female un

> A company studied the number of lost-time accidents occurring at its Brownsville, Texas, plant. Historical records show that 6% of the employees suffered losttime accidents last year. Management believes that a special safety program will reduce such acc

> University endowments are financial assets that are donated by supporters to be used to provide income to universities. There is a large discrepancy in the size of university endowments. The following table provides a listing of many of the universities

> Consider a multiple-choice examination with 50 questions. Each question has four possible answers. Assume that a student who has done the homework and attended lectures has probability .75 of answering any question correctly. a. A student must answer 43

> According to the National Association of Colleges and Employers, the 2015 mean starting salary for new college graduates in health sciences was $51,541. The mean 2015 starting salary for new college graduates in business was $53,901 (National Association

> The Pew Internet & American Life project conducted a survey that included several questions about how Internet users feel about search engines and other websites collecting information about them and using this information either to shape search resu

> Refer again to the data from the MBA new-matriculants survey in exercise 52. a. Given that a person applied to more than one school, what is the probability that the person is 24–26 years old? b. Given that a person is in the 36-and-over age group, what

> The website for the Bed and Breakfast Inns of North America gets approximately seven visitors per minute. Suppose the number of website visitors per minute follows a Poisson probability distribution. a. What is the mean time between visits to the website

> The U.S. Census Bureau serves as the leading source of quantitative data about the nation’s people and economy. The following crosstabulation shows the number of households (1000s) and the household income by the highest level of educat

> A blackjack player at a Las Vegas casino learned that the house will provide a free room if play is for four hours at an average bet of $50. The player’s strategy provides a probability of .49 of winning on any one hand, and the player knows that there a

> A study of 31,000 hospital admissions in New York State found that 4% of the admissions led to treatment-caused injuries. One-seventh of these treatment-caused injuries resulted in death, and one-fourth were caused by negligence. Malpractice claims were

> Assume that the test scores from a college admissions test are normally distributed, with a mean of 450 and a standard deviation of 100. a. What percentage of the people taking the test score between 400 and 500? b. Suppose someone receives a score of 63

> A financial manager made two new investments— one in the oil industry and one in municipal bonds. After a one-year period, each of the investments will be classified as either successful or unsuccessful. Consider the making of the two investments as a ra

> The London School of Economics and the Harvard Business School have conducted studies of how chief executive officers (CEOs) spend their time. These studies have found that CEOs spend many hours per week in meetings that include conference calls, busines

> The XO Group Inc. conducted a 2015 survey of 13,000 brides and grooms married in the United States and found that the average cost of a wedding is $29,858 (XO Group website). Assume that the cost of a wedding is normally distributed with a mean of $29,85

> An MBA new-matriculants survey provided the following data for 2018 students. a. For a randomly selected MBA student, prepare a joint probability table for the experiment consisting of observing the student’s age and whether the stude

> A survey to determine viewer response to a new television show obtained the following data. a. What is the probability that a randomly selected viewer will rate the new show as average or better? b. What is the probability that a randomly selected view

> A machine fills containers with a particular product. The standard deviation of filling weights is known from past data to be .6 ounce. If only 2% of the containers hold less than 18 ounces, what is the mean filling weight for the machine? That is, what

> Below are the results of a survey of 1364 individuals who were asked if they use a. What is the probability a respondent is female? b. What is the conditional probability a respondent uses social media and other websites to voice opinions about televisi

> Ward Doering Auto Sales is considering offering a special service contract that will cover the total cost of any service work required on leased vehicles. From experience, the company manager estimates that yearly service costs are approximately normally

> According to U.S. News & World Reports, 7 of the top 10 graduate schools of business have students with an average undergraduate grade point average (GPA) of 3.50 or higher. Suppose that we randomly select 2 of the top 10 graduate schools of business. a.

> A deck of playing cards contains 52 cards, four of which are aces. What is the probability that the deal of a five-card poker hand provides a. A pair of aces? b. Exactly one ace? c. No aces? d. At least one ace?

> Customer arrivals at a bank are random and independent; the probability of an arrival in any one-minute period is the same as the probability of an arrival in any other one-minute period. Answer the following questions, assuming a mean arrival rate of th

> Busiest North American Airports. Based on the total passenger traffic, the airports in the following list are the 20 busiest airports in North America in 2018 (The World Almanac). a. Which is busiest airport in terms of total passenger traffic? Which i

> A regional director responsible for business development in the state of Pennsylvania is concerned about the number of small business failures. If the mean number of small business failures per month is 10, what is the probability that exactly 4 small bu

> A new automated production process averages 1.5 breakdowns per day. Because of the cost associated with a breakdown, management is concerned about the possibility of having three or more breakdowns during a day. Assume that breakdowns occur randomly, tha

> Cars arrive at a car wash randomly and independently; the probability of an arrival is the same for any two time intervals of equal length. The mean arrival rate is 15 cars per hour. What is the probability that 20 or more cars will arrive during any giv

> PBS News Hour reported in 2014 that 39.4% of Americans between the ages of 25 and 64 have at least a two-year college degree (PBS website). Assume that 50 Americans between the ages of 25 and 64 are selected randomly. a. What is the expected number of pe

> The proportion of individuals insured by the All-Driver Automobile Insurance Company who received at least one traffic ticket during a five-year period is .15. a. Show the sampling distribution of p if a random sample of 150 insured individuals is used t

> Advertisers contract with Internet service providers and search engines to place ads on websites. They pay a fee based on the number of potential customers who click on their ad. Unfortunately, click fraud—the practice of someone clicking on an ad solely

> A market research firm conducts telephone surveys with a 40% historical response rate. What is the probability that in a new sample of 400 telephone numbers, at least 150 individuals will cooperate and respond to the questions? In other words, what is th

> A researcher reports survey results by stating that the standard error of the mean is 20. The population standard deviation is 500. a. How large was the sample used in this survey? b. What is the probability that the point estimate was within ±25 of the

> A production process is checked periodically by a quality control inspector. The inspector selects simple random samples of 30 finished products and computes the sample mean product weights x. If test results over a long period of time show that 5% of th

> Cooper Realty is a small real estate company located in Albany, New York, specializing primarily in residential listings. They recently became interested in determining the likelihood of one of their listings being sold within a certain number of days. A

> The U.S. Department of Energy’s Fuel Economy Guide provides fuel efficiency data for cars and trucks (Fuel Economy website). A portion of the data from 2018 for 341 compact, midsize, and large cars is shown in Table 2.13. The data set c

> A large consumer goods company ran a television advertisement for one of its soap products. On the basis of a survey that was conducted, probabilities were assigned to the following events. B=individual purchased the product S=individual recalls seeing t

> Consumer complaints are frequently reported to the Better Business Bureau (BBB). Some industries against whom the most complaints are reported to the BBB are banks; cable and satellite television companies; collection agencies; cellular phone providers;

> Data showing the population by state in millions of people follow (The World Almanac). a. Develop a frequency distribution, a percent frequency distribution, and a histogram. Use a class width of 2.5 million. b. Does there appear to be any skewness in

> The file MedianHousehold contains the median household income for a family with two earners for each of the fifty states (American Community Survey). a. Construct a frequency and a percent frequency distribution of median household income. Begin the firs

> The SAT is a standardized test used by many colleges and universities in their admission decisions. More than one million high school students take the SAT each year. The current version of the SAT includes three parts: reading comprehension, mathematics

> The Panama Railroad Company was established in 1850 to construct a railroad across the isthmus that would allow fast and easy access between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. The following table provides annual returns for Panama Railroad stock from 1853

> Automobiles traveling on a road with a posted speed limit of 55 miles per hour are checked for speed by a state police radar system. Following is a frequency distribution of speeds. a. What is the mean speed of the automobiles traveling on this road? b

> Does a major league baseball team’s record during spring training indicate how the team will play during the regular season? Over a six-year period, the correlation coefficient between a team’s winning percentage in sp

> Travel + Leisure magazine provides an annual list of the 500 best hotels in the world. The magazine provides a rating for each hotel along with a brief description that includes the size of the hotel, amenities, and the cost per night for a double room.

> The data contained in the file FoodIndustry show the company/chain name, the average sales per store ($1000s), and the food segment industry for 47 restaurant chains (Quick Service Restaurant Magazine website). a. What was the mean U.S. sales per store f

> Revenue of World’s Most Valuable Brands. Refer to Table 2.12. a. Prepare a crosstabulation of the data on Industry (rows) and Brand Revenue ($ billions). Use class intervals of 25 starting at 0 for Brand Revenue ($ billions). b. Prepa

> The following data represent a sample of 14 household incomes ($1000s). Answer the following questions based on this sample. a. What is the median household income for these sample data? b. According to a previous survey, the median annual household in

> Public transportation and the automobile are two methods an employee can use to get to work each day. Samples of times recorded for each method are shown. Times are in minutes. a. Compute the sample mean time to get to work for each method. b. Compute

> Smartphones have become ubiquitous for most people and have become the predominant means of communication among people. Consider the following data indicating the number of minutes in a month spent interacting with others via a smartphone for a sample of

> The average waiting time for a patient at an El Paso physician’s office is just over 29 minutes, well above the national average of 21 minutes. In order to address the issue of long patient wait times, some physician’s

> A 2017 USA Today article reports that NCAA football coaches’ salaries have continued to increase in recent years (USA Today). The annual base salaries for the previous head football coach and the new head football coach at 23 schools are given in the fil

> Americans tend to dine out multiple times per week. The number of times a sample of 20 families dined out last week provides the following data. a. Compute the mean and median. b. Compute the first and third quartiles. c. Compute the range and interquar

> A zoo has categorized its visitors into three categories: member, school, and general. The member category refers to visitors who pay an annual fee to support the zoo. Members receive certain benefits such as discounts on merchandise and trips planned by

> Electric plug-in vehicle sales have been increasing worldwide. The table below displays data collected by the U.S. Department of Energy on electric plug-in vehicle sales in the words top markets in 2013 and 2015. (Data compiled by Argonne National Labora

> Colleges’ Year Founded and Percent Graduated. Refer to the data set in Table 2.18. a. Construct a crosstabulation with Year Founded as the row variable and % Graduate as the column variable. Use classes starting with 1600 and ending w

> Table 2.18 shows a portion of the data for a sample of 103 private colleges and universities. The complete data set is contained in the file Colleges. The data include the name of the college or university, the year the institution was founded, the tuiti

> Each year Forbes ranks the world’s most valuable brands. A portion of the data for 82 of the brands in the 2013 Forbes list is shown in Table 2.12 (Forbes website). The data set includes the following variables: Brand: The name of the b

> Fortune magazine publishes an annual survey of the 100 best companies to work for. The data in the file FortuneBest100 shows the rank, company name, the size of the company, and the percentage job growth for full-time employees for 98 of the Fortune 100

> Western University has only one women’s softball scholarship remaining for the coming year. The final two players that Western is considering are Allison Fealey and Emily Janson. The coaching staff has concluded that the speed and defen

> The U.S. Census Bureau serves as the leading source of quantitative data about the nation’s people and economy. The following crosstabulation shows the number of households (1000s) and the household income by the level of education for

> The term “beta” refers to a measure of a stock’s price volatility relative to the stock market as a whole. A beta of 1 means the stock’s price moves exactly with the market. A beta o

> Colleges’ Year Founded and Cost. Refer to the data set in Table 2.18. a. Construct a scatter diagram to show the relationship between Year Founded and Tuition & Fees. b. Comment on any relationship between the variables.

> According to the Wall Street Journal, a startup company’s ability to gain funding is a key to success. The funds raised (in millions of dollars) by 50 startup companies appear below. a. Construct a stem-and-leaf display. b. Comment on

> The days to maturity for a sample of five money market funds are shown here. The dollar amounts invested in the funds are provided. Use the weighted mean to determine the mean number of days to maturity for dollars invested in these five money market fun

> In 2014, the 32 teams in the National Football League (NFL) were worth, on average, $1.17 billion, 5% more than in 2013. The following data show the annual revenue ($ millions) and the estimated team value ($ millions) for the 32 NFL teams in 2014 (Forbe

> U.S. companies lose $63.2 billion per year from workers with insomnia. Accordign to a 2013 article in the Wall Street Journal, workers lose an average of 7.8 days of productivity per year due to lack of sleep. The following data show the number of hours