Question: As part of a study of the

> Referring to Exercise 2.97, plot the dot diagrams of heights separately for the male and female students and compare. Data from Exercise 2.97: Table 13 gives data collected from the students attending an elementary statistics course at the University of

> Table 13 gives data collected from the students attending an elementary statistics course at the University of Wisconsin. These data include sex, height, number of years in college, and the general area of intended major [Humanities (H); Social Science (

> For the experiments in Exercise 4.95, which sample spaces are discrete and which are continuous? Data from Exercise 4.95: Describe the sample space for each of the following experiments. (a) The number of different commercials shown next time you watch

> Describe the sample space for each of the following experiments. (a) The number of different commercials shown next time you watch your favorite one-hour show. (b) The time your smartphone will last following an overnight charge. (c) A sample of 30 st

> In each of the following cases, how would you select the experimental units and conduct the experiment-matched pairs or independent samples? (a) Compare the mileage obtained from two gasolines. Twelve SUVs of various sizes are available. (b) Compare the

> Refer to the problem stated in Exercise 10.64, but now suppose that the study was conducted at 16 farms, of which 8 were selected for planting strain A and the other 8 for strain B. Here also the plots used were all of equal sizes. Recorded below are the

> To compare the crop yields from two strains of wheat, A and B, an experiment was conducted at eight farms located in different parts of a state. At each farm, strain A was grown on one plot and strain B on another; all 16 plots were of equal sizes. Given

> The mean and median salaries for middle management employees at two similar companies A and B in an area are as follows: Assume that the salaries are set in accordance with job competence and the overall quality of workers is about the same in the two co

> Refer to the computer attitude scores (CAS) of students given in Table D.4 of the Data Bank. A computer analysis produces the output (a) What is the conclusion to testing the equality of mean computer attitude scores at level a = .05? (b) Find a 95% con

> Refer to the data on the weight of wolves in Data Bank. A computer analysis produces the output (a) What is the conclusion to testing the equality of mean weights at level a = .05? (b) Test the null hypothesis that males weigh an average of 5 pounds mor

> Refer to Exercise 10.52 but suppose, instead, that the sample sizes are 9 and 8 with the same summary statistics: From A1: x = 9.7, s1 = 3.1 From A2: x = 6.5, s2 = 1.3 (a) Test, with the approximate t procedure, that the population means are different. U

> Referring to Exercise 10.59, construct an approximate t 95% confidence interval for the difference in mean yields between the new spray and the standard spray. Data from Exercise 10.59: A fruit grower wishes to evaluate a new spray that is claimed to re

> A fruit grower wishes to evaluate a new spray that is claimed to reduce the loss due to damage by insects. To this end, he performs an experiment with 27 trees in his orchard by treating 12 of those trees with the new spray and the other 15 trees with th

> Given the following two samples, 6 9 3 3 7 8 and 4 2 3 3 obtain (a) s2pooled and (b) the value of the t statistic for testing H0 : µ1 - µ2 = 1. State the d.f. of the t.

> Obtain s2pooled for the gaming data.

> Consider the data of Exercise 10.55. (a) Construct a 90% confidence interval for µA - µB. (b) Give a 95% confidence interval for µA using the data of drug A alone. Data from Exercise 10.55: A study of postoperative

> A study of postoperative pain relief is conducted to determine if drug A has a significantly longer duration of pain relief than drug B. Observations of the hours of pain relief are recorded for 55 patients given drug A and 58 patients given drug B. The

> Refer to the data in Exercise 10.53. Suppose you wish to establish that the mean response of 35-44 year old is larger than that of 19- 24 year old by more than 150 dollars. (a) Formulate the null hypothesis and the alternative hypothesis. (b) State the

> On a day, the noon temperature measurements (in °F) reported by five weather stations in a st ate were 74 80 76 76 73 (a) Find the mean and median temperature in °F. (b) The Celsius (0 C) scale is related to the Fahrenheit (° F) scale by C = 5/9 (F

> The responses, of persons in the first and third age groups to the average monthly amount charged, have the summary statistics Determine a 95% confidence interval for the difference of means.

> Two versions of a new simplified tax form, A1 and A2, need to be evaluated with respect to the time, in hours, it takes to complete the form. Forty persons were selected to fill out Form A1 and 40 were selected to fill out Form A2. The summary statistics

> Refer to the Data Bank. The responses, of persons in the first and second age groups, on the frequency of credit card use question, have the summary statistics (a) Obtain a 98% confidence interval for the difference in the two population mean frequency o

> Refer to the physical fitness data in the Data Bank. Find a 95% confidence interval for the mean difference of the pretest minus posttest number of sit-ups. Also test that the mean difference is zero versus a two-sided alternative with a = .05.

> Refer to the marine growth of salmon data in the Data Bank. Compare the mean growth of males and females by obtaining a 95% confidence interval for the difference of means and also test equality versus a two-sided alternative with a = .05.

> Use the approximate t-test to test the equality of means with the two samples x: 7 15 6 12 y: 12 8 6 11 8 (a) Calculate the sample means and variances by hand and use calculator to evaluate d.f and t. (b) Confirm your answer using computer software.

> Refer to the alligator data in the Data Bank. Using the data on testosterone x 4 for male alligators, compare the means for the two lake regions. (a) Should you pool the variances with these data? (b) Find a 90% confidence interval for the difference o

> We illustrate the MINITAB commands and output for the two-sample t t est. The approximate t test is performed if you don't click Assume equal variances. (a) From the output, what is the conclusion to testing H0 : µ1 - µ2 = 0 ver

> A study ( courtesy of R. Golubjatnikov) is undertaken to compare the rates of prevalence of CF antibody to parainfluenza I virus among boys and girls in the age group 5 to 9 years. Among 113 boys tested, 34 are found to have the antibody; among 139 girls

> 1. If a fixed number c is added to all measurements in a data set, then the mean of the new measurements is c + (the original mean). 2. If all measurements in a data set are multiplied by a fixed number d, then the mean of the new measurements is d x

> Present the result that 158 male babies were born to 363 parents both of whom smoke. The same study found that 2685 male babies were born to 5045 parents, neither of which smoked. Obtain a 95% confidence interval of the increase in the proportion of male

> An experiment was conducted to study whether cloud seeding reduces the occurrences of h ail. At a hail-prone geographical area, seeding was done on 50 stormy days and another 155 stormy days were also observed without seeding. The following counts were o

> Suppose packages of cream cheese coming from an automated processor have weights that are normally distributed. For one day's production run, the mean is 8.2 ounces and the standard deviation is 0.1 ounce. (a) If the packages of cream cheese are labeled

> The daily number of kayaks sold, X, at a water sports store has the probability distribution (a) Find the expected number of kayaks sold in a day. (b) Find the standard deviation of the number of kayaks sold in a day. (c) Find the probability distributi

> A special purpose coating must have the proper abrasion. The standard deviation is known to be 21. Consider a random sample of 49 abrasion measurements. (a) Find the probability that the sample mean X¯ lies within 2 units of the population m

> Visitors to a popular Internet site rated the newest gaming console on a scale of 1 to 5 stars. The following probability distribution is proposed based on over 1400 individual ratings. (a) For a future random sample of 40 ratings, what are the mean and

> Refer to Exercise 7.43. Evaluate (a) P[X¯ > 2.2] (b) P[ 1.65 < X¯ < 2.25] Data from Exercise 7.43: A company that manufactures car mufflers finds that the labor to set up and run a nearly automatic machine has mean µ = 1.9 hours and ( = 1.2 hours. For

> A population consists of the four numbers { 0, 2, 4, 6 }. Consider drawing a random sample of size 2 with replacement. (a) List all possible samples and evaluate x for each. (b) Determine the sampling distribution of X. (c) Write down the population d

> Could the two density functions shown in Figure 11 be a population density function and that for the sampling distribution of X. Explain why or why not.

> The population density function and that for the sampling distribution of X, for n = 2, are shown in Figure 10. Identify which one is the sampling distribution and explain your answer.

> With reference to the water quality data in Exercise 2.1 7: (a) Find the sample median, first quartile, and third quartile. (b) Find the sample 90th percentile. Data from Exercise 2.17: The city of Madison regularly checks the water quality at swimmin

> A director of student counseling is interested in the relationship between the numerical score x and the social science score yon college qualification tests. The following data are recorded. (a) Plot the scatter diagram. (b) Calculate r.

> Use MINITAB or some other computer package to obtain the scatter diagram, correlation coefficient, and regression line of: (a) The final on the initial times to row given in Table. (b) Drop one unusual pair and repeat part (a). Comment on any major diffe

> For fitting body length to weight for all wolves given in table, use MINITAB or some other computer package to obtain: (a) The scatter diagram. (b) The correlation coefficient. (c) The regression line.

> We have illustrated the output from MINITAB commands for fitting a straight line. To create the scatter plot, without the fitted line, choose: Graph > Scatterplot. Choose Simple . Click OK. Type C2 in Y variables and C J in X variables. Click OK. Use MIN

> Identify the predictor variable x and the response variable y in each of the following situations. (a) The state highway department wants to study the relationship between road roughness and a car's gas consumption. (b) A concession salesperson at foot

> For samples collected concerning the following pairs of variables, decide whether you should make a scatter plot or create a contingency table. (a) The amount earned and the number of weeks worked during the last summer vacation. (b) Home ownership ( o

> Given these five pairs of values (a) Plot the scatter diagram. (b) From a visual inspection, draw a straight line that appears to fit the data well. (c) Compute the least squares estimates &Icirc;&sup2;^0, &Icirc;&sup2;^1 and draw the fitted line.

> Given the following ( x, y ) values (a) Make a scatter plot. (b) Calculate r.

> The tar yield of cigarettes is often assayed by the following method: A motorized smoking machine takes a two-second puff once every minute until a fixed butt length remains. The total tar yield is determined by laboratory analysis of the pool of smoke t

> The speedy lizard data, from Exercise 2.19, are (a) Find the sample median, first quartile, and third quartile. (b) Find the sample 90th percentile. Data from Exercise 2.19: A zoologist collected wild lizards in the Southwestern United States. Thirty l

> Among 40 adults 20- 25 years old questioned about stress levels, 16 responded they are more stressed now than last year. Identify a statistical population and the sample.

> Forest fires in the Western states are responsible for large losses. It was pointed out that the losses are greatest when many firefighters are present and least when there are only a few. Is this convincing evidence that losses can be cut by restricting

> Examine each of the following situations and state whether you would expect to find a high correlation between the variables. Give reasons why an observed correlation cannot be interpreted as a direct relationship between the variables and indicate at le

> Would you expect a positive, negative, or nearly zero correlation for each of the following? Give reasons for your answers. (a) The time a student spends playing computer games each week and the time they spend talking with friends in a group. (b) The

> A high-risk group of 1083 m ale volunteers was included in a major clinical trial for testing a new vaccine for type B hepatitis. The vaccine was given to 549 persons randomly selected from the group, and the others were inject ed with a neutral substanc

> A dealer's recent records of 80 truck sales provided the following frequency information on size of truck and type of drive. (a) Determine the marginal totals. (b) Obtain the table of relative frequencies. (c) Calculate the relative frequencies separate

> Concern over the quality of eyeglasses purchased over the internet led to a study where many glasses were individually ordered from several different online vendors. Among the lenses with only antireflective coating, 61 had a thickness at the center grea

> Sugar content (g) and carbohydrate content (g) are obtained from the package of the breakfast cereals. (a) Calculate the sample mean carbohydrates for all 30 cereals. (b) Construct a table using carbohydrates rather than sugar. (c) Calculate the relati

> Applicants for welfare are allowed an appeals process when they feel they have been unfairly treated. At the hearing, the applicant may choose self-representation or representation by an attorney. The appeal may result in an increase, decrease, or no cha

> A company that manufactures car mufflers finds that the labor to set up and run a nearly automatic machine has mean µ = 1.9 hours and ( = 1.2 hours. For a random sample of 36 runs. (a) Determine the mean and standard deviation of X¯. (b) What can you sa

> A random sample of size 150 is taken from the population of the ages of juniors enrolled at a large university during one semester. This population has mean 21.1 years and standard deviation 2.6. The population distribution is not normal. (a) Is it reas

> With reference to Exercise 2.48, calculate the quartiles. Data from Exercise 2.48: A large mail-order firm employs numerous persons to take phone orders. Computers on which orders are entered also automatically collect data on phone activity. One variab

> Suppose that the size of pebbles in a river bed is normally distributed with mean 12.1 mm and standard deviation 3.2 mm. A random sample of 9 pebbles are measured. Let X¯ denote the average size of the sampled pebbles. (a) What is the distribution of X¯

> The weights of pears in an orchard are normally distributed with mean .32 pound and standard deviation .08 pound . (a) If one pear is selected at random, what is the probability that its weight is between .28 and .34 pound7 (b) If X denotes the average

> Suppose the weights of the contents of cans of mixed nuts have a normal distribution with mean 32.4 ounces and standard deviation .4 ounce. For a random sample of size n = 9 . (a) What are the mean and standard deviation of X¯? (b) What is the distribut

> A population has distribution Let X1 and X2 be independent and each have the same distribution as the population. (a) Determine the missing elements in the table for the sampling distribution of X = (X1 + X2)/2. (b) Find the expected value of X&Acirc;&ma

> A population has distribution Let X1 and X2 be independent and each have the same distribution as the population. (a) Determine the missing elements in the table for the sampling distribution of X = (X1 + X2) /2. (b) Find the expected value of X&Acirc;&

> What sample size is required in order that the standard deviation of X be: (a) 1/4 of the population standard deviation? (b) 1/7 of the population standard deviation? (c) 12 % of the population standard deviation?

> Refer to Exercise 7.34 and, instead of X, consider the statistic Sample range R Largest observation - Smallest observation For instance, if the sample observations are (2, 6), the range is 6 - 2 = 4. (a) Calculate the sample range for all possible sampl

> As a very extreme case of self-selection, imagine a five-foot-high solid wood fence surrounding a collection of Great Danes and Miniature Poodles. You want to estimate the proportion of Great Danes inside and decide to collect your sample by observing th

> The United States Environmental Protection Agency reports that in 2014, each American generated 4.44 pounds of solid waste. (a) Does this mean every single American produces the same amount of garbage? What do you think this statement means? (b) Was th

> Eight young students need mentors. Of these, there are three whom you enjoy being with while you are indifferent about the others. Two of the students will be randomly assigned to you. Label the students you like by 0, 1, and 2 and the others by 3, 4, 5,

> A large mail-order firm employs numerous persons to take phone orders. Computers on which orders are entered also automatically collect data on phone activity. One variable useful for planning staffing levels is the number of calls per shift handled by e

> Fifty band members would like to ride the b and bus to an out-of-town game. However, there is room for only 44. Use Table I, Appendix B, to select the 44 persons who will go. Determine how to make your selection by taking only a few two-digit selections.

> There are 9 sites on a large campus at which bicycles are parked as part of a shared bicycle program in the city. Use Table I, to select 3 sites to visit and record the number of bicycles available at noon during a weekday.

> Two-person sailboats are available for use at the university dock. Your group is large enough to need three of them . Use Table 1, to select your three boats from among the 10 that are in a line along the shore.

> What is wrong with this statement of purpose? PURPOSE: Determine if it takes too long to get cash from the automated teller machine during the lunch hour. Give an improved statement of purpose.

> Which of the following are anecdotal and which are based on a sample? (a) Tom says he gets the best prices on electronics at the www.best elc.com Internet site. (b) Out of 22 students, 6 had multiple credit cards. (c) Among 55 people checking in at th

> Which of the following are anecdotal and which are based on sample? (a) Out of 200 students questioned, 40 admitted they lied regularly. (b) Bobbie says the produce at Market W is the freshest in the city. (c) Out of 50 persons interviewed at a shoppi

> Each year a local weekly newspaper gives out "Best of the City" awards in categories such as restaurant, deli, pastry shop, and so on. Readers are asked to fill in their favorites on a form at the web site of the weekly paper. The establishment receiving

> A magazine that features the latest electronics and computer software for homes enclosed a short questionnaire on a postcard. Readers were asked to answer questions concerning their use and ownership of various software and hardware products, and to then

> It is often easy to put off doing an unpleasant task. At a Website, persons can take a test and receive a score that determines if they have a serious problem with procrastination. Should the scores from people who take this test online be considered a r

> An interested student used the method of least squares to fit the straight line y^ = 850. 7 + 320.3x to gross domestic product, y, in real dollars. The results for 26 recent years, x = 1, 2, ... , 26, appear here. Which assumption for a linear regression

> Refer to the data of college qualification test scores given in Exercise 2.22. (a) Find the median. (b) Find Q1 and Q3. Data from Exercise 2.22: The following data represent the scores of 40 students on a college qualification test (courtesy of R. W.

> A student is asked to estimate the mean height of all male students on campus. She decides to use the heights of members of the basketball team because they are conveniently printed in the game program. (a) Identify the statistical population and the sa

> Consider the population of persons living in Chicago. You want to learn about the proportion of eligible voters who are registered to vote. (a) Specify the population unit. (b) Specify the variable of interest. (c) Specify the statistical population.

> Consider the population of all students at your college. You want to learn about total monthly entertainment expenses for a student. (a) Specify the population unit. (b) Specify the variable of interest. (c) Specify the statistical population.

> A newspaper headline reads, College Students Display An Inability To Tell Fake News from Real and the article explains this conclusion was reached from the responses of 2300 students at ten colleges concerning whether or not a case of social media type n

> Refer to the green gas made by two catalysts. Perform a Wilcoxon rank sum test with the intention of showing that catalyst l produces larger product volume. Take a approximately equal to .05.

> The possible synergetic effect of insecticides and herbicides is a matter of concern to many environmentalists. It is feared that farmers who apply both herbicides and insecticides to a crop may enhance the toxicity of the insecticide beyond the desired

> A project (courtesy of Howard Garber) is constructed to prevent the decline of intellectual performance in children who have a high risk of the most common type of mental retardation, called cultural-familial. It is believed that this can be accomplished

> Referring to the data in Exercise 15.5, is there strong evidence of a difference in the serum phosphate level between the two breeds? Data from Example 15.5: The following data pertain to the serum calcium measurements in units of IU/L and the serum alk

> The following data pertain to the serum calcium measurements in units of IU/L and the serum alkaline phosphate measurements in units of &Acirc;&micro;g/ml for two breeds of pigs, Chester White and Hampshire: Using the Wilcoxon rank-sum procedure, test if

> The number of breathing pauses per hour (BPH) helps determine a sleeping disorder. We took a random sample of 3 males, population A, and a random sample of 2 females and obtained the values of BPH (a) Evaluate WA. (b) Evaluate WS.

> With reference to Exercise 2.3, calculate the quartiles. Data from Exercise 2.3: A student at the University of Wisconsin surveyed 40 students in her dorm concerning their participation in extracurricular activities during the past week. The data on num

> Using Appendix B, Table 8, find: (a) P[WS &acirc;&#137;&yen; 44] when nA = 5, nB = 7. (b) P[WS &acirc;&#137;&curren; 19] when nA = 6, nB = 5. (c) The point c such that P [WS &acirc;&#137;&yen; c] is close to .05 when nA = 8, nB = 8.

> Determine the significance probability of rSP = .4, using the one-sided test, when n = 40.

> The following scores are obtained on a test of dexterity and aggression administered to a random sample of 10 high school seniors. Evaluate Spearman's statistic.

> The data for the contaminated lake are Evaluate rSP and verify your answer using software.

> Refer to Exercise 11.26 and the first four countries in Table 7. Internet penetration and the human development index (HDI) are Calculate Spearman's rank correlation. Data from Exercise 11.26: Using Appendix B, Table 8, find: (a) P [ Ws &acirc;&#137;&ye