Question: Central Sprinkler Corporation manufactures and

> On March 23, 2010, President Obama signed into law a major overhaul of the U.S. healthcare system. The Congressional Budget Office estimated that this legislation will reduce the U.S. government budget deficit by around $140 billion for the next ten year

> The financial crisis that hit the United States first and then the world economy starting in fall 2007 meant that the future prospects of many firms looked gloomy at best for some time. Comment on the effect of a recession on the investment curve (only)

> Consider the (rather implausible) scenario in which the U.S. government phases out all Social Security transfers to retirees. Assuming the goods market is in equilibrium, graph the new saving curve and comment on the effects on the level of saving, inves

> Assume that you have saved $20,000 and that you are considering a couple of options. One of them is to use these funds as a down payment on a newly built house. The other one is to buy a U.S. savings bond. a) Which option will add to the economy’s capita

> Comment on the effect of an increase in the government budget surplus (or a decrease in the government budget deficit) on the real interest rate, desired saving, and net exports for a a) large open economy. b) small open economy.

> Suppose that you work at the statistical office of a given country. The graph plots estimates of the labor and capital income shares for that country over time. Your boss suggests that a Cobb-Douglas production function could be a good representation o

> Suppose an economy has total income of $8 trillion, where total labor income equals $6 trillion and capital income equals $2 trillion. Which are the values of the exponents on labor and capital using a Cobb-Douglas production function?

> A manufacturer of toys is employing fifty workers and using fifteen pieces of equipment to assemble toys. Currently, the marginal product of labor is $5 and the marginal product of capital is $25. Assuming the market prices for labor and capital are $12

> The figure below represents the production function relating output to capital in the United States. Suppose unusual weather conditions result in a higher than expected crop yield in the mid western states. a) Draw the new production function in the same

> Go to the St. Louis Federal Reserve FRED database, and find data on nominal wages (COMPNFB) and prices using the consumer price index (CPIAUCSL). Convert the data series to annual data by using the “frequency” setting on the website, and choose the units

> Go to the St. Louis Federal Reserve FRED database, and calculate the GDP growth rate and inflation rate. For GDP, use (GDPC1). For the inflation rate, use the personal consumption expenditure price index (PCECTPI). For each series, change the units to Pe

> For each of the following pairs of variables, pull the data from the St. Louis Federal Reserve FRED database and create a scatter plot graph of the two variables using Excel. For each pair, name the exogenous variable relative to the endogenous variable,

> The U.S. Treasury issues some bonds as Treasury Inflation Indexed Securities, or TIIS, which are bonds adjusted for inflation: hence the yields can be roughly interpreted as real interest rates. Go to the St. Louis Federal Reserve FRED database and find

> Go to the St. Louis Federal Reserve FRED database and find the most recent values of the unemployment rate (UNRATE), the labor force participation rate (CIVPART), and the labor force (CLF16OV). Using these values, calculate the number of people not in th

> Go to the St. Louis Federal Reserve FRED database and find the most recent values, and values from one year earlier, for nominal GDP (GDP) and real GDP (GDPC1). a) Compute the GDP price deflator for the most recent period and for one year prior to the mo

> Go to the St. Louis Federal Reserve FRED database, and find the most recent values for Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and Gross National Product (GNP). a) Calculate net factor income using the most recent values. b) Based on the most recent values, explain

> Go to the St. Louis Federal Reserve FRED database and find data on government saving (GGSAVE). a) Describe what has happened to government saving from 2005 to the most current data available. b) Based on your answer to part (a), what do you expect should

> What is the effect of an increase in domestic saving or domestic investment on the trade balance and net capital outflows?

> What is the Fisher effect? What is its significance?

> Assume that the marginal product of capital is given by the following expression: MPK =60 K0.7 (K is measured in trillions). a) Graph the demand curve for capital and find the equilibrium real rental rate of capital if capital supply is ten

> Use the accompanying table to calculate the following statistics for Brazil: a) Labor force b) Labor-force participation rate c) Unemployment rate Adult Population (millions)…………………………………………140 Unemployed (millions)…………………………………………………..7 Employed (milli

> What macroeconomic conditions, issues, and events can shape your future?

> What happens to the overall level of prices during periods of inflation and deflation?

> What is the business cycle? Which part of the business cycle is of particular concern to macroeconomists? Why?

> What key assumption of classical economists provides the basis for their analysis of the relationship between money and other economic variables?

> What causes desired saving to increase? What effects will an increase in desired saving have in a closed economy?

> Go to the St. Louis Federal Reserve FRED database, and find data on exports (BOPXGS) and imports (BOPMGS). a) Calculate net exports for the most current period available. Is the United States currently running a trade balance, surplus, or deficit? b) Whe

> Suppose Japan has a GDP of $5 trillion, and that its national savings rate is 25%. a) Calculate Japan’s national saving. b) Calculate Japan’s government saving if private saving is $800 billion.

> What is the consumer price index, who calculates it, and how is it calculated and used to measure the inflation rate?

> Describe the GDP deflator and the personal consumption expenditure deflator.

> Consider the following diagram of a small open economy: a) Calculate net exports and the capital outflow when the world real interest rate is 7%. b). Calculate net exports and the capital outflow when the world real interest rate is 5%.

> How do macroeconomists distinguish between nominal and real values of variables? Does nominal GDP or real GDP provide a better picture of changes in economic activity and economic well-being? Why?

> What are the main types of income included in national income? Why doesn’t national income equal GDP?

> Identify the four major expenditure components in the national income identity and discuss the major subcategories of each component.

> Why are capital goods and inventories treated differently from intermediate goods in the production approach to measuring GDP?

> Distinguish between a flow measure and a stock measure. Which type of measure is GDP?

> How is GDP defined in the production approach to measuring economic activity? Explain how economists at the U.S. Department of Commerce’s Bureau of Economic Analysis account for the production of goods and services that are not sold in markets, the produ

> Explain the differences between nominal and real interest rates and between ex ante and ex post real interest rates.

> What does the unemployment rate measure, who calculates it, and how is it calculated?

> What is the fundamental identity of national income accounting? What is its significance?

> What is hyperinflation? What has been the main cause of hyperinflation episodes?

> Go to the St. Louis Federal Reserve FRED database, find data on Gross Private Saving (GPSAVE) and Gross Saving (GSAVE), and download the data. a) How have these variables changed from 5 years earlier to the latest available data? b) Calculate Gross Gover

> Go to the St. Louis Federal Reserve FRED database, and find data on the M1 Money Stock (M1SL), M1 Money Velocity (M1V), and Real GDP (GDPC1). Convert the M1SL data series to “quarterly” using the frequency setting, and for all three series, use the “Perc

> Second National Insurance Company provided this information for its trading securities portfolio: Required: 1. Provide the journal entries to record the fair value adjustment on December 31, 2016. Assume that Second National uses an account entitled Fa

> Goff Corporation acquired stock of Spiegel, Inc., on March 1, 2016, at a cost of $500,000. The stock had a fair value of $550,000 at December 31, 2016, $610,000 at December 31, 2017, and $590,000 at December 31, 2018. Goff sold the stock for $640,000 on

> In its 2005 annual report, Waste Management Inc. provided the following note to the financial statements: Financial Interest in Surety Bonding Company—During the third quarter of 2003, we issued a letter of credit to support the debt of a surety bonding

> On January 1, 2018, Wilson Corporation acquired mortgage-backed securities (MBS) from National Financial for $10,000 and classified the investment in its available-for-sale (AFS) portfolio. On December 31, 2018, the MBS’s fair value had declined to $7,00

> AutoParts Heaven is a U.S. company whose operations include a large, 100% owned foreign subsidiary. The subsidiary’s functional currency is the U.S. dollar. The local currency in the country where the foreign subsidiary operates is appreciating against t

> On January 1, 2017, Figland Company purchased for cash 40% of Irene Company’s 300,000 shares of voting common stock for $1,800,000. At the time, 40% of the book value of the underlying equity in Irene’s net assets was $1,400,000; $50,000 of the excess wa

> Tredegar Industries Inc. makes plastic films and molded plastic products and soft alloy aluminum extrusions, distributes business applications software, and provides proprietary chemistry services. A note to the company’s annual report states: While cert

> The Shareholders’ Equity section of Holiday Roads Company’s balance sheet shows: Net income for 2017 was $1,700,000, preferred stock dividends were $200,000, and common stock dividends were $500,000. The company issu

> Avnext Industries issues 10-year convertible notes at par for $10,000 on December 31, 2017. The notes mature in 10 years and are convertible into 400 shares of Avnext common stock at any time after January 1, 2022. Interest is paid annually at the end of

> Statements of cash flows are provided for three companies: Telstra Corporation Limited is an Australian telecommunications and media company, formerly owned by the Australian government and privatized in stages from the late 1990s. Telstra is the larges

> On January 1, 2012, when its $30 par-value common stock was selling for $80 per share, Gierach Corporation issued $10 million of 4% convertible debentures due in 10 years. The conversion option allowed the holder of each $1,000 bond to convert the bond i

> It’s July 1, 2018, and the market price of Warm Ways’ common stock is $175 per share. There are 1.1 million common shares outstanding, and the Retained earnings account shows a balance of $45,000,000. Management wants to declare and pay a 20% common stoc

> The stockholders’ equity section of Warm Ways Inc.’s balance sheet at January 1, 2017, shows: Preferred stock, $100 par value, 10% dividend, 50,000 shares issued and outstanding ………………….. $ 5,000,000 Common stock, $6 par value, 1 million shares issued

> Massey Coal just issued $50 million of convertible notes. Each note has a $1,000 face value, a stated interest rate of 2%, and matures in five years from the issue date. Investors have the option of holding each note to maturity or converting the note in

> Kadri Corporation reported basic EPS of $3.00 and diluted EPS of $2.40 for 2017. Its EPS calculations follow: Required: Kadri issued the convertible preferred stock at the beginning of 2017 and the Series A and Series B convertible debt at par in late

> Hanigan Manufacturing had 1,800,000 shares of common stock outstanding as of January 1, 2017, and 900,000 shares of 10% noncumulative (nonconvertible) preferred stock outstanding. Required: The following events occurred during 2017: On February 28, Han

> AT&T Wireless Services was once one of the largest wireless communication—think “cell phones”—service providers in the United States. Information from its annual report to shareh

> Keystone Enterprises just announced record 2017 EPS of $5.00, up $0.25 from last year. This is the tenth consecutive year that the company has increased its EPS, an enviable record. Unfortunately, management fears that this string of EPS increases is abo

> The following excerpts are taken from the annual report of J. Crew Group, Inc. At January 29, 2005 and January 28, 2006, 92,800 shares of Series A preferred stock and 32,500 shares of Series B preferred stock were issued and outstanding. Dividends compou

> The following excerpt is from Ball Corporation’s 2006 annual report. Effective January 1, 2006, the company adopted SFAS No. 123 (revised 2004), “Share-Based Payment,” and elected to use the . . . Black–Scholes valuation model. Tax benefits associated wi

> Excerpts from the Year 2 annual report of Air Products and Chemicals, Inc., follow. The income statement and balance sheet are condensed but the note entitled “Summarized Financial Information of Equity Affiliates” is

> On January 2, 2017, Dwyer Corporation granted 10,000 nonqualified stock options each to four of its key executives (40,000 options in total). Under the terms of the option plan, upon exercise, each executive will pay the exercise price of $10 per share o

> On January 1, 2017, Darth Corp. granted nonqualified stock options to certain key employees as additional compensation. The options were for 100,000 shares of Darth’s $1 par value common stock at an exercise price of $24 per share. The market price of th

> Riggs Corporation has the following balance sheet information at December 31, 2016. Current liabilities …………………...…………………...…………………...$ 800,000 Convertible bonds ($1,000 par, 5%) …………………...…………………...2,000,000 Common stock ($1 par, 300,000 shares issued

> In its December 31, 2016, balance sheet, Castle, Inc., reported 400,000 issued shares of common stock and 50,000 shares of treasury stock. The 2016 annual report also reported 100,000 exercisable incentive stock options. Each option allows the holder to

> Nike Inc. is one of the world’s largest sellers of athletic footwear and athletic apparel. The following information is from Nike’s annual report. Note 7: Redeemable Preferred Stock NIAC is the sole owner of the Compan

> Trask Corporation, a public company whose shares are traded in the over-the-counter market, had the following shareholders’ equity account balances at December 31, 2016: Common stock …………………..…………………..…………………..$ 7,875,000 Additional paid-in capital (incl

> Berle Corp. has a defined benefit pension plan that features the following data: January 1, 2016 (beginning of fiscal year): Fair value of plan assets ……………….……………….………………. $4,000 Projected benefit obligation ……………….……………….………………. $6,200 Accumulated be

> Selected pension information extracted from the retirement benefits note that appeared in Green’s 2017 annual report follows. (These numbers have been modified but are based on the activities of a real company whose name has been disgui

> The following information pertains to the pension plan of Beatty Business Group: Note that the information in Columns (2) and (3) are as of the beginning of the year, whereas the information in Column (4) is measured over the year. The AOCIâ&#128

> The following information is based on an actual annual report. Different names and years are being used. Bond and some of its subsidiaries provide certain postretirement medical, dental, and vision care and life insurance for retirees and their dependent

> On December 31, 2009, Internet Capital Group (ICG) acquired 89% of the equity of GovDelivery for $19,670,000. This acquisition was accounted for under the acquisition method. In its 10-K filing with the SEC, ICG disclosed the following purchase price all

> Use the same set of facts as in P14-7. In addition, assume that based on ERISA rules, Magee Corporation must contribute the following amounts to the pension fund: Magee intends to fund the pension plan only to the extent required by ERISA rules. Assume

> On January 1, 2017, Magee Corporation started doing business by hiring R. Walker as an employee at an annual salary of $50,000, with an annual salary increment of $10,000. Based on his current age and the company’s retirement program, Walker is required

> Assume the same facts for ABC Corporation as in P14-5 with the following exceptions: Assume both that ABC fully funds the estimated PBO on January 1, 2017, and that invested funds earn an actual return of 12% in 2017. Suppose that in addition to fundin

> Assume that the pension benefit formula of ABC Corporation calls for paying a pension benefit of $250 per year for each year of service with the company plus 50% of the projected last year’s salary at retirement. Payments begin one year after the employe

> Required: You have the following information related to Chalmers Corporation’s pension plan: 1. Defined benefit, noncontributory pension plan. 2. Plan initiation, January 1, 2017 (no credit given for prior service). 3. Retirement benefits paid at year-en

> Puhlman Inc. provides a defined benefit pension plan to its employees. It smooths recognition of its gains and losses when computing its market-related value to compute expected return. Additional information follows: During 2017, the PBO increased by

> Turner Inc. provides a defined benefit pension plan to its employees. The company has 150 employees. The remaining amortization period at December 31, 2016, for prior service cost is 5 years. The average remaining service life of employees is 11 years at

> The following information pertains to Sparta Company’s defined benefit pension plan for 2017: Discount rate ……………….………………. 8% Expected rate of return on plan assets ……………….………………. 10% Remaining amortization period at 1/1 for prior service cost ……………….

> ForeEver Yours, Inc., a manufacturer of wedding rings, issued two financial instruments at the beginning of 2017: a $10 million, 40-year bond that pays interest at the rate of 11% annually and 10,000 shares of $100 preferred stock that pays a dividend of

> The Retained earnings account for Nathan Corporation had a credit balance of $800,000 at the end of 2016. Selected transactions during 2017 follow: a. Net income was $130,000. b. Cash dividends declared were $60,000. c. Repurchased 100 shares of Nathan C

> The disclosure rules for business combinations complicate financial analysis. Trend analysis becomes difficult because comparative financial statements are not retroactively adjusted to include data for the acquired company for periods prior to the acqui

> Nome Company sponsors a defined benefit plan covering all employees. Benefits are based on years of service and compensation levels at the time of retirement. Nome has a September 30 fiscal year-ends. It determined that as of September 30, 2017, its ABO

> On January 1, 2017, East Corporation adopted a defined benefit pension plan. At plan inception, the prior service cost was $60,000. In 2017, East incurred service cost of $150,000 and amortized $12,000 of prior service cost. On December 31, 2017, East co

> Dell Company adopted a defined benefit pension plan on January 1, 2017. Dell amortizes the initial prior service cost of $1,334,400 over 16 years. It assumes a 7% discount rate and an 8% expected rate of return. The following additional data are availabl

> The following information pertains to Kane Company’s defined benefit pension plan: Balance sheet asset, ……………………. 1/1/2017 $ 2,000 AOCI—prior service cost, ……………... 1/1/2017 24,000 Service cost …………………….…………... 19,000 Interest cost …………………….………… 38,000

> The following information pertains to Gali Company’s defined benefit pension plan for 2017: Fair value of plan assets, beginning of year ………… $350,000 Fair value of plan assets, end of year ………………… 525,000 Employer contributions …………………………………. 110,000

> Use the facts given in E14-4. Repeat the requirements assuming that the discount and earnings rate is 11% instead of 8%. E14-4: Mary Abbott is a long-time employee of Love Enterprises, a manufacturer and distributor of farm implements. Abbott plans to r

> Mary Abbott is a long-time employee of Love Enterprises, a manufacturer and distributor of farm implements. Abbott plans to retire on her 65th birthday, five years from January 1, 2017. Her salary at January 1, 2017 is $48,000 per year, and her projected

> The stockholders’ equity section of Peter Corporation’s balance sheet at December 31, 2017, follows: Common stock ($10 par value); authorized …………………… 1,000,000 shares, issued and outstanding 900,000 shares ………… $ 9,000,000 Additional paid-in capital ……

> The following data pertain to Tyne Company’s investments in marketable equity securities. (Assume that all securities were held throughout 2019 and 2020.) Note that the new FASB guidance on accounting for minority-passive investments is

> 1. What is the difference between preferred stock and common stock? 2. What is treasury stock? 3. Why does the SEC require companies to exclude redeemable preferred stock from shareholders’ equity even when redemption is not mandatory? 4. Describe how th

> [A] Aon Corporation’s Mezzanine Preferred Stock In its 2002 annual report to shareholders, Aon Corporation described its mandatorily redeemable preferred stock as follows: In January 1997, Aon created Aon Capital A, a wholly-owned statu

> Selected financial statements for Ralston Company, a sole proprietorship, are as follows: Additional Information: a. During 2017, equipment having accumulated depreciation of $4,500 was sold for a $3,000 gain. b. A $3,750 lease payment was made in 201

> Karr Inc. reported net income of $300,000 for 2017. Changes occurred in several balance sheet accounts as follows: Equipment ……………... $25,000 increase Accumulated depreciation ……………...40,000 increase Note payable ……………...30,000 increase Additional Inf

> During 2017, King Corporation wrote off accounts receivable totaling $25,000 and made sales, all on account, of $710,000. Other information about the company’s sales activities follows: In addition, in February 2017, King accepted a $