Question: For each description of data in Exercises

> American automobile companies are becoming more motivated to improve the fuel efficiency of the automobiles they produce. It is well known that fuel efficiency is impacted by many characteristics of the car. Describe what these boxplots tell you about th

> A driver has recorded and posted on the Internet (www.randomuseless.info/gasprice/gasprice.html) the price he paid for gasoline at every purchase from 1979 to 2012. Since 1984 all purchases were self-serve and all were for premium (92–9

> The data set provided contains 2016 (4th quarter) unemployment rates for 38 developed countries (www.oecd.org). Produce an appropriate graphical display and brief ly describe the distribution of unemployment rates. Report and comment on any outliers you

> In the early days of the iPod, MacInTouch (www.macintouch.com/reliability/ipodfailures.html) surveyed readers about reliability. Of the 8926 iPods owned at that time, 7510 were problem-free while the other 1416 failed. From the data, compute the failure

> Insurance companies don’t know whether a policy they’ve written is profitable until the policy matures (expires). To see how they’ve performed recently, an analyst looked at mature policies and investigated the net profit to the company (in $). a) Make

> Sales (in $) for one week were collected for 18 stores in a food store chain in the northeastern United States. The stores and the towns they are located in vary in size. a) Make a suitable display of the sales from the data provided. b) Summarize the ce

> A real estate agent has surveyed houses in 20 nearby ZIP codes in an attempt to put together a comparison for a new property that she would like to put on the market. She knows that the size of the living area of a house is a strong factor in the price,

> A startup company is planning to build a new golf course. For marketing purposes, the company would like to be able to advertise the new course as one of the more difficult courses in the state of Vermont. One measure of the difficulty of a golf course i

> Established in Paris in 1961, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) (www.oecd.org) collects information on many economic and social aspects of countries around the world. Here are the 2016 GDP growth rates (in percentages) of 3

> The U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) collects data on the total energy used per capita in transportation for each state and the District of Columbia. The data show the per capita consumption in the year 2015 in millions of BTU per person. Wri

> An insurance company needs to assess the risks associated with providing hurricane insurance. During the 18 years from 2000 to 2017, Florida has been affected by 29 hurricanes. If hurricanes are independent and the mean has not changed, what is the proba

> The weekly prices of one brand of frozen pizza over a three-year period in Chicago are provided in the data file. Use the price data to answer the following questions. a) Find the five-number summary for these data. b) Find the range and IQR for these da

> The weekly prices of one brand of frozen pizza over a three-year period in Dallas are provided in the data file. Use the price data to answer the following questions. a) Find the five-number summary for these data. b) Find the range and IQR for these dat

> Look once more at data of home runs hit by Mark McGwire during his 16-year career as seen in Exercise 36. a) Would you use the mean or the median to summarize the center of this distribution? Why? b) Find the median. c) Without actually finding the mean,

> Look once more at data of hockey games played each season by Wayne Gretzky, seen in Exercise 35. a) Would you use the mean or the median to summarize the center of this distribution? Why? b) Without actually finding the mean, would you expect it to be lo

> McGwire. In his 16-year career as a player in major league baseball, Mark McGwire hit 583 home runs, placing him eighth on the all-time home run list (as of 2008). Here are the number of home runs that McGwire hit for each year from 1986 through 2001: 3,

> During his 20 seasons in the National Hockey League, Wayne Gretzky scored 50% more points than anyone else who ever played professional hockey. He accomplished this amazing feat while playing in 280 fewer games than Gordie Howe, the previous record holde

> Use the data set of Exercise 32 to answer the following questions. a) Find the five-number summary for these data. b) Create a boxplot for these data. c) What can you see, if anything, in the histogram of Exercise 32 that isn’t clear in

> Use the data set of Exercise 31 to answer the following questions. a) Find the five-number summary for these data. b) Find appropriate measures of center and spread for these data. c) Create a boxplot for these data. d) What can you see, if anything, in

> A researcher, interested in studying gender differences in negotiations, collects data on the prices that men and women pay for new cars. Here is a histogram of the discounts (the amount in $ below the list price) that men and women received at one car d

> On December 30, 2016, the Standard and Poor’s (S&P) 500 index hit an all-time high. During 2016, the S&P returned 12.25%. Here is a histogram of the 2016 net returns (total return – annual expenses) for Money M

> Cellophane that is going to be formed into bags for items such as dried beans or bird seed is passed over a light sensor to test if the alignment is correct before it passes through the heating units that seal the edges. Small adjustments can be made by

> The website LosAngelesGasPrices.com has current gasoline prices all over the United States. In the week of September 10, 2017, the following histogram shows the gas prices at 44 stations in the San Francisco Bay Area. Describe the shape of this distribut

> A clothing manufacturer wants to study men’s neck sizes to plan how many shirts of different sizes to produce (shirt sizes are generally one-half inch larger than measured neck sizes and rounded to the nearest half inch). The following

> In the same survey as that discussed in Exercise 27, GfK Roper Consulting also asked “How important is having control over people and resources to you?” The percent who responded that it was of more than average import

> GfK Roper Reports Worldwide surveyed people, asking them “How important is acquiring wealth to you?” The percent who responded that it was of more than average importance were: 71.9% China, 59.6% France, 76.1% India, 4

> In the history of the modern Olympics, the United States has won more medals than any other country. But the United States has a large population. Perhaps a better measure of success is the number of medals won per capita—that is the nu

> Data from the International Tanker Owners Pollution Federation Limited (www .itopf.com) give the cause of spillage for 460 large oil tanker accidents from 1970 to 2016. Here are the displays. Write a brief report interpreting what the displays show. Is a

> The Wells Fargo/Gallup Small Business Index survey from Exercise 23 also asked 604 small businesses about their cash f low over the next 12 months. 13% responded “Very Good,” 37% “Somewhat good,” 21% “Neither good nor poor,” 20% “Somewhat poor,” and 7% “

> Pew Research published a study on Americans’ satisfaction with their current job (www.pewsocialtrends.org/2016/10/06/3-how-americans-viewtheir- jobs/). They found that 49% of American workers say they are very satisfied with their current job, 30% are so

> For the following examples in Exercises 31 to 34, indicate whether the data are time series or cross-sectional. Attendance at the third World Series game recording the age of each fan.

> For the following examples in Exercises 31 to 34, indicate whether the data are time series or cross-sectional. Average diameter of trees brought to a sawmill in each week of a year.

> A company that manufactures large LCD screens knows that not all pixels on their screen light, even if they spend great care when making them. In a sheet 6 ft by 10 ft (72 in. by 120 in.) that will be cut into smaller screens, they find an average of 4.7

> For the following examples in Exercises 31 to 34, indicate whether the data are time series or cross-sectional. Number of motorcycles sold by a dealership in each month of 2014.

> For the following examples in Exercises 31 to 34, indicate whether the data are time series or cross-sectional. Number of cars sold by each salesperson in a dealership in September.

> When you organize data in a spreadsheet, it is important to lay it out as a data table. For each of these examples in Exercises 27 to 30, show how you would lay out these data. Indicate the headings of columns and what would be found in each row. Data co

> When you organize data in a spreadsheet, it is important to lay it out as a data table. For each of these examples in Exercises 27 to 30, show how you would lay out these data. Indicate the headings of columns and what would be found in each row. Data co

> When you organize data in a spreadsheet, it is important to lay it out as a data table. For each of these examples in Exercises 27 to 30, show how you would lay out these data. Indicate the headings of columns and what would be found in each row. Data co

> When you organize data in a spreadsheet, it is important to lay it out as a data table. For each of these examples in Exercises 27 to 30, show how you would lay out these data. Indicate the headings of columns and what would be found in each row. For a s

> For each description of data in Exercises 7 to 26, identify the W’s, name the variables, specify for each variable whether its use indicates it should be treated as categorical or quantitative, and for any quantitative variable identify the units in whic

> For each description of data in Exercises 7 to 26, identify the W’s, name the variables, specify for each variable whether its use indicates it should be treated as categorical or quantitative, and for any quantitative variable identify

> For each description of data in Exercises 7 to 26, identify the W’s, name the variables, specify for each variable whether its use indicates it should be treated as categorical or quantitative, and for any quantitative variable identify the units in whic

> For each description of data in Exercises 7 to 26, identify the W’s, name the variables, specify for each variable whether its use indicates it should be treated as categorical or quantitative, and for any quantitative variable identify the units in whic

> College students are a major target for advertisements for credit cards. At a university, 65% of students surveyed said they had opened a new credit card account within the past year. If that percentage is accurate, how many students would you expect to

> For each description of data in Exercises 7 to 26, identify the W’s, name the variables, specify for each variable whether its use indicates it should be treated as categorical or quantitative, and for any quantitative variable identify the units in whic

> For each description of data in Exercises 7 to 26, identify the W’s, name the variables, specify for each variable whether its use indicates it should be treated as categorical or quantitative, and for any quantitative variable identify the units in whic

> For each description of data in Exercises 7 to 26, identify the W’s, name the variables, specify for each variable whether its use indicates it should be treated as categorical or quantitative, and for any quantitative variable identify the units in whic

> For each description of data in Exercises 7 to 26, identify the W’s, name the variables, specify for each variable whether its use indicates it should be treated as categorical or quantitative, and for any quantitative variable identify the units in whic

> For each description of data in Exercises 7 to 26, identify the W’s, name the variables, specify for each variable whether its use indicates it should be treated as categorical or quantitative, and for any quantitative variable identify the units in whic

> For each description of data in Exercises 7 to 26, identify the W’s, name the variables, specify for each variable whether its use indicates it should be treated as categorical or quantitative, and for any quantitative variable identify the units in whic

> For each description of data in Exercises 7 to 26, identify the W’s, name the variables, specify for each variable whether its use indicates it should be treated as categorical or quantitative, and for any quantitative variable identify the units in whic

> Develop your own table of data that is a business example of Simpson’s Paradox. Explain the conflict between the conclusions made from the conditional and marginal distributions.

> A 1975 article in the magazine Science examined the graduate admissions process at Berkeley for evidence of gender bias. The following table shows the number of applicants accepted to each of four graduate programs. a) What percent of total applicants

> Researchers testing a new medication find that 7% of users have side effects. To how many patients would a doctor expect to prescribe the medication before finding the first one who has side effects?

> A company must decide which of two delivery services they will contract with. During a recent trial period, they shipped numerous packages with each service and have kept track of how often deliveries did not arrive on time. Here are the data. a) Compa

> An insurance company that provides medical insurance is concerned with recent data. They suspect that patients who undergo surgery at large hospitals have their discharges delayed for various reasons— which results in increased medical

> A company that distributes a variety of pet foods is planning their next advertising campaign. Since different publications are read by different market segments, they would like to know how pet ownership is distributed across different income segments.

> Look back at the table in Exercise 43 concerning desires for success and a high-paying career. That table presented only the percentages, but Pew Research reported the numbers of respondents in the major categories: With this additional information you

> A department store is planning its next advertising campaign. Since different publication are read by different market segments, they would like to know if they should be targeting specific age segments. The results of a marketing survey are summarized i

> The Motion Picture Association of America studies the ethnicity of moviegoers to understand changes in the demographics of moviegoers over time. Here are the numbers of moviegoers (in millions) classified as to whether they were Hispanic, African- Americ

> The U.S. Department of Labor (www.bls.gov) collects data on the number of U.S. workers who are employed at or below the minimum wage. Here is a table showing the number of hourly workers by Age and Sex and the number who were paid at or below the prevail

> Pew research surveyed 25- to 34-yearold adults in 2013 and asked them how important it is “to you personally” to have a high-paying job? Here is a table reporting the responses. a) What percent of women consider it v

> In 2015, the following data were reported by the U.S. Census Bureau. The data show the number of people (in thousands) living above and below the poverty line in each of the four regions of the United States (www.census.gov/content/dam/Census/ library/pu

> A study by the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center examined 626 people to see if there was an increased risk of contracting hepatitis C associated with having a tattoo. If the subject had a tattoo, researchers asked whether it had been done i

> Suppose a computer chip manufacturer rejects 2% of the chips produced because they fail presale testing. Assuming the bad chips are independent, find the probability of each of the following. a) The fifth chip they test is the first bad one they find.

> The following table shows attendance data collected by the Motion Picture Association of America during the period 2014 to 2016. Figures are the number (in millions) of frequent moviegoers in each age group. a) What percent of all frequent moviegoers o

> The following table shows the number of films in each MPAA (www.mpaa.org) rating by year for each of the years between 2006 and 2015. (Data extracted from Movies 06-15) a) What percent of all these films are G rated? b) What percent of all films in 200

> The same university as in Exercise 37 reported the following data on the gender of their students in their two MBA programs. a) What percent of all MBA students are women? b) What percent of Two-Year MBAs are women? c) What percent of Evening MBAs are

> A survey of the entering MBA students at a university in the United States classified the country of origin of the students, as seen in the table. a) What percent of all MBA students were from North America? b) What percent of the Two-Year MBAs were fr

> It has become more common for shoppers to “comparison shop” using the Internet. Respondents to a Pew survey who owned cell phones were asked whether they had, in the past 30 days, looked up the price of a product while

> The movie ratings system is a voluntary system operated jointly by the Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA) and the National Association of Theatre Owners (NATO). The ratings themselves are given by a board of parents who are members of the Class

> Apple, Inc., divides their expenses into four categories: Cost of Revenue; Research & Development; Selling, General, & Administrative; and Income Taxes. The table below shows these categories for Apple from 2014 to 2016. a) What percent of tota

> The government and many companies are interested in the number of people who lose their home because they are unable to pay. The process of losing a home has three stages, which begin with a “foreclosure filing.” At so

> A company started and managed by business students is selling campus calendars. The students have conducted a market survey with the various campus constituents to determine sales potential and identify which market segments should be targeted. (Should t

> The following table displays information for 470 of the S&P 500 stocks, on how their one-day change on a day on which the S&P 500 index gained 1.23% compared with their year-to-date change. a) What percent of the companies reported a positive c

> A salesman normally makes a sale (closes) on 80% of his presentations. Assuming the presentations are independent, find the probability of each of the following. a) He fails to close for the first time on his fifth attempt. b) He closes his first prese

> A study of a sample of 1057 houses in upstate New York reports the following percentages of houses falling into different Price and Size categories. a) Are these column, row, or total percentages? How do you know? b) What percent of the highest priced

> GE derives revenue from eight operating segments, including three iconic divisions: Power, Aviation, and Healthcare. The following table shows the percentage of all revenue derived from these sources for the period from 2011 to 2015. a) Are these row o

> Here are the same data you saw in Exercise 77 after re-expressions as the square root of assets and the logarithm of assets. a) Which re-expression do you prefer? Why? b) In the square root re-expression, what does the value 50 actually indicate about

> Here is a histogram of the assets (in millions of dollars) of 79 companies chosen from the Forbes list of the nation’s top corporations. a) What aspect of this distribution makes it difficult to summarize, or to discuss, center and sp

> Here is a histogram of the monthly CPI as reported by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (www.bls.gov/cpi) from January 2007 through August 2017. Here is the time series plot for the same data. a) What features of the data can you see in the histogram th

> The histogram shows the monthly U.S. unemployment rate from January 2003 to August 2017. Here is the time series plot for the same data. a) What features of the data can you see in the histogram that aren’t clear in the time series

> Standard and Poor’s Case- Shiller Home Price Index measures the residential housing market in metropolitan regions across the United States. The national index, Composite.10, is a composite of 10 regions, and can be found in the data set provided for the

> The data set provided contains U.S. regular retail gasoline prices (cents/gallon) from 2007 to August 2017, from a national sample of gasoline stations obtained from the U.S. Department of Energy. a) Create a histogram of the data and describe the distri

> The World Bank, through their Doing Business project (www.doingbusiness.org), ranks nearly 200 economies on the ease of doing business. One of their rankings measures the ease of starting a business and is made up (in part) of the following variables: nu

> FAOSTAT, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, collects information on the production and consumption of more than 200 food and agricultural products for 200 countries around the world. Here are two tables, one for meat consumption

> Can we use probability models based on Bernoulli trials to investigate the following situations? Explain. a) You survey 500 potential customers to determine their color preference. b) A manufacturer recalls a doll because about 3% have buttons that are

> Here are the number of domestic f lights flown in each year from 2000 to 2016 (www.transtats.bts.gov/homepage.asp): a) Find the correlation of Flights with Year. b) Make a scatterplot and describe the trend. c) Why is the correlation you found in part

> Laptop computers have been growing in popularity according to a study by Current Analysis Inc. Laptops now represent more than half the computer sales in the United States. A campus bookstore sells both types of computers and in the last semester sold 56

> The CEO of a mid-sized company has to relocate to another part of the country. To make it easier, the company has hired a relocation agency to help purchase a house. The CEO has 5 children and so has specified that the house have at least 5 bedrooms, but

> A business student is searching for a used car to purchase, so she posts an ad to a website saying she wants to buy a used Jeep between $18,000 and $20,000. From Kelley’s BlueBook.com, she learns that there are 149 cars matching that de

> A cell phone manufacturer samples cell phones from the assembly to test. She noticed that the number of faulty cell phones in a production run of cell phones is usually small and that the quality of one day’s run seems to have no bearing on the next day.

> A website manager has noticed that during the evening hours, about 3 people per minute check out from their shopping cart and make an online purchase. She believes that each purchase is independent of the others. a) What model might you suggest to model

> My employee seems to leave work anytime between 5 pm and 6 pm, uniformly. a) What is the probability he will still be at work at 5:45 pm? b) What is the probability he will still be at work at 5:45 pm every day this week (M–F)? c) What did you assume

> Defects can occur anywhere on the wheel of a car during the manufacturing process. If X is the angle where the defect occurs, measured from a reference line, then X can be modeled as a uniform random variable on the interval from 0 to 360 degrees. a) Wh

> A tennis player has taken a special course to improve her serving. She thinks that individual serves are independent of each other. She has been able to make a successful first serve 70% of the time. Use a Normal approximation to find the probability she

> Vitamin D is essential for strong, healthy bones. Although the bone disease rickets was largely eliminated in England during the 1950s, some people there are concerned that this generation of children is at increased risk because they are more likely to

> Can we use probability models based on Bernoulli trials to investigate the following situations? Explain. a) Each week a doctor rolls a single die to determine which of his six office staff members gets the preferred parking space. b) A medical researc

> Police estimate that 80% of drivers wear their seatbelts. They set up a safety roadblock, stopping cars to check for seatbelt use. If they stop 120 cars, what’s the probability they find at least 20 drivers not wearing their seatbelt? Use a Normal approx

> A lecture hall has 200 seats with folding arm tablets, 30 of which are designed for left-handers. The typical size of classes that meet there is 188, and we can assume that about 13% of students are left-handed. Use a Normal approximation to find the pro