Question: In an apparatus such as the one

> Calculate the resistance in an RL circuit in which L = 2.50 H and the current increases to 90.0% of its final value in 3.00 s.

> A 25-mH inductor, an 8.0-Ω resistor, and a 6.0-V battery are connected in series as in Figure P20.43. The switch is closed at t = 0. Find the voltage drop across the resistor (a) At t = 0 and (b) After one time constant has passed. Also, find

> The battery terminal voltage in Figure P20.43 is ε = 9.00 V and the current I reaches half its maximum value of 2.00 A at t = 0.100 s after the switch is closed. Calculate (a) The time constant τ. (b) What is the emf across the in

> An RL circuit with L = 3.00 H and an RC circuit with C = 3.00 μF have the same time constant. If the two circuits have the same resistance R, (a) What is the value of R and (b) What is this common time constant?

> An electromagnet can be modeled as an inductor in series with a resistor. Consider a large electromagnet of inductance L = 12.0 H and resistance R = 4.50 Ω connected to a 24.0 V battery and switch as in Figure P20.43. After the switch is clos

> An emf of 24.0 mV is induced in a 500-turn coil when the current is changing at a rate of 10.0 A/s. What is the magnetic flux through each turn of the coil at an instant when the current is 4.00 A?

> A solenoid of radius 2.5 cm has 400 turns and a length of 20 cm. Find (a) Its inductance and (b) The rate at which current must change through it to produce an emf of 75 mV.

> Show that the two expressions for inductance given by L = NфB/I and L = -ε / ΔI/Δt have the same units.

> A loop of wire is placed in a uniform magnetic field. (a) For what orientation of the loop is the magnetic flux a maximum? (b) For what orientation is the flux zero?

> The current in a coil drops from 3.5 A to 2.0 A in 0.50 s. If the average emf induced in the coil is 12 mV, what is the self-inductance of the coil?

> A solenoid with 475 turns has a length of 6.00 cm and a cross-sectional area of 2.80 x 10-9 m2. Find (a) The solenoid’s inductance and (b) The average emf around the solenoid if the current changes from +2.00 A to -2.00 A in 8.33 x 10-3 s.

> A coil of 10.0 turns is in the shape of an ellipse having a major axis of 10.0 cm and a minor axis of 4.00 cm. The coil rotates at 100. rpm in a region in which the magnitude of Earth’s magnetic field is 55.0 μT. What is the maximum voltage induced in th

> A motor has coils with a resistance of 30. Ω and operates from a voltage of 240 V. When the motor is operating at its maximum speed, the back emf is 145 V. Find the current in the coils (a) When the motor is first turned on and (b) When the motor has rea

> A generator connected to the wheel or hub of a bicycle can be used to power lights or small electronic devices. A typical bicycle generator supplies 6.00 V when the wheels rotate at ω = 20.0 rad/s. (a) If the generator’s magnetic field has magnitude B =

> A flat coil enclosing an area of 0.10 m2 is rotating at 60 rev/s, with its axis of rotation perpendicular to a 0.20-T magnetic field. (a) If there are 1 000 turns on the coil, what is the maximum voltage induced in the coil? (b) When the maximum induced

> Considerable scientific work is currently under way to determine whether weak oscillating magnetic fields such as those found near outdoor electric power lines can affect human health. One study indicated that a magnetic field of magnitude 1.0 x 10-3 T,

> A 100-turn square wire coil of area 0.040 m2 rotates about a vertical axis at 1500 rev/min, as indicated in Figure P20.32. The horizontal component of Earth’s magnetic field at the location of the loop is 2.0 x 10-5 T. Calculate the max

> A square coil of wire of side 2.80 cm is placed in a uniform magnetic field of magnitude 1.25 T directed into the page as in Figure P20.31. The coil has 28.0 turns and a resistance of 0.780 Ω. If the coil is rotated through an angle of 90.0&A

> Consider the arrangement shown in Figure P20.30 where R = 6.00 Ω, ℓ = 1.20 m, and B = 2.50 T. (a) At what constant speed should the bar be moved to produce a current of 1.00 A in the resistor? (b) What power is delivered to

> (a) Does the phase angle in an RLC series circuit depend on frequency? (b) What is the phase angle for the circuit when the inductive reactance equals the capacitive reactance?

> Figure P20.29 shows a bar of mass m = 0.200 kg that can slide without friction on a pair of rails separated by a distance ℓ = 1.20 m and located on an inclined plane that makes an angle θ = 25.0° with respect to

> An astronaut is connected to her spacecraft by a 25-m-long tether cord as she and the spacecraft orbit Earth in a circular path at a speed of 3.0 x 103 m/s. At one instant, the voltage measured between the ends of a wire embedded in the cord is measured

> An automobile has a vertical radio antenna 1.20 m long. The automobile travels at 65.0 km/h on a horizontal road where Earth’s magnetic field is 50.0 μT, directed toward the north and downward at an angle of 65.0° below the horizontal. (a) Specify the di

> In one of NASA’s space tether experiments, a 20.0-km-long conducting wire was deployed by the space shuttle as it orbited at 7.86 x 103 m/s around Earth and across Earth’s magnetic field lines. The resulting motional emf was used as a power source. If th

> A pickup truck has a width of 79.8 in. If it is traveling north at 37 m/s through a magnetic field with vertical component of 35 μT, what magnitude emf is induced between the driver and passenger sides of the truck?

> A 2.00 - m length of wire is held in an east–west direction and moves horizontally to the north with a speed of 15.0 m/s. The vertical component of Earth’s magnetic field in this region is 40.0 μT directed downward. Calculate the induced emf between the

> A truck is carrying a steel beam of length 15.0 m on a freeway. An accident causes the beam to be dumped off the truck and slide horizontally along the ground at a speed of 25.0 m/s. The velocity of the center of mass of the beam is northward while the l

> An N - turn circular wire coil of radius r lies in the xy - plane (the plane of the page), as in Figure P20.10. A uniform magnetic field is turned on, increasing steadily from 0 to B0 in the positive z - direction in t seconds. (a) Find a symbolic expres

> To monitor the breathing of a hospital patient, a thin belt is girded around the patient’s chest as in Figure P20.21. The belt is a 200-turn coil. When the patient inhales, the area encircled by the coil increases by 39.0 cm2. The magni

> A circular coil enclosing an area of 100 cm2 is made of 200 turns of copper wire. The wire making up the coil has resistance of 5.0 Ω, and the ends of the wire are connected to form a closed circuit. Initially, a 1.1-T uniform magnetic field points perpe

> Does dropping a magnet down a copper tube produce a current in the tube? Explain.

> A 300-turn solenoid with a length of 20.0 cm and a radius of 1.50 cm carries a current of 2.00 A. A second coil of four turns is wrapped tightly around this solenoid, so it can be considered to have the same radius as the solenoid. The current in the 300

> What is the impedance of a series RLC circuit at resonance? (a) XL (b) XC (c) R (d) XL - XC (e) 0

> A circular loop of wire lies below a long wire carrying a current that is increasing as in Figure P20.17a. (a) What is the direction of the induced current in the loop, if any? (b) Now suppose the loop is next to the same wire as in Figure P20.17b. What

> An inductor and a resistor are connected in series across an AC generator, as shown in Figure CQ21.16. Immediately after the switch is closed, which of the following statements is true? (a) The current is ΔV/R. (b) The voltage across the indu

> Why is the sum of the maximum voltages across each of the elements in a series RLC circuit usually greater than the maximum applied voltage? Doesn’t this violate Kirchhoff’s loop rule?

> A horizontal metal bar oriented east–west drops straight down in a location where Earth’s magnetic field is due north. As a result, an emf develops between the ends. Which end is positively charged? (a) The east end (b) The west end (c) Neither end carri

> A magneto is used to cause the spark in a spark plug in many lawn mowers today. A magneto consists of a permanent magnet mounted on a flywheel so that it spins past a fixed coil. Explain how this arrangement generates a large enough potential difference

> Two circular loops are side by side and lie in the xy - plane. A switch is closed, starting a counterclockwise current in the left-hand loop, as viewed from a point on the positive z - axis passing through the center of the loop. Which of the following s

> A bar magnet is falling toward the center of a loop of wire, with the north-pole oriented downward. Viewed from the same side of the loop as the magnet, as the north-pole approaches the loop, what is the direction of the induced current? (a) Clock-wise (

> Figure 20.6 is a graph of the magnitude B versus time for a magnetic field that passes through a fixed loop and is oriented perpendicular to the plane of the loop. Rank the magnitudes of the emf generated in the loop from largest to smallest at the three

> Suppose XL > XC in Figure 21.12 and, with both switches open, a piece of iron is slipped into the inductor. During this process, what happens to the brightness of the bulb? (a) It increases. (b) It decreases. (c) It doesn’t change.

> Suppose XL > XC in Figure 21.12. If switch A is left open and switch B is closed, what happens to the phase angle? (a) It increases. (b) It decreases. (c) It doesn’t change. Figure 21.12:

> Suppose XL > XC in Figure 21.12. If switch A is closed, what happens to the phase angle? (a) It increases. (b) It decreases. (c) It doesn’t change. Figure 21.12:

> If switch A is closed in Figure 21.12, what happens to the impedance of the circuit? (a) It increases. (b) It decreases. (c) It doesn’t change. Figure 21.12:

> For the circuit in Figure 21.8, is the instantaneous voltage of the source equal to (a) The sum of the maximum voltages across the elements, (b) The sum of the instantaneous voltages across the elements, or (c) The sum of the rms voltages across the elem

> Which of the following statements can be true for a resistor connected in a simple series circuit to an operating AC generator? (a) Pav = 0 and iav = 0 (b) Pav = 0 and iav > 0 (c) Pav > 0 and iav = 0 (d) Pav > 0 and iav > 0

> Which of the following statements are true about light waves? (a) The higher the frequency, the longer the wavelength. (b) The lower the frequency, the longer the wavelength. (c) Higher - frequency light travels faster than lower - frequency light. (d) T

> If a high - frequency current is passed through a solenoid containing a metallic core, the core becomes warm due to induction. Explain why the temperature of the material rises in this situation.

> The switch in the circuit shown in Figure 20.29 is closed, and the light-bulb glows steadily. The inductor is a simple air-core solenoid. An iron rod is inserted into the interior of the solenoid, increasing the magnitude of the magnetic field in the sol

> You intend to move a rectangular loop of wire into a region of uniform magnetic field at a given speed so as to induce an emf in the loop. The plane of the loop must remain perpendicular to the magnetic field lines. In which orientation should you hold t

> A long, straight wire lies in the plane of a circular coil with a radius of 0.010 m. The wire carries a current of 2.0 A and is placed along a diameter of the coil. (a) What is the net flux through the coil? (b) If the wire passes through the center of t

> A long, straight wire carrying a current of 2.00 A is placed along the axis of a cylinder of radius 0.500 m and a length of 3.00 m. Determine the total magnetic flux through the cylinder.

> Figure P20.3 shows three edge views of a square loop with sides of length â„“ = 0.250 m in a magnetic field of magnitude 2.00 T. Calculate the magnetic flux through the loop oriented (a) Perpendicular to the magnetic field, (b) 60.0&Acirc

> Find the flux of Earth’s magnetic field of magnitude 5.00 x 10-5 T through a square loop of area 20.0 cm2 (a) When the field is perpendicular to the plane of the loop, (b) When the field makes a 30.0° angle with the normal to the plane of the loop, and (

> A square, single-turn wire loop â„“ = 1.00 cm on a side is placed inside a solenoid that has a circular cross section of radius r = 3.00 cm, as shown in the end view of Figure P20.18. The solenoid is 20.0 cm long and wound with 100 turns

> Find the direction of the current in the resistor shown in Figure P20.16 (a) At the instant the switch is closed, (b) After the switch has been closed for several minutes, and (c) At the instant the switch is opened. Figure P20.16:

> A bar magnet is positioned near a coil of wire, as shown in Figure P20.15. What is the direction of the current in the resistor when the magnet is moved (a) To the left and (b) To the right? Figure P20.15:

> When the switch in Figure CQ20.12a is closed, a current is set up in the coil and the metal ring springs upward (Fig. CQ20.12b). Explain this behavior. Figure CQ20.12:

> In Figure P20.14, what is the direction of the current induced in the resistor at the instant the switch is closed? Figure P20.14:

> A technician wearing a circular metal band on his wrist moves his hand into a uniform magnetic field of magnitude 2.5 T in a time of 0.18 s. If the diameter of the band is 6.5 cm and the field is at an angle of 45° with the plane of the metal band while

> Medical devices implanted inside the body are often powered using transcutaneous energy transfer (TET), a type of wireless charging using a pair of closely spaced coils. An emf is generated around a coil inside the body by varying the current through a n

> Inductive charging is used to wirelessly charge electronic devices ranging from toothbrushes to cell phones. Suppose the base unit of an inductive charger produces a 1.00 x 10-3-T magnetic field. Varying this magnetic field magnitude changes the flux thr

> The flexible loop in Figure P20.10 has a radius of 12 cm and is in a magnetic field of strength 0.15 T. The loop is grasped at points A and B and stretched until its area is nearly zero. If it takes 0.20 s to close the loop, what is the magnitude of the

> Three loops of wire move near a long straight wire carrying a current as in Figure P20.9. What is the direction of the induced current, if any, in (a) Loop A, (b) Loop B, and (c) Loop C. Figure P20.9:

> Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a noninvasive technique used to stimulate regions of the human brain. A small coil is placed on the scalp, and a brief burst of current in the coil produces a rapidly changing magnetic field inside the brain. Th

> A cube of edge length â„“ = 2.5 cm is positioned as shown in Figure P20.7. There is a uniform magnetic field throughout the region with components Bx = +5.0 T, By = +4.0 T, and Bz = +3.0 T. (a) Calculate the flux through the shaded face o

> A magnetic field of magnitude 0.300 T is oriented perpendicular to the plane of a circular loop. (a) Calculate the loop radius if the magnetic flux through the loop is 2.70 Wb. (b) Calculate the new magnetic flux if the loop radius is doubled.

> When a 4.0 - μF capacitor is connected to a generator whose rms output is 30. V, the current in the circuit is observed to be 0.30 A. What is the frequency of the source?

> Suppose a creature from another planet had eyes that were sensitive to infrared radiation. Describe what it would see if it looked around the room that you are now in. That is, what would be bright and what would be dim?

> North American outlets supply AC electricity with a frequency of f = 60.0 Hz while the European standard is f = 50.0 Hz. What value of capacitance provides a capacitive reactance of 1.00 kΩ (a) In North America and (b) In Europe?

> (a) For what frequencies does a 22.0 - μF capacitor have a reactance below 175 Ω? (b) What is the reactance of a 44.0 - μF capacitor over this same frequency range?

> The output voltage of an AC generator is given by Δv = (170 V) sin (60πt). The generator is connected across a 20.0 - Ω resistor. By inspection, what are the (a) Maximum voltage and (b) Frequency? Find the (c) Rms voltage across the resistor, (d) Rms cur

> A 24.0 – kΩ resistor connected to an AC voltage source dissipates an average power of 0.600 W. (a) Calculate the rms current in the resistor. (b) Calculate the rms voltage of the AC source.

> The primary coil of a transformer has N1 = 250. turns and its secondary coil has N2 = 1500. turns. If the input voltage across the primary coil is Δv = (170. V) sin ωt, what rms voltage is developed across the secondary coil?

> A series circuit contains a 3.00 - H inductor, a 3.00 - mF capacitor, and a 30.0 - V resistor connected to a 120. - V (rms) source of variable frequency. Find the power delivered to the circuit when the frequency of the source is (a) The resonance freque

> Two electrical oscillators are used in a heterodyne metal detector to detect buried metal objects (see Fig. P21.41). The detector uses two identical electrical oscillators in the form of LC circuits having resonant frequencies of 725 kHz. When the signal

> Electrosurgical units (ESUs) supply high - frequency electricity from resonant RLC circuits to cut, coagulate, or otherwise modify biological tissue. (a) Find the resonant frequency of an ESU with an inductance of L = 1.25 μH and a capacitance of 47.0 nF

> Figure P21.4 shows three lamps connected to a 120. - V AC (rms) household supply voltage. Lamps 1 and 2 have 150 - W bulbs; lamp 3 has a 100. - W bulb. For each bulb, find (a) The rms current and (b) The resistance. Figure P21.4:

> The AM band extends from approximately 500. kHz to 1600. kHz. If a 2.0 - μH inductor is used in a tuning circuit for a radio, what are the extremes that a capacitor must reach to cover the complete band of frequencies?

> The switch S in Figure 20.27 is closed at t = 0 and the current at a reference time tref > 0 is Iref. If the circuit is changed as described below and the switch is again closed at t = 0, determine whether the current I at the same time tref would be

> A uniform magnetic field of magnitude 0.50 T is directed perpendicular to the plane of a rectangular loop having dimensions 8.0 cm by 12 cm. Find the magnetic flux through the loop.

> According to the ancient Roman architect Vitruvius, a person’s arm span (the distance from fingertip to fingertip with the arms stretched wide) is approximately equal to his or her height. For example, people 5 feet tall tend to have an arm span of 5 fee

> A group of 80 drivers in a large city is asked for the number of parking tickets they received in the previous month. What shape do you think this distribution will have? Explain.

> An instructor asks a class of 120 students how many hours they slept during the previous night. What shape do you think this distribution will have? Explain.

> The weights of coins (in grams) were obtained for coins in the United States and coins for other countries (including Mexico, Brazil, Canada, and several in Europe). a. Write a few sentences to compare the distributions of weights of coins from the Unite

> The following dotplots show the number of calories in a sample of cereals from two manufacturers: “G” = General Mills and “K” = Kelloggs. (Source: StatCrunch) a. Write a few short se

> The bar graph shows information reported in Time magazine (May 28, 2012). For each country, the percentage of music sold over the Internet and the percentage of people with access to the Internet are displayed. a. Which two countries have the largest per

> The use of the drug Prempro, a combination of two female hormones that many women take after menopause, is called hormone replacement therapy (HRT). In July 2002, a medical article reported the results of a study that was done to determine the effects of

> The following table shows the first few entries for the majors of a sample of college students. The data are stacked and coded, where 0 represents a female student and 1 represents a male student. What would be appropriate graphs to compare the distribut

> The following table shows the first few entries for the number of hours of sleep in one night for a sample of college students. The data are stacked and coded, where 0 represents a male student and 1 represents a female student. What would be appropriate

> A physician asks all of his patients to report the approximate number of cigarettes they smoke in a day. Predict the shape of the distribution of number of cigarettes smoked per day.

> A study was conducted to assess whether 5 weeks of training with virtual reality (VR) can reduce the risk of falls in adults. Thirty-four older adults underwent 15 VR training sessions consisting of walking on a treadmill with a VR simulation. At the end

> Predict the shape of the distribution of the salaries of 25 chief executive officers (CEOs). A typical value is about 50 million per year, but there is an outlier at about 200 million.

> The graph shows shoe sizes for men and women. Compare shapes, centers, and spreads, and mention if there are outliers.

> The graphs show the distribution of self-reported maximum speeds ever driven by male and female college students who drive. Compare the shapes, the centers, and the spreads and mention any outliers.

> Thirty-nine students (26 women and 13 men) reported their ideal weight (in most cases, not their current weight). The table shows the data. a. Explain why the distribution of ideal weights is likely to be bimodal if men and women are both included in th

> College students Jeannette Mujica, Ricardo Ceja Zarate, and Jessica Cerda conducted a survey in Oxnard, California, of the number of cars going through a yellow light at intersections with and without traffic cameras that are used to automatically fine d

> Create a dotplot that has at least 10 observations and does not have skew.

> Create a dotplot that has at least 10 observations and is right-skewed.