Items 1 through 16 represent a series of unrelated statements, questions, excerpts, and comments taken from various parts of an auditor’s working paper file. Below items 1 through 16 is a list of the likely sources of the statements, questions, excerpts, and comments. Select, as the best answer for each item, the most likely source. Select only one source for each item. A source may be selected once, more than once, or not at all. 1. During our audit we discovered evidence of the company’s failure to safeguard inventory from loss, damage, and misappropriation. 2. The company considers the decline in value of equity securities classified as available-for-sale to be temporary. 3. There have been no communications from regulatory agencies concerning noncompliance with or deficiencies in financial reporting practices. 4. It is our opinion that the possible liability to the company in this proceeding is nominal in amount. 5. As discussed in Note 4 to the financial statements, the company experienced a net loss for the year ended July 31, 2018, and is currently in default under substantially all of its debt agreements. In addition, on September 25, 2018, the company filed a prenegotiated voluntary petition for relief under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code. These matters raise substantial doubt about the company’s ability to continue as a going concern. 6. During the year under audit, we were advised that management consulted with Gonzales & Ramirez, CPAs. The purpose of this consultation was to obtain another CPA firm’s opinion concerning the company’s recognition of certain revenue that we believe should be deferred to future periods. Gonzales & Ramirez’s opinion was consistent with our opinion, so management did not recognize the revenue in the current year. 7. The company believes that all material expenditures that have been deferred to future periods will be recoverable. 8. Our use of professional judgment and the assessment of audit risk and materiality for the purpose of our audit mean that matters may have existed that would have been assessed differently by you. We make no representation as to the sufficiency or appropriateness of the information in our working papers for your purposes. 9. Indicate in the space provided below whether this information agrees with your records. If there are exceptions, please provide any information that will assist the auditor in reconciling the difference. 10. Blank checks are maintained in an unlocked cabinet along with the check-signing machine. Blank checks and the check-signing machine should be locked in separate locations to prevent the embezzlement of funds. 11. The company has insufficient expertise and controls over the selection and application of accounting policies that are in conformity with GAAP. 12. The timetable set by management to complete our audit was unreasonable considering the failure of the company’s personnel to complete schedules on a timely basis and delays in providing necessary information. 13. Several employees have disabled the antivirus detection software on their PCs because the software slows the processing of data and occasionally rings false alarms. The company should obtain antivirus software that runs continuously at all system entry points and that cannot be disabled by unauthorized personnel. 14. In connection with an audit of our financial statements, please furnish to our auditors a description and evaluation of any pending or probable litigation against our company of which you are aware. 15. The company has no plans or intentions that may materially affect the carrying value or classification of assets and liabilities. 16. In planning the sampling application, was appropriate consideration given to the relationship of the sample to the assertion and to planning materiality? List of Sources: A. Practitioner’s report on management’s assertion about an entity’s compliance with specified requirements. B. Auditor’s communications on significant deficiencies and material weakness. C. Audit inquiry letter to legal counsel. D. Lawyer’s response to audit inquiry letter. E. Audit committee’s communication to the auditor. F. Auditor’s communication to those charged with governance (other than with respect to significant deficiencies and material weakness). G. Report on the application of accounting principles. H. Auditor’s engagement letter. I. Letter for underwriters. J. Accounts receivable confirmation request. K. Request for bank cutoff statement. L. Explanatory paragraph of an auditor’s report on financial statements. M. Partner’s engagement review notes. N. Management representation letter. O. Successor auditor’s communication with predecessor auditor. P. Predecessor auditor’s communication with successor auditor.
> Cassandra Corporation, a manufacturing company, periodically invests large sums in investment (debt and equity) securities. The investment policy is established by the investment committee of the board of directors, and the treasurer is responsible for c
> Spencer, CPA, has been engaged to audit the fair value measurements of Christensen & Son, a high-tech company in the Midwest. During the audit, Spencer must obtain evidence that management of Christensen & Son has appropriately valued the following two a
> Lee, CPA, the continuing auditor of Wu, Inc., is beginning to audit the common stock and treasury stock accounts. Lee has decided to design substantive procedures without relying on the company’s internal control system. Wu has no par and no stated-value
> Gonzales, CPA, is the auditor for a manufacturing company with a balance sheet that includes the entry “Property, plant, and equipment.” Gonzales has been asked by the company’s management if audit ad
> Nakamura, CPA, has accepted an engagement to audit the financial statements of Grant Manufacturing Company, a new client. Grant has an adequate control environment and a reasonable segregation of duties. Nakamura is about to set the control risk for the
> Park Corporation, a local sporting goods company, has asked your firm for assistance in setting up its website. HeeSoo Park, the CEO, is concerned that potential customers will be reluctant to place orders over the Internet to a relatively unknown entity
> This question consists of 13 items pertaining to possible deficiencies in an accountant’s review report. Indicate whether each statement about a possible deficiency is correct (C) or incorrect (I) in the space provided. Jordan & Stone, CPAs, audited the
> List four categories of intangible assets and four types of property, plant, and equipment transactions.
> The following report was drafted on October 25, 2018, by Major, CPA, at the completion of an engagement to compile the financial statements of Ajax Company for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2018. Ajax is a non-public entity in which Major’s child h
> You are the manager of the examination engagement of the financial projection of Honey’s Health Foods as of December 31, 2018, and for the year then ended. The audit senior, Currie, has prepared the following draft of the examination report: To the Board
> Your client, Cheaney Rental Properties, has engaged you to perform a compilation of its forecasted financial statements for a loan with the National Bank of Rockwood. Required: a. Describe the steps an accountant should complete when conducting a compil
> Orange Grove Farms has approached your CPA firm with some questions. Orange Grove’s management has spoken with a bank about obtaining a loan to expand its operations. The bank has informed Orange Grove that the bank will not make the requested loan unles
> Sleek Corporation is a public corporation whose stock is traded on a national securities exchange. Sleek hired Garson Associates, CPAs, to audit Sleek’s financial statements. Sleek needed the audit to obtain bank loans and to offer public stock so that i
> Butler Manufacturing Corporation planned to raise capital for a plant expansion by borrowing from banks and making several stock offerings. Butler engaged Meng, CPA, to audit its financial statements. Butler told Meng that the financial statements would
> Astor Electronics, Inc., markets a wide variety of computer-related products throughout the United States. Astor’s officers decided to raise $1 million by selling shares of Astor’s common stock in an exempt offering under Regulation D of the Securities A
> Becker, Inc., purchased the assets of Bell Corporation. A condition of the purchase agreement was that Bell retain a CPA to audit its financial statements. The purpose of the audit was to determine whether the unaudited financial statements furnished to
> Perez, CPA, has been asked by a nonpublic company, for which Perez provides audit services, to perform a nonrecurring engagement involving implementation of an IT information and control system. The entity requests that, in setting up the new system and
> Each of the following situations involves a possible violation by a member in industry of the AICPA’s Code of Professional Conduct. For each situation, indicate whether it violates the Code. If it violates the Code, indicate which rule is violated and ex
> What are the functions of the registrar, the transfer agent, and the dividend-disbursing agent?
> Each of the following situations involves a possible violation of the Independence Rule of the AICPA’s Code of Professional Conduct. Indicate whether each situation violates the Code. If it violates the Code, explain why. a. Julia Roberto, a sole practit
> Do an Internet search to find the SOC 3 report for Google’s Cloud Platform System for the latest period available. Required: a. Read the report. Identify the accounting firm that performed the SOC 3 attestation engagement. Which of the Trust Services Cr
> The AICPA has developed assurance services related to electronic commerce called Trust Services. Do an online search for Trust Services on the AICPA website (www. aicpa.org). Required: a. Find and list the five broad areas into which the Trust Services
> The IIA maintains its own website containing useful information about the Institute and the internal auditing profession in general. Visit the IIA’s home page (www. theiia.org). Required: a. Under the tab “Bookstore & Publications,” click on “Internal A
> A number of companies have pending lawsuits or other contingent liabilities reported in their financial statements. Required: a. Search the EDGAR database found at http://www.sec.gov/edgar/searchedgar/companysearch.html to find a company’s 10-K that r
> Visit the AICPA’s website (www.aicpa.org), under “Research,” and then “Standards.” Click on “Code of Professional Conduct.” Find the Independence Rule and its related interpretations in Part 1 of the Code of Professional Conduct. Research the relevant ru
> Both Intel (www.intel.com) and Microsoft (www.microsoft.com) have large amounts of investment securities. Visit their home pages, and review their financial statements for information on how they account for investment securities and the amounts of those
> Visit the website of another catalog retailer similar to Earth Wear Clothiers, and determine what useful lives and depreciation methods are used for property, plant, and equipment. Compare those methods to Earth Wear, and, if different, consider the impl
> AT-C Section 315, “Compliance Attestation,” allows a practitioner to perform agreed-upon procedures to assist users in evaluating management’s written assertions about (1) the entity’s compliance with specified requirements, (2) the effectiveness of the
> Critics of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act do not believe the Act will be effective at deterring accounting frauds because it primarily relies on specifying new crimes and higher penalties (i.e., increasing the maximum fine and prison terms). Critics argue that i
> Identify two substantive analytical procedures that can be used to audit prepaid insurance.
> oration and Watson Corporation, publicly held companies traded on NASDAQ. Watson recently acquired Lestrad Corporation in a merger that involved swapping 1.75 shares of Watson for 1 share of Lestrad. In connection with that merger, CD&A issued an unquali
> Schoeck, CPA, is considering leaving a position at a major public accounting firm to join the staff of a local bookkeeping and advisory firm that does write-up work, tax preparation and planning, and financial planning. The local firm is not owned by CPA
> Refer back to the hypothetical Sun City Savings and Loan case presented toward the beginning of this chapter, and consider each of the following independent situations: a. Suppose that Pina, Johnson & Associates also audited one of the entities who had r
> While completing a test of controls, you appropriately cleared two minor exceptions by examining related documents. The entity will need to do some serious digging to find the documents to resolve a third, similar, exception and wants to know if you real
> Your supervisor tells you that for the next month you will be working on an audit entity with a controller who loves to talk. She explains that the entity will want you to spend an hour or so talking about politics, sports, and life’s mysteries and you n
> For each of the following scenarios, indicate whether or not independence-related SEC rules are being violated, assuming that the audit entity is a public company. Briefly explain why or why not. a. Adrian Reynolds now works as a junior member of the acc
> You are auditing the financial statements for your new client, Paper Packaging Corporation, a manufacturer of paper containers, for the year ended March 31, 2019. Paper Packaging is a public company. Paper Packaging’s previous auditors
> In February 2019, Ceramic Crucibles of America was notified by the state of Colorado that the state was investigating the company’s Durango facility to determine if there were any violations of federal or state environmental laws. In formulating your opi
> Wyly Waste Management (“WWM”) is an SEC registrant and your firm is its auditor. Overall materiality for the audit is $100,000. Shortly after the end of the year, WWM’s CFO is meeting with your audit partner to review the preliminary results of the audit
> Medical Products, Inc. (MPI) was created in 2016 and entered the optical equipment industry. Its made-to-order optical equipment requires large investments in research and development. To fund these needs, MPI made a public stock offering, which was comp
> How does the purchasing process affect prepaid insurance and property, plant, and equipment transactions?
> On January 15, 2018, Leno, Inc., which has a March 31 year-end, entered into a transaction to sell the land and building that contained its manufacturing operations for a total selling price of $19,750,000. The book value of the land and the building was
> Pierce, an independent auditor, was engaged to examine the financial statements of Wong Construction, Inc., for the year ended December 31. Wong’s financial statements reflect a substantial amount of mobile construction equipment used in the firm’s opera
> The long-term debt working paper shown below was prepared by entity personnel and audited by Andy Fogelman, an audit assistant, during the calendar year 2018 audit of American Widgets, Inc., a continuing audit client. The engagement supervisor is reviewi
> The FASB’s revised standard on leases, ASC 842, was effective for public companies beginning 2018. One significant implication of this standard is that operating leases that were previously kept off the balance sheet are now required to be recorded on th
> What types of services can be performed under Statements on Standards for Accounting and Review Services?
> For what types of actions are auditors liable to a client under common law? Why would the client prefer to sue the auditor for a tort action rather than for a breach of contract?
> The questions that follow are based on the Independence Rule of the AICPA Code of Professional Conduct as it relates to independence and family relationships. Check yes if the situation violates the rule, no if it does not. Situation Yes No a. A par
> To support financial statement assertions, an auditor develops specific audit procedures to satisfy or accomplish each assertion. Required: Items (a) through (c) represent assertions for investments. Select the most appropriate procedure from the follow
> To support financial statement assertions, an auditor develops specific substantive procedures to satisfy or address each assertion. Required: Items (a) through (c) represent assertions for the property and equipment accounts. Select the most appropriat
> The following client-prepared bank reconciliation is being examined by Zachary Kallick, CPA, during the examination of the financial statements of Simmons Company. Required: Items (a) through (e) represent items an auditor would ordinarily find on an e
> The tick mark ▲ most likely indicates that the amount was traced to the a. Deposit in transit of the applicable bank reconciliation. b. December cash receipts journal. c. January cash receipts journal. d. Year-end bank confirmations.
> On September 10, Melinda Johnson was auditing the financial statements of a new audit client, Mother Earth Foods, a health-food chain that has a June 30 year-end. The company is privately held and has just gone through a leveraged buyout with long-term f
> Which of the following comparisons would be most useful to an auditor in evaluating the overall financial results of an entity’s operations? a. Prior-year accounts payable to current-year accounts payable. b. Prior-year payroll expense to budgeted curren
> Under which conditions would an online dating company be more likely to opt for a SOC 3 report over a SOC 2 report? a. The company wishes the report to be distributed only to a restricted set of users who understand the details of the IT system being rep
> Which of the following is true of a SOC 2 engagement? a. The report resulting from a SOC 2 engagement can be made available for general use. b. A SOC 2 engagement is based on criteria from COSO’s internal control framework. c. A SOC 2 engagement is based
> Which of the following assurances is not provided by compliance with Trust Services principles? a. There are procedures to protect the system against unauthorized physical access. b. The financial statements created by the system are free of material mis
> Which of the following is not a Trust Services principle? a. Processing integrity. b. Privacy. c. Digital certificate authorization. d. Availability.
> The four principles of the IIA Code of Ethics are a. Confidentiality, competency, objectivity, and integrity. b. Objectivity, independence, compliance, and due diligence. c. Honesty, integrity, independence, and competency. d. Integrity, confidentiality,
> Which of the following is not one of the general areas of the IIA’s International Standards for the Professional Practice of Internal Auditing? a. Performance standards. b. Implementation standards. c. Ethical standards. d. Attribute standards.
> The general accreditation granted by the Institute of Internal Auditors is known as a. CFE. b. CGAP. c. CFSA. d. CIA.
> Financial statements that have been reviewed by an accountant should be accompanied by a report stating that a. The scope of the inquiry and the analytical procedures performed by the accountant have not been restricted. b. All information included in th
> The standard report issued by an accountant after reviewing financial statements states that a. A review includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management. b. A review includes examining, on a test basis, evid
> Taylor, CPA, has been engaged to audit the financial statements of Palmer Company, a continuing audit client. Taylor is about to perform substantive audit procedures on Palmer’s goodwill (excess of cost over fair value of net assets purchased) and tradem
> Which of the following statements is correct concerning both an engagement to compile and an engagement to review a non-public entity’s financial statements? a. The accountant is not required to obtain an understanding of internal control. b. The account
> When compiling the financial statements of a non-public entity, an accountant should a. Review agreements with financial institutions for restrictions on cash balances. b. Understand the accounting principles and practices of the entity’s industry. c. In
> Which of the following statements concerning prospective financial statements is correct? a. Only a financial forecast would normally be appropriate for limited use. b. Only a financial projection would normally be appropriate for general use. c. Any typ
> An accountant may accept an engagement to apply agreed-upon procedures to prospective financial statements, provided that a. The prospective financial statements are also examined. b. Responsibility for the adequacy of the procedures performed is taken b
> Which of the following professional services would be considered an attest engagement? a. A management consulting engagement to provide IT advice to a client. b. An engagement to report on compliance with statutory requirements. c. An income tax engageme
> An assurance report on information can provide assurance about the information’s a. Reliability. b. Relevance. c. Timeliness. d. All of the above.
> Which of the following is a provision of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act? a. It is a criminal offense for an auditor to fail to detect and report a bribe paid by an American business entity to a foreign official for the purpose of obtaining business. b
> Which of the following is not a provision of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act? a. A requirement to retain audit work papers for at least five years. b. It is a criminal offense to take any harmful action in retaliation against anyone who voluntarily comes forward
> Under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act, Baker, CPA, reported certain uncorrected illegal acts to Super mart’s board of directors. Baker believed that failure to take remedial action would warrant a qualified audit opinion because the illegal
> Fritz Corporation, whose shares are publicly traded, engaged Hay Associates, CPAs, to audit its financial statements. Hay gave an unqualified opinion, despite knowing that the financial statements contained misstatements. Hay’s opinion was included in Fr
> Natherson, CPA, is engaged to audit the financial statements of Lewis Lumber for the year ended December 31. Natherson obtained and documented an understanding of internal control relating to the purchasing process and set control risk at the maximum lev
> If Hansen succeeds in the Section 11 suit against Dart, Hansen will be entitled to a. Damages of three times the original public offering price. b. Rescind the transaction. c. Monetary damages comparable to the loss suffered. d. Damages, but only if the
> In a suit against Jay and Dart under the Section 11 liability provisions of the Securities Act of 1933, Hansen must prove that a. Jay knew of the misstatements. b. Jay was negligent. c. The misstatements contained in Dart’s financial statements were mate
> To be successful in a civil action under Section 11 of the Securities Act of 1933 concerning liability for a misleading registration statement, the plaintiff must prove Defendant's Intent Plaintiff's Reliance on the to Deceive Registration Statemen
> How does the Securities Act of 1933, which imposes civil liability on auditors for misrepresentations or omissions of material facts in a registration statement, expand auditors’ liability to purchasers of securities beyond that of common law? a. Purchas
> Brown & Company, CPAs, issued an unqualified opinion on the financial statements of its client King Corporation. Based on the strength of King’s financial statements, Safe Bank loaned King $500,000. King Corporation and Safe Bank are both located in a st
> Jenna Corporation approved a merger plan with Cord Corporation. One of the determining factors in approving the merger was the financial statements of Cord, which had been audited by Frank & Company, CPAs. Jenna had engaged Frank to audit Cord’s financia
> Which of the following best describes whether a CPA has met the required standard of care in auditing an entity’s financial statements? a. Whether the client’s expectations are met with regard to the accuracy of audited financial statements. b. Whether t
> Cable Corporation orally engaged Drake & Company, CPAs, to audit its financial statements. Though the financial statements Drake audited included a materially overstated accounts receivable balance, Drake issued an unqualified opinion. Cable used the fin
> In connection with the element of engagement performance, a CPA firm’s system of quality control should ordinarily include procedures covering all of the following except a. Performance evaluation. b. Consistent, high-quality engagement performance. c. S
> One of a CPA firm’s basic objectives is to provide professional services that conform with professional standards. Reasonable assurance of achieving this basic objective is provided through a. A system of quality control. b. A system of peer review. c. C
> The Brant Group reported total interest expense for the year of $2,000. The table below provides the monthly balance of their long-term debt. Interest is paid monthly on the average daily balance during the month. The annual interest rate for the debt is
> Without the consent of the entity, a CPA should not disclose confidential entity information contained in working papers to a(n) a. Authorized quality control review board. b. Successor CPA firm that has been engaged to audit the former audit entity. c.
> During the audit of Moon Co., the auditor disagrees with management’s estimation of collectible accounts receivable. The possible misstatement amount is material. Which of the statements below should weigh most heavily for the auditor in this instance? a
> Rick, an independent CPA, must make an ethical judgment related to the audit of an entity. If he primarily focuses on whether his decision might yield unfair advantages for some at the expense of others, he is using a. A utilitarian perspective. b. A rig
> A violation of the profession’s ethical standards is least likely to occur when a CPA a. Purchases another CPA’s accounting practice and bases the price on a percentage of the fees accruing from entities over a three-year period. b. Receives a percentag
> Which of the following legal situations would be considered to impair the auditor’s independence? a. An expressed intention by the present management to commence litigation against the auditor, alleging deficiencies in audit work for the entity, although
> An audited company has not paid its 2018 audit fees. According to the AICPA Code of Professional Conduct, for the auditor to be considered independent with respect to the 2019 audit, the 2018 audit fees must be paid before the a. 2018 report is issued. b
> In which of the following situations would a CPA’s independence be considered impaired according to the Code of Professional Conduct? 1. The CPA has a car loan from a bank that is an audit entity. The loan was made under the same terms available to all c
> The AICPA Code of Professional Conduct contains both general ethical principles that are aspirational in character and a a. List of violations that would cause the automatic suspension of a CPA’s license. b. Set of specific, mandatory rules describing mi
> Under the SEC’s rules regarding independence, which of the following must an entity disclose? a. Only fees for the external audit. b. Only fees for internal and external audit services provided by the audit firm. c. Fees for the external audit, audit-rel
> All of the following non audit services are identified by the SEC as generally impairing an auditor’s independence with respect to an audited entity except a. Information systems design and implementation. b. Human resource services. c. Management functi
> Maslovskaya, CPA, has been engaged to examine the financial statements of Broadwall Corporation for the year ended December 31, 2018. During the year, Broadwall obtained a long-term loan from a local bank pursuant to a financing agreement that provided t
> Which of the following statements best explains why public accounting, as a profession, promulgates ethical standards and establishes means for ensuring their observance? a. Vigorous enforcement of an established code of ethics is the best way to prevent
> When an auditor is asked to express an opinion on an entity’s rent and royalty revenues, he or she may a. Not accept the engagement because to do so would be tantamount to agreeing to issue a piecemeal opinion. b. Not accept the engagement unless also en
> When reporting on financial statements prepared on the basis of accounting used for income tax purposes, the auditor should include in the report a paragraph that a. Emphasizes that the financial statements have not been examined in accordance with gener
