Prototyping is an iterative process of system development in which requirements are converted into a working system that is continually revised by analysts and users. What are the circumstances under which prototyping should be used?
> What problems may be encountered when developing new programs without designing a database management system?
> Add the following to Figure 3-16: An EMPLOYMENT party relationship is further explained by the positions and assignments to positions during the time a person is employed. A position is defined by an organization unit, and a unit may define many position
> Draw an EER diagram for the following problem: A university is looking to more effectively manage lecture and student appointments. It is currently unable to determine how much time lecturers are devoting to student appointments and consultation and woul
> The description for DocIT explained that there were to be data in the database about people who are not patients but are related to patients. Also, it is possible for some staff members to be patients or to be related to patients. And, some staff members
> Based on the EER diagram constructed for Problem and Exercise 3-34, develop a sample definition for each entity type, attribute, and relationship in the diagram. Data from Problem and Exercise 3-34: Develop an EER model for the following situation using
> Develop an EER model for the following situation using the traditional EER notation, the Visio notation, or the subtypes inside supertypes notation, as specified by your instructor: Wally Los Gatos and his partner Henry Chordate have formed a new limited
> Draw an EER diagram for the following problem: AmazingMemories, a travel agency, specializes in holidays to Southeast Asia. It provides bespoke holidays that are set up and handled by an agency rep. Each rep creates a new booking, which has an ID, hotel,
> Draw an EER diagram for the following problem using this text’s EER notation, the Visio notation, or the subtypes inside supertypes notation, as specified by your instructor: In a typical university, people occupy one or more roles. There are students, e
> Refer to your answer to Problem and Exercise 3-24. Develop entity clusters for this E-R diagram and redraw the diagram using the entity clusters. Explain why you chose the entity clusters you used. Data from Problem and Exercise 3-24: Refer to Problem a
> Refer to your answer to Problem and Exercise 2-44 in Chapter 2. Develop entity clusters for the final version of this E-R diagram and redraw the diagram using the entity clusters. Explain why you chose the entity clusters you used. Data from Problem and
> An institute’s students participate in three types of sports events: long jump, discus throw, and the 100-meter race. The following attributes are recorded for each event: Long Jump: Student Roll Number, Name, House, Age, Recorded Jump Discus Throw: Stud
> Observe the kind of people who work in your college or university. Interview an official who collects data on these people. Ask about the attributes on which data is collected. Is there a supertype/subtype relationship in this scenario? Apply generalizat
> An electronics goods store has devices such as mobile phones, laptops, televisions, and refrigerators for sale. a. Is it possible to apply a supertype/subtype hierarchy to this situation? How? b. Construct an EER diagram. Which specialization rule (compl
> Refer to Problem and Exercise 2-44 in Chapter 2, Part f. Redraw the ERD for your answer to this exercise using appropriate supertypes and subtypes. Data from Problem and Exercise 2-44: Virtual Campus (VC) is a social media firm that specializes in creat
> Figure 3-13 shows the development of entity clusters for the Pine Valley Furniture E-R diagram. In Figure 3-13b, explain the following: a. Why is the minimum cardinality next to the DOES BUSINESS IN associative entity coming from CUSTOMER zero? b. What w
> Draw an ERD for the following situation. (State any assumptions you believe you have to make in order to develop a complete diagram.) Also, draw a data model for this situation using the tool you have been told to use in your course: The A. M. Honka Scho
> Draw an ERD for the following situation. (State any assumptions you believe you have to make in order to develop a complete diagram.) Also, draw a data model for this situation using the tool you have been told to use in your course: Stillwater Antiques
> Draw an ERD diagram for the following situation: The Sensing Building Company (SBC) installs wireless microsensors throughout buildings and building campuses to give building managers, maintenance personnel, and others real-time data about the status of
> Draw an ERD for the following situation, which is based on Lapowsky (2016): The Miami-Dade County, Florida, court system believes that jail populations can be reduced, reincarceration rates lowered, and court system costs lessened and, most important, th
> After completing a course in database management, you are asked to develop a preliminary ERD for a gym database. The entity types that should be included are as shown in Table 2-3. During further discussions you discover the following: •
> Virtual Campus (VC) is a social media firm that specializes in creating virtual meeting places for students, faculty, staff, and others associated with different college campuses. VC was started as a student project in a database class at Cyber Universit
> It was argued that the Received and Summarizes relationships and TREASURER entity were not necessary. Within the context of this explanation, this is true. Now, consider a slightly different situation. Suppose it is necessary, for compliance purposes (e.
> Consider the following statement and translate it into SQL: Show me the “First Name,” “Last Name,” and “Company Name” fields from the “Contacts” table where the “City” field contains “Kansas City” and the “First Name” field starts with “R.”
> Each semester, each student must be assigned an adviser who counsels students about degree requirements and helps students register for classes. Each student must register for classes with the help of an adviser, but if the student’s assigned adviser is
> The management department at Scholars University holds workshops annually in collaboration with two other universities. The department wishes to create a database with the following entities and attributes: • Faculty delivering the workshop: FacultyID, N
> Star Hoist is owned by Darth and his wife Ella Vader. The company has had its ups and downs since Darth and Ella built it from the ground up several years ago. The company had some initial difficulties when Darth’s brother, Tacksi, was their accountant a
> Draw an ERD for each of the following situations. (If you believe that you need to make additional assumptions, clearly state them for each situation.) Draw the same situation using the tool you have been told to use in the course. a. A company has a num
> Review Figure 2-8 and Figure 2-22. a. Identify any attributes in Figure 2-22 that might be composite attributes but are not shown that way. Justify your suggestions. Redraw the ERD to reflect any changes you suggest. b. Identify any attributes in Figure
> Modify Figure 2-11b to model the following additional information requirements: The training director decides for each employee who completes each class, what course, if any, that employee should take next. The training director needs to keep track of a
> Figure 2-28 shows two diagrams (A and B), both of which are legitimate ways to represent that a stock has a history of many prices. Which of the two diagrams do you consider a better way to model this situation and why?
> Figure 2-27 represents members of a library issuing books and returning them to the library. The members can be students, staff, or faculty, and their details are stored in the Member entity. A member can issue no more than 10 books. All the details on b
> The Is Married To relationship would seem to have an obvious answer in Problem and Exercise 2-33d—that is, until time plays a role in modeling data. Draw a data model for the PERSON entity type and the Is Married To relationship for eac
> Add minimum and maximum cardinality notation to each of the following figures, as appropriate: a. Figure 2-5 b. Figure 2-10a c. Figure 2-12 (all parts) d. Figure 2-13c e. Figure 2-14 Data from Figure 2-5: Data from Figure 2-10a: Data from Figure 2-12:
> List three additional entities that might appear in an enterprise data model for Pine Valley Furniture Company.
> Figure 2-26 shows a grade report that is mailed to students at the end of each semester. Prepare an ERD reflecting the data contained in the grade report. Assume that each course is taught by one instructor. Also, draw this data model using the tool you
> Because Visio does not explicitly show associative entities, it is not clear in Figure 2-22 which entity types are associative. List the associative entities in this figure. Why are there so many associative entities in Figure 2-22?
> Consider this situation: The faculty at a university (FACULTY entity) can also be part of Board of Studies (BOARD entity). Is there a weak entity here? Why?
> Draw an E-R diagram for the following situation: ShinyShoesForAll (SSFA) is a small shoe repair shop located in a suburban town in the Boston area. SSFA repairs shoes, bags, wallets, luggage, and other similar items. Its customers are individuals and sma
> Consider the two E-R diagrams in Figure 2-25, which represent a database of community service agencies and volunteers in two different cities (A and B). For each of the following three questions, place a check mark under City A, City B, or Canâ
> Draw an ER diagram reflecting the needs of an instructor to monitor their class performance, and include entities such as class performance, grades, and attendance. This ER model will be used by the instructor to build a database for their course in the
> Review your answer to Problem and Exercise 2-49; if necessary, change the names of the entities, attributes, and relationships to conform to the naming guidelines presented in this chapter. Then, using the definition guidelines, write a definition for ea
> Doctors Information Technology (DocIT) is an IT services company supporting medical practices with a variety of computer technologies to make medical offices more efficient and less costly to run. Medical offices are rapidly becoming automated with elect
> Wally Los Gatos, owner of Wally’s Wonderful World of Wallcoverings, Etc., has hired you as a consultant to design a database management system for his new online marketplace for wallpaper, draperies, and home decorating accessories. He would like to trac
> Consider the SQL query in Figure 1-20. a. How is Sales to Date calculated? b. How would the query have to change if Helen Jarvis wanted to see the results for all of the product lines, not just the Home Office product line? c. The part of the query start
> You are now ready to create to a proof of concept system for FAME. Create a deployment/rollout strategy for your system within FAME. Ensure that your deployment strategy includes a plan for training, conversion/loading of existing data into the new syste
> Answer the following questions concerning Figures 1-18 and 1-19: a. What will be the field size for the ProductLineName field in the Product table? Why? b. In Figure 1-19, how is the ProductID field in the Product table specified to be required? Why is i
> Consider the project data model shown in Figure 1-16. a. Create a textual description of the diagrammatic representation shown in the figure. Ensure that the description captures the rules/constraints conveyed by the model. b. In arriving at the requirem
> Consider Figure 1-15. Explain the meaning of the line that connects CUSTOMER to ORDER and the line that connects ORDER to INVOICE. What does this say about how Pine Valley Furniture Company does business with its customers?
> Consider the SQL example in Figure 1-19. a. What is the name of the table that is referred to when the SELECT statement is executed? b. How many tables are accessed when the FROM statement is executed? c. How many conditions are evaluated and met in orde
> There are various development approaches in organizations, and the traditional ones have now been complemented by the more innovative system development methods. Much has been said about the prototyping methodology and its radical features in the develop
> Consider Figure 1-15. While designing the attributes for the Customer table, is it necessary to designate an attribute, such as Customer ID, as a key field? Can we use an ordinary attribute, such as Customer Name, to determine the existence of a customer
> Review the example in Figure 1-2 and 1-4 regarding the differences between the file-based approach and the current database approach. Explain how these differences would impact the relationships between the different entities in the database. Data from
> Consider Figure 1-12, which depicts a hypothetical multi-tiered database architecture. Identify potential duplications of data across all the databases listed on this figure. What problems might arise because of this duplication? Does this duplication vi
> Figure 1-22 shows an enterprise data model for a music store. a. What is the relationship between Album and Store (one-to-one, many-to-many, or one-to-many)? b. What is the relationship between Artist and Album? c. Do you think there should be a relation
> You are now ready to create to a proof of concept system for FAME. Create a testing strategy (including user acceptance testing) for your proof of concept. Which stakeholders should you involve in the phase? Who do you think should sign off on the testin
> Consider a book rental system in a comic store. When a customer borrows or returns a comic book, the shopkeeper needs to note down the transaction or update the corresponding record on the transaction book. a. Draw an enterprise data model for this book
> Think of an organizational database in which some of the fields in the CUSTOMER table must have the following data types. Explain what they mean and how they are used. a. Customer ID (auto-numeric field) b. Customer Name (text field) c. Fee Paid (logical
> For each of the following pairs of related entities, indicate whether (under typical circumstances) there is a one-to many or a many-to-many relationship. Then, using the shorthand notation introduced in the text, draw a diagram for each of the relations
> There is a bulleted list associated with Figure 2-22 that describes the entities and their relationships in Pine Valley Furniture. For each of the 10 points in the list, identify the subset of Figure 2-22 described by that point.
> Answer the following questions concerning Figure 2-22: a. Where is a unary relationship, what does it mean, and for what reasons might the cardinalities on it be different in other organizations? b. Why is Includes a one-to-many relationship, and why mig
> Based on the table above as well as additional research, write a memo in support of or against the following statement: “Cloud databases will increasingly eliminate the need for data administrators/DBAs in corporations.”
> Visit the Web sites of one or more popular cloud service providers that provide cloud database services. Use the table below to map the features listed on the Web site to the major concepts covered in this chapter. If you are not sure where to start, try
> The average annual revenue per customer for the mail order firm described in Problems and Exercises 12-33 and 12-35 is $100. The organization is planning a data quality improvement program that it hopes will increase the average revenue per customer by 5
> The mail order firm described in Problem and Exercise 12-33 has about 1 million customers. The firm is planning a mass mailing of its spring sales catalog to all of its customers. The unit cost of the mailing (postage and catalog) is $6.00. The error rat
> Black Friday is one of the busiest and most profitable times for online retailers due to the traffic generated by price reductions online. On November 24, 2017, a number of Web sites belonging to major online retailers experienced a disruption of service
> You are now ready to create to a proof of concept system for FAME. Create your proof of concept using your technological recommendations (or using the environment that your instructor asks you to use).
> An e-business operates a high-volume catalog sales center. Through the use of clustered servers and mirrored disk drives, the data center has been able to achieve data availability of 99.5 percent. Although this exceeds industry norms, the organization s
> You have been asked to write a brief report on how TQM can be adopted by your organization to improve data quality. Produce a list of reasons why TQM should and should not be adopted, and recommend, with an explanation, an alternative approach to data qu
> Design an interface that would enable the capture of high-quality and error-free data.
> Referring to Problem and Exercise 12-28, rank the four candidates for the position of DBA at Metro Marketing. Again, support your rankings. Data from Problem and Exercise 12-28: Metro Marketers, Inc., wants to build a data warehouse for storing customer
> Referring to Problem and Exercise 12-28, rank the four candidates for the position of data warehouse administrator at Metro Marketing. Again, support your rankings. Data from Problem and Exercise 12-28: Metro Marketers, Inc., wants to build a data wareh
> Metro Marketers, Inc., wants to build a data warehouse for storing customer information that will be used for data marketing purposes. Building the data warehouse will require much more capacity and processing power than it has previously needed, and it
> In light of increasing legislation dictating how an organization is to store data, what would be your requirements for the role of chief data officer?
> The Pine Valley databases for this textbook (one small version illustrated in queries throughout the text and a larger version) are available to your instructor to download from the text’s Web site. Your instructor can make those databases available to y
> Examine the set of activities in Table 12-2 and categorize them as belonging to one of the following categories: people (“who”), process (“how”), and technology (“w
> Any successful data governance program needs to address the people (“who”), process (“how”), and technology (“what”) aspects. Based on your reading this chapter, provide some examples for each of these categories.
> You are now ready to create to a proof of concept system for FAME. Provide a document that provides your recommendation on the set of technologies (DBMS, programming language, Web server [if appropriate]) that you believe are best suited for FAME. Ensure
> Read an SAS white paper (www.sas.com/resources/whitepaper/wp_56343.pdf) on the use of telematics in car insurance. If Fitchwood started to use one of these technologies, what consequences would it have for its IT infrastructure needs?
> Fitchwood is a relatively small company (annual premium revenues less than $1 billion per year) that insures slightly more than 500,000 automobiles and about 200,000 homes. For what types of purposes might Fitchwood want to use big data technologies (i.e
> Text mining is an increasingly important subcategory of data mining. Can you identify potential uses of text mining in the context of an insurance company?
> Do you see any opportunities for data mining using the Fitchwood data mart? Research data mining tools and recommend one or two for use with the data mart.
> Suggest some visualization options that Fitchwood managers might want to use to support their decision making.
> Fitchwood management would like to use the data mart for drill-down online reporting. For example, a sales manager might want to view a report of total sales for an agent by month and then drill down into the individual types of policies to see how sales
> Review the white paper that has been used as a source for Figure 10-33. Which of the following tasks is the responsibility of data platform, integrated data warehouse, and integrated discovery platform, respectively? a. Finding new, previously unknown re
> For each scenario listed below, identify the following: the type of business analytics, the era of BI&A, the goal of data mining (if applicable), and whether and how big data and analytics have the potential to bring about change in the listed scenario.
> Consider the customer table created in Figure 10-24 and populated with data as shown in Figure 10-27. Write the Hive script that will display the age-groups that exist in the data set and their average incomes. Data from Figure 10-24: Data from Figure
> Use the Internet to browse the features and offerings of Big Data platforms such as HAVEn and Aster. Prepare a report of your findings.
> You are now ready to create to a proof of concept system for FAME. Revisit your deliverable for question 1-52, Chapter 1, and reread the case descriptions in Chapters 1 through 3 with an eye toward identifying the functionality you want to provide to the
> Write two HIVE queries, the first to create a PRODUCT table with fields ProdID, Name, Seller, Price; the second to load data into the table from file ProductInfo.csv. Make all necessary assumptions.
> For each situation presented below, illustrate a document as depicted in Figures 10-4 and 10-5 and specify whether it contains an array, an embedded subdocument, relationships, or collections. Use hypothetical data and make necessary assumptions. a. A do
> Review Figure 10-15 and answer the following questions based on it. a. What has happened between Input and Input’? b. Assume that the values associated with each of the keys (k1, k2, and so forth) are counts. What is the purpose of the
> Figure 10-14 describes a simple Hadoop architecture. If a real-world system is implemented using this approach, it will suffer from a specific weakness. Identify what this weakness is and find out what the latest versions of Hadoop have done to address i
> Assume that the following data regarding Students need to be stored—Name: First Name and Last Name, Roll Number, and Mobile Number. Illustrate with figures how it would be stored in different NoSQL database models.
> Review Figure 10-5 (a). Write a MongoDB query to display all products with review ratings greater than 3 stars and suppress the fields “height” and “width” in the output using the su
> Review Figure 10-3. For each of the formats, identify the elements that are data values and those that are labels describing the data. Data from Figure 10-3:
> Compare the JSON and XML representations of a record in Figure 10-1. What is the primary difference between these? Can you identify any advantages of one compared to the other? Data from Figure 10-1:
> GROUP BY by itself creates subtotals by category, and the ROLLUP extension to GROUP BY creates even more categories for subtotals. Using all the orders, do a rollup to get total order amounts by product, sales region, and month and all combinations, incl
> Because data warehouses and even data marts can become very large, it may be sufficient to work with a subset of data for some analyses. Create a sample of orders from 2004 using the SAMPLE SQL command (which is standard SQL); put a randomized allocation
> Consider the data needs of a small accounting department at a tax services firm. What would some of the data entities be in this setting? List and explain their relevance. Develop a project data model for this firm applying the database design concepts y
> Using the MDIFF “ordered analytical function” in Teradata SQL (see the Functions and Operators manual), show the differences (label the difference CHANGE) in TOTAL from quarter to quarter. Hint: You will likely create a derived table based on your query
