Question: Tonya sells a passive activity in the

> Would an individual taxpayer receive greater benefit from deducting an expenditure or from taking a credit equal to 25% of the expenditure? How would your response change if the item would only be deductible from AGI?

> Sarah has investments in four passive activity partnerships purchased several years ago. Last year the income and losses were as follows: Activity ………………….Income (Loss) A……………………………………$ 30,000 B……………………………………(30,000) C…………………………………….(15,000) D…………………………

> Sammy and Monica, both age 67, incur and pay medical expenses in excess of insurance reimbursements during the year as follows. For Sammy……………………………….$16,000 For Monica (wife)…………………………4,000 For Chuck (son)……………………………2,500 For Carter (Monica’s father)……

> Valentina, who is single, itemizes deductions and has no dependents. In the current year, she earned $6,000 of municipal bond interest income, and she paid state income taxes of $5,600, mortgage interest of $8,000, and $3,900 of interest on a home equity

> Pedro, age 57, is the sole owner of his principal residence, which he has owned and occupied for 10 years. Maria, his spouse, has also lived there 10 years. He sells the house for a realized gain of $340,000. a. Can Pedro use the § 121 exclusion if he an

> In 2017, Liza exercised an incentive stock option that had been granted to her in 2014 by her employer, White Corporation. Liza acquired 100 shares of White stock for the option price of $190 per share. The fair market value of the stock at the date of e

> Burt, the CFO of Amber, Inc., was granted incentive stock options in 2012. Burt exercised the options in February 2016, when the exercise price was $75,000 and the fair market value of the stock was $90,000. Burt sold the stock in September 2017 for $150

> Rust Company is a real estate construction business with average annual gross receipts of $3 million. Rust uses the completed contract method on a particular contract that requires 16 months to complete. The contract is for $500,000, with estimated costs

> Dart Corporation (a calendar year C corporation) would like to invest some of its excess earnings from retail operations in real estate. Dart is considering a purchase of 10 acres of land in a city whose economic prospects are good and whose population i

> A retailer’s store is destroyed by a tornado but is insured for its replacement cost. Consequently, the retailer has a $40,000 gain after receiving the insurance proceeds. The store is not replaced because the retailer spends the insurance proceeds on ad

> How could the AMT be calculated without using regular taxable income as a starting point? Be specific.

> Kelly recently was promoted and received a substantial raise. She talks to her tax adviser about the potential tax ramifications. After making some projections, her adviser “welcomes her to the AMT club.” Kelly believes that it is unfair that she must pa

> During the year, Rachel earned $18,000 of interest income on 2011 private activity bonds. She incurred interest expense of $7,000 in connection with amounts borrowed to purchase the bonds. What is the effect of these items on Rachel’s taxable income? On

> During the year, Ricardo made the following contributions to a qualified public charity: Cash……………………………………………………………………………………$220,000 Stock in Seagull, Inc. (a publicly traded corporation)………………280,000 Ricardo acquired the stock in Seagull, Inc., as an

> Joan is a self-employed consultant. What is her exposure to the Federal selfemployment tax? Discuss the tax rates that apply to Joan’s profits and the income base amounts for the year.

> A friend tells you that she does not worry about the AMT because she does not itemize deductions and, as a result, she does not generate many AMT adjustments. Evaluate your friend’s assertion.

> Wesley, who is single, listed his personal residence with a real estate agent on March 3, 2017, at a price of $390,000. He rejected several offers in the $350,000 range during the summer. Finally, on August 16, 2017, he and the purchaser signed a contrac

> Matt, who is single, always has elected to itemize deductions rather than take the standard deduction. In prior years, his itemized deductions always exceeded the standard deduction by a substantial amount. As a result of paying off the mortgage on his r

> Celine will be subject to the AMT in 2017. She owns an investment building and is considering disposing of it and investing in other realty. Based on an appraisal of the building’s value, the realized gain would be $85,000. Ed has offered to purchase the

> In 1998, Douglas purchased an office building for $500,000 to be used in a business. Douglas sells the building in the current tax year. Explain why the recognized gain or loss for regular income tax purposes is different from any recognized gain or loss

> Howard’s roadside vegetable stand (adjusted basis of $275,000) is destroyed by a tractor-trailer accident. He receives insurance proceeds of $240,000 ($300,000 fair market value $60,000 coinsurance). Howard immediately uses the proceeds plus additional c

> Evaluate the validity of the following statements: If the stock received under an incentive stock option (ISO) is sold in the year of exercise, there is no AMT adjustment. If the stock is sold in a later year, there will be an AMT adjustment then.

> Evaluate the validity of the following statement: In a year in which depreciable personal property is sold, the amount of the AMT gain adjustment equals the amount of the current year’s AMT depreciation adjustment.

> Alfred is single, and his AMTI of $350,000 consists of the following. What tax rates are applicable in calculating Alfred’s TMT? Ordinary income………………..$250,000 Long-term capital gains…………70,000 Qualified dividends……………….30,000

> Andrew and Monica, unrelated individuals, use the same Federal income tax filing status (head of household). However, Monica’s AMT exemption amount is $52,800, while Andrew’s is $0. Explain.

> An AMT liability results if the tentative minimum tax (TMT) exceeds the regular income tax liability. But what happens if the regular income tax liability exceeds the TMT? Does this create a negative AMT that can be carried to other years? Explain.

> How might a taxpayer who cannot avoid engaging in activities that generate AMT adjustments minimize or eliminate such adjustments?

> Mark and Lisa are approaching an exciting time in their lives as their oldest son, Austin, graduates from high school and moves on to college. What are some of the tax issues that Mark and Lisa should consider as they think about paying for Austin’s coll

> Karl purchased his residence on January 2, 2016, for $260,000, after having lived in it during 2015 as a tenant under a lease with an option to buy clause. On August 1, 2017, Karl sells the residence for $315,000. On June 13, 2017, Karl purchases a new r

> Auralia owns stock in Orange Corporation and Blue Corporation. She receives a $10,000 distribution from both corporations. The instructions from Orange state that the $10,000 is a dividend. The instructions from Blue state that the $10,000 is not a divid

> Liz had AGI of $130,000 in 2017. She donated Bluebird Corporation stock with a basis of $10,000 to a qualified charitable organization on July 5, 2017. a. What is the amount of Liz’s deduction assuming that she purchased the stock on December 3, 2016, an

> A depreciable business dump truck has been owned for four years and is no longer useful to the taxpayer. What would have to be true for the disposition of the dump truck to generate at least some § 1231 loss?

> Jacob, age 42, and Jane Brewster, age 37, are married and file a joint return in 2017. The Brewsters have two dependent children, Ellen and Sean, 10-year-old twins. Jacob is a factory supervisor; he earned $95,000 in 2017. Jane is a computer systems anal

> Robert A. Kliesh, age 41, is single and has no dependents. Robert’s Social Security number is 111-11-1112. His address is 201 Front Street, Missoula, MT 59812. He does not contribute to the Presidential Election Campaign fund through the Form 1040. Rober

> This year, Brennen sold a machine used in his business for $180,000. The machine was put into service eight years ago for $340,000. Depreciation up to the date of the sale for regular income tax purposes was $210,000; it was $190,000 for AMT purposes. Wh

> In March 2017, Serengeti exercised an ISO that had been granted by his employer, Thunder Corporation, in December 2014. Serengeti acquired 5,000 shares of Thunder stock with a strike price of $65 per share. The fair market value of the stock at the date

> Compute the 2017 AMT exemption for the following taxpayers. a. Bristol, who is single, reports AMTI of $149,500. b. Marley and Naila are married and file a joint tax return. Their AMTI is $498,000.

> Elijah, who is single, holds a $12,000 AMT credit available from year 1. For year 2, Elijah’s regular tax liability is $28,000, and his TMT is $24,000. Does Elijah owe any AMT for year 2? If so, how much (if any) of the AMT credit can he use for that yea

> Yanni, a single individual, reports the following information for the tax year. Salary……………………………………….$80,000 State income taxes…………………...…..6,800 Mortgage interest expense…………….6,200 Charitable contributions…………………1,500 Interest income……………………………..1,30

> Dimitri owns a gold mine that qualifies for a 15% percentage depletion rate. The basis of the property at the beginning of the year, prior to any current year depletion deduction, is $21,000. Gross income from the property for the year is $200,000; taxab

> Kiki, who incurred intangible drilling costs (IDC) of $94,000 during the year, deducted that amount for regular tax purposes. Her net oil and gas income for the year was $110,000. Kiki has calculated her current-year IDC preference to be $9,400. Is this

> Wanda, a calendar year taxpayer, owned a building (adjusted basis of $250,000) in which she operated a bakery that was destroyed by fire in December 2017. She receives insurance proceeds of $290,000 for the building the following March. Wanda is consider

> An individual taxpayer had a net § 1231 loss in 2017. Could any of this loss be treated as a long-term capital loss? Why or why not?

> Shontelle owns an apartment house that has an adjusted basis of $760,000 but is subject to a mortgage of $192,000. She transfers the apartment house to Dave and receives from him $120,000 in cash and an office building with a fair market value of $780,00

> Jorge owns two passive investments, Activity A and Activity B. He plans to sell Activity A in the current year or next year. Juanita has offered to buy Activity A this year for an amount that would produce a taxable passive activity gain to Jorge of $115

> In the current year, Bill Parker (54 Oak Drive, St. Paul, MN 55164) is considering making an investment of $60,000 in Best Choice Partnership. The prospectus provided by Bill’s broker indicates that the partnership investment is not a passive activity an

> In 2016, Fred invested $50,000 in a general partnership. Fred’s interest is not considered to be a passive activity. If his share of the partnership losses is $35,000 in 2016 and $25,000 in 2017, how much can he deduct in each year?

> Helen Derby borrowed $150,000 to acquire a parcel of land to be held for investment purposes. During the current year, she reported AGI of $90,000 and paid interest of $12,000 on the loan. Other items related to Helen’s investments include the following:

> In 2017, Kathleen Tweardy incurs $30,000 of interest expense related to her investments. Her investment income includes $7,500 of interest, $6,000 of qualified dividends, and a $12,000 net capital gain on the sale of securities. Kathleen asks you to comp

> Commercial Bank has initiated an advertising campaign that encourages customers to take out home equity loans to pay for purchases of automobiles. Are there any tax advantages related to this type of borrowing? Explain.

> Dan, a self-employed individual taxpayer, prepared his own income tax return for the past year and has asked you to check it for accuracy. Your review indicates that Dan failed to claim certain business entertainment expenses. a. Will the correction of t

> Explain why market-to-book valuation multiples demonstrate less variance over time and across firms than do price-earnings valuation multiples.

> Identify three economic factors that will drive a firm’s price-earnings ratio to decrease over time. Identify three accounting factors that will drive a firm’s price-earnings ratio down in a given period.

> Identify three economic factors that will drive a firm’s price-earnings ratio to be higher than that of other firms in the same industry. Identify three accounting factors that will drive a firm’s price-earnings ratio in a given period to be higher than

> In practice, it is common to observe price-earnings ratios measured as current period price divided by trailing-twelve-months (or most recent annual) earnings per share. Identify and explain three potential flaws inherent in this measurement of the price

> In conceptual terms, explain the value-earnings ratio. Explain the difference between the value-earnings ratio and the price-earnings ratio. What is the critical assumption about future earnings in both the value-earnings and price-earnings ratio?

> Identify three economic factors that will drive a firm’s value-to-book ratio to decrease over time. Identify three accounting factors that will drive a firm’s value-to-book ratio to decrease over time.

> Identify three economic factors that will drive a firm’s value-to-book ratio to be higher than that of other firms in the same industry. Identify three accounting factors that will drive a firm’s value-to-book ratio to be higher than that of other firms

> We projected financial statements for Walmart Stores for Years þ1 through +5. The data in Chapter 12 Exhibits 12.17–12.19 include the actual amounts for 2012 and the projected amounts for Year +1 to Year +5 for the income

> In this chapter, we evaluated shares of common equity in PepsiCo using the value-to-book approach, market multiples, price differentials, and reverse engineering. The Coca-Cola Company competes directly with PepsiCo. The data in Chapter 12 Exhibits 12.14

> Explain the implications of a value to-book ratio that is greater than the market-to-book ratio. Explain the implications of a value to-book ratio that is less than the market-to-book ratio.

> The Coca-Cola Company is a global soft-drink beverage company that is a primary and direct competitor with PepsiCo. The data in Chapter 12 Exhibits 12.14–12.16 include the actual amounts for 2012 and projected amounts for Year +1 to Yea

> In 2000, Enron enjoyed remarkable success in the capital markets. During that year, Enron’s shares increased in value by 89%, while the S&P 500 index fell by 9%. At the end of 2000, Enron’s shares were trading at roughly $83 per share and all of the sell

> This problem explores the sensitivity of the value-earnings and value-to-book models to changes in underlying assumptions. We recommend that you design a computer spreadsheet to perform the calculations, particularly for the value-to-book ratio. REQUIRE

> Exhibit 14.12 presents data on market-to-book ratios, ROCE, the cost of equity capital, and price-earnings ratios for seven pharmaceutical companies. (Note that price-earnings ratios for these firms typically fall in the 30–35 range.) E

> Problem 13.18 and Exhibit 13.7 in Chapter 13 present selected hypothetical data from projected financial statements for Steak ‘n Shake for Year +1 to Year +11. The amounts for Year +11 reflect a long-term growth assumption of 3%. The co

> Using the evidence presented in Exhibit 14.10, describe the extent to which the market is efficient with respect to quarterly earnings surprises during the 60 trading days prior to quarterly earnings announcements. Using the evidence presented in Exhibit

> Explain the role of analysts in increasing capital market efficiency.

> What does market efficiency mean? What does market efficiency not mean? Explain how market efficiency relates to the amount of information that affects share prices and the speed with which information affects share prices.

> Explain reverse engineering of share prices in conceptual terms. How does reverse engineering of share prices enable an analyst to infer (or deduce) the assumptions that the capital markets appear to impound in share price?

> What does a price differential measure? How does a price differential relate to risk?

> In Integrative Case 10.1, we projected financial statements for Starbucks for Years +1 through +5. In this portion of the Starbucks Integrative Case, we use the projected financial statements from Integrative Case 10.1 and apply the techniques in Chapter

> Each column presents financial information taken from one of four different companies, with one or more items of data missing. Required: Use your understanding of the relationships among financial statements and financial statement items to find the mi

> Parker Renovation Inc. renovates historical buildings for commercial use. During 2019, Parker had $763,400 of revenue from renovation services and $5,475 of interest income from miscellaneous investments. Parker incurred $222,900 of wages expense, $135,0

> Information for TTL Inc. is given below. Required: Use the relationships in the balance sheet, income statement, and retained earnings statement to determine the missing values. Total assets at the beginning of the year S (a) Total assets at the en

> At the beginning of 2019, Huffer Corporation had total assets of $232,400, total liabilities of $94,200, common stock of $50,000, and retained earnings of $88,200. During 2019, Huffer had net income of $51,750, paid dividends of $10,000, and issued addit

> Carson Corporation reported the following amounts for assets and liabilities at the beginning and end of a recent year. Required: Calculate Carson’s net income or net loss for the year in each of the following independent situations: 1.

> Data from the financial statements of four different companies are presented in separate columns in the table below. Each column has one or more data items missing. Required: Use your understanding of the relationships among the financial statement item

> The following information relates to Ashton Appliances for 2019. Accounts payable $ 16,800 Income taxes expense $ 16,650 Accounts receivable 69,900 Income taxes payable 12,000 Accumulated depreciation (building) 104,800 Insurance expense 36,

> The table below presents the retained earnings statements for Bass Corporation for 3 successive years. Certain numbers are missing. Required: Use your understanding of the relationship between successive retained earnings statements to calculate the miss

> Dittman Expositions has the following data available: Dividends, 2019 $ 10,250 Retained earnings, 12/31/2018 $ 20,900 Dividends, 2020 12,920 Revenues, 2019 407,500 Expenses, 2019 382,100 Revenues, 2020 451,600 Expenses, 2020 418,600 Required

> The following information for Rogers Enterprises is available at December 31, 2019, and includes all of Rogers’ financial statement amounts except retained earnings: Accounts receivable $72,920 Property, plant, and equipment $ 90,000 Cash 13,240

> What types of questions are answered by the financial statements?

> Each column presents financial information taken from one of four different companies, with one or more items of data missing. Required: Use your understanding of the relationships among financial statements and financial statement items to determine t

> Powers Wrecking Service demolishes old buildings and other structures and sells the salvaged materials. During 2019, Powers had $425,000 of revenue from demolition services and $137,000 of revenue from salvage sales. Powers also had $1,575 of interest in

> Information for Beethoven Music Company is given below. Total assets at the beginning of Equity at the beginning of the year $ (b) the year $145,200 Equity at the end of the year 104,100 Total assets at the end of the year (a) Divid

> Which of the following statements is true? a. The auditor’s opinion is typically included in the notes to the financial statements. b. The notes to the financial statements are an integral part of the financial statements that clarify and expand on the i

> Which of the following sentences regarding the statement of cash flows is false? a. The statement of cash flows describes the company’s cash receipts and cash payments for a period of time. b. The statement of cash flows reconciles the beginning and endi

> Which of the following statements concerning retained earnings is true? a. Retained earnings is the difference between revenues and expenses. b. Retained earnings is increased by dividends and decreased by net income. c. Retained earnings represents accu

> For the most recent year, Grant Company reported revenues of $182,300, cost of goods sold of $108,800, inventory of $8,500, salaries expense of $48,600, rent expense of $12,000, and cash of $12,300. What was Grant’s net income? a. $9,400 b. $12,900 c. $2

> Which of the following statements regarding the income statement is true? a. The income statement provides information about the profitability and growth of a company. b. The income statement shows the results of a company’s operations at a specific poin

> Refer to the information for Marker above. What is Marker’s stockholders’ equity? a. $7,500 b. $17,500 c. $19,100 d. $25,000

> Refer to the information for Marker above. What is the total of Marker’s current assets? a. $12,100 b. $13,700 c. $14,500 d. $25,000

> Name and briefly describe the purpose of the four financial statements.

> Which of the following is not shown in the heading of a financial statement? a. The title of the financial statement b. The name of the company c. The time period covered by the financial statement d. The name of the auditor

> What type of questions do the financial statements help to answer? a. Is the company better off at the end of the year than at the beginning of the year? b. What resources does the company have? c. For what did a company use its cash during the year? d.

> Which of the following is not one of the four basic financial statements? a. Balance sheet b. Income statement c. Statement of cash d. Auditor’s report

> At December 31, Pitt Inc. has assets of $12,900 and liabilities of $6,300. What is the stockholders’ equity for Pitt at December 31? a. $6,600 b. $6,300 c. $18,100 d. $19,200

> Cam and Anna met during their freshman year of college as they were standing in line to buy tickets to a concert. While waiting in line, the two shared various aspects of their lives. Cam, whose father was an executive at a major record label, was raised

> Refer to the 10-K reports of Under Armour, Inc., and Columbia Sportswear that are available for download from the companion website at CengageBrain.com. Required: Answer the following questions: 1. Describe each company’s business and list some of the m