Question: Virginia owns 100% of Goshawk Company. In

> Rafael transfers the following assets to Crane Corporation in exchange for all of its stock. (Assume that neither Rafael nor Crane plans to make any special tax elections at the time of incorporation.) a. What is Rafael’s recognized g

> On September 18, 2017, Gerald received land and a building from Frank as a gift. Frank’s adjusted basis and the fair market value at the date of the gift are as follows: No gift tax was paid on the transfer. a. Determine Geraldâ

> Allie forms Broadbill Corporation by transferring land (basis of $125,000, fair market value of $775,000), which is subject to a mortgage of $375,000. One month prior to incorporating Broadbill, Allie borrows $100,000 for personal reasons and gives the l

> Cynthia, a sole proprietor, was engaged in a service business and reported her income on the cash basis. In February of the current year, she incorporates her business as Dove Corporation and transfers the assets of the business to the corporation in ret

> What does “property” include for purposes of § 351?

> Katie, a single taxpayer, invested $75,000 in the stock of Penguin Corporation, which recently declared bankruptcy. Although distressed over the loss of her investment, Katie is relieved that she can claim a $75,000 ordinary (rather than capital) loss de

> In a § 351 transfer, Grebe Corporation receives property in exchange for stock. Will Grebe’s holding period for the property be the same as the shareholder’s holding period for the stock? Explain.

> How does the transfer of mortgaged property to a controlled corporation affect the transferor-shareholder’s basis in stock received? Assume that no gain is recognized on the transfer.

> Copper Industries (a sole proprietorship) sold three § 1231 assets during 2017. Data on these property dispositions are as follows: a. Determine the amount and the character of the recognized gain or loss from the disposition of each asset.

> Four friends plan to form a corporation for purposes of constructing a shopping center. Charlie will be contributing the land for the project and wants more security than shareholder status provides. He is contemplating two possibilities: receive corpora

> Nancy and her daughter, Kathleen, have been working together in a cattery called “The Perfect Cat.” Nancy formed the business several years ago as a sole proprietorship, and it has been very successful. Assets currently have a fair market value of $450,0

> Paul Chaing (4522 Fargo Street, Geneva, IL 60134) acquires a qualifying historic structure for $350,000 (excluding the cost of the land) and plans to substantially rehabilitate the structure. He is planning to spend either $320,000 or $380,000 on rehabil

> What is the control requirement of § 351? Describe the effect of the following in satisfying this requirement: a. A shareholder renders only services to the corporation for stock. b. A shareholder renders services and transfers property to the corporatio

> Margo receives a gift of real estate with an adjusted basis of $175,000 and a fair market value of $100,000. The donor paid gift tax of $15,000 on the transfer. If Margo later sells the property for $110,000, what is her recognized gain or loss?

> Noah, who has $62,000 of AGI before considering rental activities, has $70,000 of losses from a real estate rental activity in which he actively participates. He also actively participates in another real estate rental activity from which he has $33,000

> Does the receipt of securities in exchange for the transfer of appreciated property to a controlled corporation cause recognition of gain? Explain.

> Can gain ever be recognized in a § 351 transfer if boot is not received? Explain.

> Under what circumstances will gain and/or loss be recognized on a § 351 transfer?

> In terms of justification and effect, § 351 (transfers to a controlled corporation) and § 1031 (like-kind exchanges) are much alike. Explain.

> Albert owns 100 acres of land on which he grows spruce Christmas trees. His \adjusted basis for the land is $100,000. He receives condemnation proceeds \of $10,000 when the city’s new beltway takes 5 acres along the eastern boundary of \his property. He

> Sarah incorporates her small business but does not transfer the machinery and equipment the business uses to the corporation. Subsequently, the machinery and equipment are leased to the corporation for an annual rent. What tax reasons might Sarah have fo

> Keith’s sole proprietorship holds assets that, if sold, would yield a gain of $100,000. It also owns assets that would yield a loss of $30,000. Keith incorporates his business using only the gain assets. Two days later, Keith sells the loss assets to the

> Under what circumstances, if any, may a shareholder deduct a business bad debt on a loan made to the corporation?

> In structuring the capitalization of a corporation, what are the advantages and disadvantages of utilizing debt rather than equity?

> Barbara incurred the following expenses during the year: $840 dues at a health club she joined at the suggestion of her physician to improve her general physical condition, $240 for multiple vitamins and antioxidant vitamins, $500 for a smoking cessation

> The Wilmoths plan to purchase a house but want to determine the after-tax cost of financing its purchase. Given their projected taxable income, the Wilmoths are in the 28% Federal income tax bracket and the 8% state income tax bracket (i.e., an aggregate

> Donna donates stock in Chipper Corporation to the American Red Cross on September 10, 2017. She purchased the stock for $18,100 on December 28, 2016, and it had a fair market value of $27,000 when she made the donation. a. What is Donna’s charitable cont

> A corporation acquires property as a contribution to capital from a shareholder and from a nonshareholder. Are the rules pertaining to the property’s basis the same? Explain.

> Discuss how each of the following affects the calculation of the basis of stock received by a shareholder in a § 351 transfer: a. The transfer of a liability to the corporation along with property. b. Property that has been transferred has built-in losse

> Rhonda has an adjusted basis and an at-risk amount of $7,500 in a passive activity at the beginning of the year. She also has a suspended passive activity loss of $1,500 carried over from the prior year. During the current year, she has a loss of $12,000

> Siena Industries (a sole proprietorship) sold three § 1231 assets during 2017. Data on these property dispositions are as follows: a. Determine the amount and the character of the recognized gain or loss from the disposition of each asset.

> At a point when Robin Corporation has been in existence for six years, shareholder Ted transfers real estate (adjusted basis of $20,000 and fair market value of $100,000) to the corporation for additional stock. At the same time, Peggy, the other shareho

> Grady exchanges qualified property, basis of $12,000 and fair market value of $18,000, for 60% of the stock of Eadie Corporation. The other 40% of the stock is owned by Pedro, who acquired it five years ago. Calculate Grady’s current income, gain, or los

> Marie and Ethan form Roundtree Corporation with the transfer of the following. Marie performs personal services for the corporation with a fair market value of $80,000 in exchange for 400 shares of stock. Ethan contributes an installment note receivable

> Several years ago, Lowell, who is single, acquired § 1244 stock in Blue Corporation at a cost of $60,000. He sells the Blue stock for $5,000 in the current year. Determine the amount and nature of Lowell’s gain or loss recognized this year.

> Chaz transfers cash of $60,000 to a newly formed corporation for 100% of the stock. In its initial year, the corporation has net income of $15,000. The income is credited to its earnings and profits account. The corporation distributes $5,000 to Chaz. a.

> Yvonne and Simon form Ion Corporation. Yvonne transfers equipment (basis of $110,000 and fair market value of $165,000). Simon invests $130,000 of cash. They each receive 100 shares in Ion Corporation, worth $130,000, but Yvonne also receives $35,000 in

> Martin transfers real estate with an adjusted basis of $260,000 and fair market value of $350,000 to a newly formed corporation in exchange for 100% of the stock. The corporation assumes the liability on the transferred real estate in the amount of $300,

> Nicky receives a car from Sam as a gift. Sam paid $48,000 for the car. He had used it for business purposes and had deducted $10,000 for depreciation up to the time he gave the car to Nicky. The fair market value of the car is $33,000. a. Assuming that N

> Oak Corporation holds the following general business credit carryovers. 2013…………………………$ 5,000 2014…………………………..15,000 2015…………………………….6,000 2016…………………………...19,000 Total carryovers………..$45,000 If Oak’s general business credit generated by 2017 activitie

> Jocelyn contributes land with a basis of $60,000 and fair market value of $90,000 and inventory with a basis of $5,000 and fair market value of $8,000 in exchange for 100% of Zion Corporation stock. The land is subject to a $15,000 mortgage. Determine Jo

> Jingie owns two parcels of business land (§ 1231 assets). One parcel can be sold at a loss of $60,000, and the other parcel can be sold at a gain of $70,000. Jingie has no nonrecaptured § 1231 losses from prior years. The parcels could be sold at any tim

> A personal service corporation (PSC) generally is limited to the calendar year for reporting purposes. One exception to this rule is when the PSC can demonstrate a business purpose for a fiscal year-end. Discuss the business purpose exception, including

> A new client, John Dobson, recently formed John’s Premium Steakhouse, Inc., to operate a new restaurant. The restaurant will be a first-time business venture for John, who recently retired after 30 years of military service. John transferred cash to the

> Forrester owns a nonrental business with two separate departments. Department A generates net income of $70,000, and Department B generates a net loss of $58,000. Forrester participates 800 hours in the operations of Department A and 300 hours in the ope

> Tern Corporation, a calendar year C corporation, is solely owned by Jessica Ramirez. Tern’s only business since its incorporation in 2014 has been land surveying services. In Tern’s state of incorporation, land surveying can be performed only by a licens

> In the current year, Wilson Enterprises, a calendar year taxpayer, suffers a casualty loss of $90,000. How much of the casualty loss will be deductible by Wilson under the following circumstances? a. Wilson is an individual proprietor and has AGI of $225

> Heron Company purchases commercial realty on November 12, 1999, for $650,000. Straight-line depreciation of $287,492 is claimed before the property is sold on February 23, 2017, for $850,000. What are the tax consequences of the sale of realty if Heron i

> During 2017, Gorilla Corporation has net short-term capital gains of $15,000, net long-term capital losses of $105,000, and taxable income from other sources of $460,000. Prior years’ transactions included the following: 2013 net short-term capital gains

> Roberto has received various gifts over the years. He has decided to dispose of the following assets he received as gifts: a. In 1951, he received land worth $32,000. The donor’s adjusted basis was $35,000. Roberto sells the land for $95,000 in 2017. b.

> In the current year, Tanager Corporation (a C corporation) had operating income of $480,000 and operating expenses of $390,000. In addition, Tanager had a long-term capital gain of $55,000 and a short-term capital loss of $40,000. a. Compute Tanager’s ta

> In the current year, Roger pays a $3,000 premium for high-deductible medical insurance for him and his family. In addition, he contributed $2,600 to a Health Savings Account. a. How much may Roger deduct if he is self-employed? Is the deduction for AGI o

> Adelyn generated a tentative general business credit of $42,000 for the current year. Her net regular tax liability before the general business credit is $107,000, and her tentative minimum tax is $88,000. Compute Adelyn’s allowable general business cred

> Benton Company (BC) has one owner, who is in the 33% Federal income tax bracket. BC’s gross income is $395,000, and its ordinary trade or business deductions are $245,000. Compute the Federal income tax liability on BC’s income for the current year under

> In the current year, Azure Company has $350,000 of net operating income before deducting any compensation or other payment to its sole owner, Sasha. In addition, Azure has interest on municipal bonds of $25,000. Sasha has significant income from other so

> Ellie and Linda are equal owners in Otter Enterprises, a calendar year business. During the current year, Otter Enterprises has $320,000 of gross income and $210,000 of operating expenses. In addition, Otter has a long-term capital gain of $15,000 and ma

> In the current year, Riflebird Company had operating income of $220,000, operating expenses of $175,000, and a long-term capital loss of $10,000. How do Riflebird Company and Roger, the sole owner of Riflebird, report this information on their respective

> Jane suffers from a degenerative spinal disorder. Her physician said that swimming could help prevent the onset of permanent paralysis and recommended the installation of a swimming pool at her residence for her use. Jane’s residence had a market value o

> David, a sole proprietor of a bookstore, pays a $7,500 premium for medical insurance for him and his family. Joan, an employee of a small firm that doesn’t provide her with medical insurance, pays medical insurance premiums of $8,000 for herself. How doe

> In January 2017, Pelican, Inc., established an allowance for uncollectible accounts (bad debt reserve) of $70,000 on its books and increased the allowance by $120,000 during the year. As a result of a client’s bankruptcy, Pelican, Inc., decreased the all

> In the current year, Pelican, Inc., incurs $10,000 of meals and entertainment expenses that it deducts in computing net income per the corporation’s financial statements. All of the meals and entertainment expenditures are subject to the 50% cutback rule

> Rod Clooney purchases Agnes Mitchell’s sole proprietorship for $990,000 on August 15, 2017. The assets of the business are as follows: a. Calculate Agnes’s realized and recognized gain. b. Determine Rodâ€&

> Jerry and Ernie are comparing their tax situations. Both are paying all of the nursing home expenses of their parents. Jerry can include the expenses in computing his medical expense deduction, but Ernie cannot. What explanation can you offer for the dif

> During 2017, Susan incurred and paid the following expenses for Beth (her daughter), Ed (her father), and herself: Surgery for Beth………………………………………………….$4,500 Red River Academy charges for Beth: Tuition………………………………………………………………….5,100 Room, board, and oth

> Dove Corporation, a calendar year C corporation, had the following information for 2017: Net income per books (after-tax)……………………………………………………………$386,250 Taxable income……………………………………………………………………………………….120,000 Federal income tax per books…………………………………………

> The following information for 2017 relates to Sparrow Corporation, a calendar year, accrual method taxpayer. Net income per books (after-tax)…………………………………………….……….$174,100 Federal income tax expense per books……………………………………………….86,600 Tax-exempt interest

> Kathleen and Glenn decide that this is the year to begin getting serious about saving for their retirement by participating in their employers’ § 401(k) plans. As a result, they each have $3,000 of their salary set aside in their qualified plans. a. Calc

> Red Corporation and White Corporation, both calendar year C corporations, are members of a controlled group of corporations. For the current year, Red has taxable income of $130,000, and White has taxable income of $200,000. Assuming that the controlled

> In each of the following independent situations, determine the corporation’s income tax liability. Assume that all corporations use a calendar year for tax purposes and that the tax year involved is 2017.

> Egret Corporation, a calendar year C corporation, was formed on March 6, 2017, and opened for business on July 1, 2017. After its formation but prior to opening for business, Egret incurred the following expenditures: Accounting………………$ 7,000 Advertising

> Gull Corporation, a cash method, calendar year C corporation, was formed and began business on November 1, 2017. Gull incurred the following expenses during its first year of operations (November 1, 2017–December 31, 2017): Expenses of temporary directo

> In each of the following independent situations, determine the dividends received deduction. Assume that none of the corporate shareholders owns 20% or more of the stock in the corporations paying the dividends. Almond Blond Cherry Corporation Corp

> During the current year, Swallow Corporation, a calendar year C corporation, has the following transactions: Income from operations………………………………….$660,000 Expenses from operations………………………………....720,000 Dividends received from Brown Corporation………240,000

> Marcia, a shareholder in a corporation with stores in five states, donated stock with a basis of $10,000 to a qualified charitable organization in 2016. Although the stock of the corporation was not traded on a public stock exchange, many shares had been

> Keshara has the following net § 1231 results for each of the years shown. What would be the nature of the net gains in 2016 and 2017? Tax Year Net 5 1231 Loss Net 5 1231 Gain 2012 $18,000 2013 33,000 2014 42,000 2015 $41,000 2016 30,000 2

> Kevin purchases 1,000 shares of Bluebird Corporation stock on October 3, 2017, for $300,000. On December 12, 2017, Kevin purchases an additional 750 shares of Bluebird stock for $210,000. According to market quotations, Bluebird stock is selling for $285

> White Corporation, a calendar year C corporation, manufactures plumbing fixtures. For the current year, White has taxable income [before the domestic production activities deduction (DPAD)] of $900,000, qualified production activities income (QPAI) of $1

> Dan Simms is the president and sole shareholder of Simms Corporation, 1121 Madison Street, Seattle, WA 98121. Dan plans for the corporation to make a charitable contribution to the University of Washington, a qualified public charity. He will have the co

> In 2017, Gray Corporation, a calendar year C corporation, has a $75,000 charitable contribution carryover from a gift made in 2012. Gray is contemplating a gift of land to a qualified charity in either 2017 or 2018. Gray purchased the land as an investme

> Bernadette Rosen, a longtime client of yours, is an architect and the president of the local Rotary chapter. To keep up to date with the latest developments in her profession, she attends continuing education seminars offered by the architecture school a

> Joseph Thompson is president and sole shareholder of Jay Corporation. In December 2017, Joe asks your advice regarding a charitable contribution he plans to have the corporation make to the University of Maine, a qualified public charity. Joe is consider

> In the current year, Plum, Inc., a closely held C corporation, has $410,000 of net active income, $20,000 of portfolio income, and a $75,000 passive activity loss. What is Plum’s taxable income for the current year under the following circumstances? a. P

> Determine whether the following expenditures by Cuckoo Corporation are organizational expenditures, startup expenditures, or neither. a. Legal expenses incurred for drafting the corporate charter and bylaws. b. Accounting fees incurred in organization. c

> Define the terms temporary difference and permanent difference as they pertain to the financial reporting of income tax expenses. Describe how these two book-tax differences affect the gap between book and taxable income. How are permanent and temporary

> Janice is the sole owner of Catbird Company. In the current year, Catbird had operating income of $100,000, a long-term capital gain of $15,000, and a charitable contribution of $5,000. Janice withdrew $70,000 of profit from Catbird. How should Janice re

> A sculpture that Korliss Kane held for investment was destroyed in a flood. The sculpture was insured, and Korliss had a $60,000 gain from this casualty. He also had a $17,000 loss from an uninsured antique vase that was destroyed by the flood. The vase

> Art, an executive with Azure Corporation, plans to start a part-time business selling products on the internet. He will devote about 15 hours each week to running the business. Art’s salary from Azure places him in the 35% tax bracket. He projects substa

> Karen Samuels (Social Security number 123-45-6789) makes the following purchases and sales of stock: Assuming that Karen is unable to identify the particular lots that are sold with the original purchase, determine the recognized gain or loss on each t

> Barbara owns 40% of the stock of Cassowary Corporation (a C corporation) and 40% of the stock of Emu Corporation (an S corporation). In the current year, each corporation has operating income of $120,000 and tax-exempt interest income of $8,000. Neither

> Ken and Mary Jane Blough, your neighbors, have asked you for advice after receiving correspondence in the mail from the IRS. You learn that the IRS is asking for documentation in support of the itemized deductions the Bloughs claimed on a recent tax retu

> Jennifer and Jamie are starting a business and have asked you for advice about whether they should form a partnership, a corporation, or some other type of entity. Prepare a list of questions you would ask in helping them decide which type of entity they

> Marcellus Jackson, the CFO of Mac, Inc., notices that the tax liability reported on Mac’s tax return is less than the tax expense reported on Mac’s financial statements. Provide a letter to Jackson outlining why these two tax expense numbers differ. Mac’

> Jim and Mary Jean are married and have two dependent children under the age of 13. Both parents are gainfully employed and earn salaries as follows: $16,000 (Jim) and $5,200 (Mary Jean). To care for their children while they work, Jim and Mary Jean pay E

> In the current year, Woodpecker, Inc., a C corporation with $8.5 million in assets, reported amortization of $40,000 on its financial statements and deducted amortization of $55,000 on its Federal tax return. Is Woodpecker required to file Schedule M–3?

> Schedule M–1 of Form 1120 is used to reconcile financial accounting net income with taxable income reported on the corporation’s income tax return as follows: Net income per books + Additions ─ Subtractions = Taxable income. Classify the following items

> When are C corporations required to make estimated tax payments? How are these payments calculated?

> Emily spent $135,000 to rehabilitate a building (adjusted basis of $90,000) that originally had been placed in service in 1935. a. Compute Emily’s credit for rehabilitation expenditures. b. How would your answer change if the building were a historic str

> Marmot Corporation pays a dividend of $100,000 in the current year. Otter Corporation, which is in the 25% marginal bracket, owns 15% of Marmot’s stock. Gerald, an individual taxpayer in the 25% marginal bracket, also owns 15% of Marmot’s stock. Compare

> Gold Corporation, a calendar year C corporation, was formed in 2011 and has been profitable until the current year. In 2017, Gold incurs a net operating loss. Identify the issues that Gold Corporation should consider regarding its NOL carryback and carry

> The city of Lawrence recently was hit by a tornado, leaving many families in need of food, clothing, shelter, and other necessities. Betty contributed $500 to a family whose home was completely destroyed by the tornado. Jack contributed $700 to the famil