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Question: Choose the best answer. 1. Which of

Choose the best answer. 1. Which of the following statements is true regarding the definition of a fund? a. A fund is a fiscal entity that is designed to provide reporting that demonstrates conformance with finance-related legal and contractual provisions separately from GAAP reporting. b. A fund is an accounting entity that is designed to enable reporting in conformity with GAAP without being restricted by legal or contractual provisions. c. A fund is a mechanism developed to provide accounting for revenues and expenditures that are subject to certain restrictions separate from revenues and expenditures that are not subject to restrictions. d. A fund exists to assist in carrying on activities and attaining objectives where there are no specific rules or restrictions. 2. Which of the following statements is true regarding the basic financial statements of a state or l o cal government? a. Separate columns should be provided in the government-wide financial statements for governmental activities and business-type activities. b. Governmental fund and proprietary fund financial statements should provide a separate column for each major fund. c. Aggregate information about all non major governmental funds or non major enterprise funds should be reported in a single column of the governmental fund or proprietary fund financial statements. d. All of the above. 3. Which of the following sets of elements are common to both governmental financial statements and for-profit financial statements? a. Assets and net position. b. Deferred outflows of resources and liabilities. c. Assets and liabilities. d. Net position and liabilities. 4. The measurement focus and basis of accounting that should be used for the governmental fund financial statements are
Choose the best answer.
1. Which of the following statements is true regarding the definition of a fund?
a. A fund is a fiscal entity that is designed to provide reporting that demonstrates conformance with finance-related legal and contractual provisions separately from GAAP reporting.
b. A fund is an accounting entity that is designed to enable reporting in conformity with GAAP without being restricted by legal or contractual provisions.
c. A fund is a mechanism developed to provide accounting for revenues and expenditures that are subject to certain restrictions separate from revenues and expenditures that are not subject to restrictions.
d. A fund exists to assist in carrying on activities and attaining objectives where there are no specific rules or restrictions.
2. Which of the following statements is true regarding the basic financial statements of a   state or l  o  cal government?
a. Separate columns should be provided in the government-wide financial statements for governmental activities and business-type activities.
b. Governmental fund and proprietary fund financial statements should  provide a separate column for each major fund.
c. Aggregate information about all non major governmental funds or non major enterprise funds should be reported in a single column of the governmental fund or proprietary fund financial statements.
d. All of the above.
3. Which of the following sets of elements are common to both governmental financial statements and for-profit financial statements?
a. Assets and net position.
b. Deferred outflows of resources and liabilities.
c. Assets and liabilities.
d. Net position and liabilities.
4. The measurement focus and basis of accounting that should be used for the governmental   fund financial statements are


5. Which of the following amounts that are identified at the end of the fiscal year would be classified as a restricted fund balance?
a. Resources the city manager has set aside for a major street repair.
b. A federal grant that is to be used for playground equipment.
c. Significant amounts of inventory.
d. Endowment resources that the city must maintain in perpetuity.
6. Separate reporting for major funds is needed because
a. Users of governmental financial statements are usually interested in the details of every fund used by a government.
b. It is illegal to aggregate funds where the elements of the fund represent at least 5 percent of the corresponding element for all funds of the same type.
c. Users of governmental financial statements need to be able to examine the activities and resources of fiduciary funds. 
d. Users of governmental financial statements need to be able to examine funds that represent large dollar amounts of a government’s resources and activities.
7. Assets and liabilities of activities for which the government is acting in either an agency or trustee capacity for individuals, organizations, or other governments should be reported in: a. The fiduciary column of the government-wide financial statements.
b. The fiduciary fund financial statements.
c. Both government-wide and fiduciary fund statements.
d. Neither government-wide nor fiduciary fund statements.
8. Under the modified accrual basis of accounting:
a. Revenues are recognized at the time an exchange transaction occurs.
b. Expenditures are recognized as the cost of an Asset expires or is used up in providing governmental services.
c. Revenues are recognized when current financial resources become measurable and available to pay current-period obligations.
d. Expenses are recognized when an obligation occurs for costs incurred in providing services.
9. Financial information about an internal service fund should be reported in the proprietary fund financial statements and the:
a. Governmental Activities column of the government-wide financial  statements.
b. Business-type Activities column of the government-wide financial  statements.
c. Either a or b, depending on whether the internal service fund predominantly serves governmental activities or business-type activities.
d. None of the above.
10. A certain city reports the following year-end total assets:

General Fund…………………………………………………………………………$18,400,000
Library Fund (a special revenue fund)………………………………………..2,900,000
Debt Service Fund……………………………………………………………………..2,600,000
Total governmental funds………………………………………………………..26,300,000
Total governmental and enterprise funds combined………………..51,250,000

Based on this information, which funds should be reported as major funds ?
a. General Fund only.
b. General Fund and Library Fund.
c. General Fund and Debt Service Fund.
d. All three funds should be reported as major funds.

5. Which of the following amounts that are identified at the end of the fiscal year would be classified as a restricted fund balance? a. Resources the city manager has set aside for a major street repair. b. A federal grant that is to be used for playground equipment. c. Significant amounts of inventory. d. Endowment resources that the city must maintain in perpetuity. 6. Separate reporting for major funds is needed because a. Users of governmental financial statements are usually interested in the details of every fund used by a government. b. It is illegal to aggregate funds where the elements of the fund represent at least 5 percent of the corresponding element for all funds of the same type. c. Users of governmental financial statements need to be able to examine the activities and resources of fiduciary funds. d. Users of governmental financial statements need to be able to examine funds that represent large dollar amounts of a government’s resources and activities. 7. Assets and liabilities of activities for which the government is acting in either an agency or trustee capacity for individuals, organizations, or other governments should be reported in: a. The fiduciary column of the government-wide financial statements. b. The fiduciary fund financial statements. c. Both government-wide and fiduciary fund statements. d. Neither government-wide nor fiduciary fund statements. 8. Under the modified accrual basis of accounting: a. Revenues are recognized at the time an exchange transaction occurs. b. Expenditures are recognized as the cost of an Asset expires or is used up in providing governmental services. c. Revenues are recognized when current financial resources become measurable and available to pay current-period obligations. d. Expenses are recognized when an obligation occurs for costs incurred in providing services. 9. Financial information about an internal service fund should be reported in the proprietary fund financial statements and the: a. Governmental Activities column of the government-wide financial statements. b. Business-type Activities column of the government-wide financial statements. c. Either a or b, depending on whether the internal service fund predominantly serves governmental activities or business-type activities. d. None of the above. 10. A certain city reports the following year-end total assets: General Fund…………………………………………………………………………$18,400,000 Library Fund (a special revenue fund)………………………………………..2,900,000 Debt Service Fund……………………………………………………………………..2,600,000 Total governmental funds………………………………………………………..26,300,000 Total governmental and enterprise funds combined………………..51,250,000 Based on this information, which funds should be reported as major funds ? a. General Fund only. b. General Fund and Library Fund. c. General Fund and Debt Service Fund. d. All three funds should be reported as major funds.





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> Inglis City had a beginning cash balance in its enterprise fund of $895,635. During 2017, the following transactions occurred: 1. Interest received on investments totaled $42,400. 2. The city acquired additional equity investments totaling $75,000. 3. A

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> Choose the best answer. 1. Which of the following is not a fiduciary fund? a. Permanent fund. b. Private-purpose trust fund. c. Investment trust fund. d. Agency fund. 2. Which of the following is an example of a trust fund? a. A fund used to account for

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> A s noted in Appendix B to this chapter, most, if not all, state governments require public school districts to report financial and other data to the appropriate state agency, so the state can report standardized school data to the National Center for E

> Examine the CAFR. Utilizing the CAFR obtained for Exercise/Problem 1–15, examine the financial statements included in the financial section and answer the following questions. If the CAFR you have obtained does not conform to GAAP, it i

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> Explain the difference between a private-purpose trust and a public-purpose trust. How does the reporting for the two types of trusts differ?

> Compare a defined benefit pension plan with a defined contribution pension plan. If you were an employee, which type of plan would you prefer? Why?

> Explain how the financial reporting of fiduciary funds differs from that of governmental funds.

> Describe the basic activities conducted by a tax agency fund. What are some of the issues that make tax agency fund accounting complex?

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> Explain the distinction(s) between agency funds and trust funds. What financial statements are prepared for each?

> What are regulatory accounting principles and how do they relate to enterprise fund accounting?

> The city manager of University City is finalizing the budget proposal that must be submitted to the city council 60 days prior to the July 1 start of the next fiscal year, FY 20X2. An economic recession has significantly r educed the city’s revenues over

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> Although proprietary funds are often compared to for-profit businesses, there are several differences between accounting for proprietary funds and accounting for a for-profit organization. Identify and discuss at least one difference for each of the fund

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> What is meant by “segment information for enterprise funds”? When is the disclosure of segment information required?

> What are the characteristics of a proprietary fund? How do internal service funds and enterprise funds differ?

> What are the GASB requirements for reporting investments held for the purpose of servicing government debt?

> How do term bonds differ from serial bonds? What, if any, impact does this difference have on the entries made to the debt service fund over the life of the bonds?

> Governments are prevented from borrowing unlimited funds through the enforcement of debt limits. Explain the concept of a debt limit. How are debt limits computed? How is the concept of borrowing power or debt margin connected to debt limits?

> Refer to Case 3–11 for instructions about how to obtain the CAFR for a city of your choice. Using that CAFR, go to the required supplementary information (RSI) section, immediately following the notes to the financial statements, and locate the budgetar

> Although the most common type of general long-term liabilities are those arising from financing activities (e.g., bonds, notes, and capital leases), general long-term liabilities can also be created through operating activities. Provide examples of long-

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> How are general long-term liabilities distinguished from other long-term liabilities of the government? How does the financial reporting of general long-term liabilities differ from the financial reporting of other long-term liabilities?

> What two measures help protect a government from failure on a contractor’s part to comply with the terms and specifications of a construction agreement? Describe each measure and its primary purpose.

> Both a capital projects fund general ledger and the governmental activities general ledger at the government-wide level are affected by transactions related to construction of a new capital asset for a government. Describe the major differences in how ac

> If a capital project is incomplete at the end of a fiscal year, what happens to Encumbrances and all operating statement accounts at year-end?

> What is the accounting difference between using the modified approach for infrastructure assets and depreciating infrastructure assets? Under the modified approach, what happens if infrastructure assets are not maintained at or above the established cond

> What are examples of intangible assets held by governments? How are they recorded?

> Compare and contrast the valuation of general capital assets of a government to the valuation of assets of a for-profit entity. What special issues may arise in valuing a government’s assets that generally do not occur in a for-profit company?

> Locate a comprehensive annual financial report (CAFR) using a city’s Web site. Many cities, particularly those with a population greater than 25,000, publish their CAFRs on the city’s official Web site. At the city’s Web site, access a list of the city’s

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> What are general capital assets? How are they reported in the fund and government-wide financial statements?

> How does a permanent fund differ from public-purpose trusts that are reported in special revenue funds? How does it differ from private-purpose trust funds?

> The computer department of a certain city, a General Fund department, charges other funds for data processing services. At the end of the fiscal year, the General Fund is owed $5,000 by the City Library Fund (a special revenue fund) and $8,000 by the Cit

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> How does accounting in a governmental fund for the purchase of supplies from an outside vendor differ from the purchase of supplies from an internal service fund?

> During a recession citizens and governments see a substantial decline in the value of homes. How might this decline in value impact a government’s gross property tax levy?

> In many cases, property taxes comprise a significant source of revenue and cash receipts for a government. If property tax cash collections typically occur during one or two collection periods, how do governments manage working capital needs?

> When preparing the statement or schedule of revenues, expenditures, and changes in fund balance on the budgetary basis, how are encumbrances outstanding at year end treated if they will be honored in the upcoming year?

> Explain why some transactions for governmental activities at the government wide level are reported differently than transactions for the General Fund. Give some examples of transactions that would be recorded in the general journals of (a) only the Gen

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> Marketers rely heavily on demographics when purchasing media. IMC Perspective 10–1 talks about additional factors that may be important. Discuss some of these factors and why they might impact media usage.

> There is new research that indicates that the number of ads one is exposed to in a day may be much lower than the thousands previously reported. Which numbers do you consider correct and why?

> A number of studies have examined the role that personality and/or other personal characteristics may have on consumers’ media usage. Discuss some of these studies. Do you think that these characteristics may have an impact, or should marketers rely prim

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> Discuss some of the reasons a marketer might choose to create a personality symbol or character to represent the company or brand. Analyze KFC's decision to bring back Colonel Sanders as a personality symbol for the brand. Do you agree with this decisio

1.99

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