Discuss some of the reasons for implementing process migration.
> What are some of the key characteristics of an embedded OS?
> What is an embedded OS?
> What are some typical requirements or constraints on embedded systems?
> What is an embedded system?
> What is the difference between a mode switch and a process switch?
> List and briefly define three blocking methods.
> What are typical access rights that may be granted or denied to a particular user for a particular file?
> What is the relationship between a pathname and a working directory?
> What are typical operations that may be performed on a directory?
> Why is the average search time to find a record in a file less for an indexed sequential file than for a sequential file?
> List and briefly define five file organizations.
> What criteria are important in choosing a file organization?
> What is a file management system?
> What is the difference between a file and a database?
> What is the difference between a field and a record?
> List and briefly define four different clustering methods.
> Briefly define feedback scheduling.
> Briefly define highest-response-ratio-next scheduling.
> Briefly define shortest-remaining-time scheduling.
> What is the typical disk sector size?
> Briefly define the seven RAID levels.
> Briefly define the disk scheduling policies illustrated in Figure 11.7. Figure 11.7: 100 125 150 175 199 Time (a) FIFO 25 50 100 125 150 175 199 Time (h) SSTF 50 75 100 125 150 175 199 Time (c) SCAN 50 100 125 150 175 199 Time (d) C-SCAN Figure 11.7
> What delay elements are involved in a disk read or write?
> Why would you expect improved performance using a double buffer rather than a single buffer for I/O?
> What is the difference between block-oriented devices and stream-oriented devices? Give a few examples of each.
> What is the difference between logical I/O and device I/O?
> List some benefits and disadvantages of synchronous and asynchronous RPCs.
> List and briefly define three techniques for performing I/O.
> What items of information about a task might be useful in real-time scheduling?
> List and briefly define four classes of real-time scheduling algorithms.
> List and briefly define five general areas of requirements for a real-time operating system.
> What is the difference between periodic and aperiodic real-time tasks?
> What is the difference between hard and soft real-time tasks?
> List and briefly define three versions of load sharing.
> List and briefly define four techniques for thread scheduling.
> List and briefly define five different categories of synchronization granularity.
> Briefly define shortest-process-next scheduling.
> List some benefits and disadvantages of nonpersistent and persistent binding for RPCs.
> Briefly define round-robin scheduling.
> Briefly define FCFS scheduling.
> What is the difference between preemptive and nonpreemptive scheduling?
> For process scheduling, does a low-priority value represent a low priority or a high priority?
> What is the difference between turnaround time and response time?
> What is usually the critical performance requirement in an operating system?
> Briefly describe the three types of processor scheduling.
> What is the difference between a resident set and a working set?
> Why is it not possible to combine a global replacement policy and a fixed allocation policy?
> What is accomplished by page buffering?
> List some benefits and disadvantages of blocking and non-blocking primitives for message passing.
> Jose and Gabriela Perez, of Bridgewater, Virginia, hope to sell their large home for $380,000 and retire to a smaller residence valued at $150,000. After hey sell the property, they plan to invest the $200,000 in equity remaining after selling expenses a
> Insurance Victor and Maria’s next-door neighbor, Ray Jackson, was recently sued over an automobile accident and eventually was held liable for $437,000 in damages. Ray’s automobile policy limits were 100/300/50. Because of the shortfall, he had to sell h
> Jackie Facet of Auburn, Alabama, age 60, was planning on retirement and investing well for it because he now has $400,000 in his retirement accounts and would likely to have doubled that by age 67. But, he became permanently disabled after getting into a
> Shanice Johnson, of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, wants to invest $4,000 annually for her retirement 30 years from now. She has a conservative investment philosophy and expects to earn a return of 3 percent in a tax-sheltered account. If she took a more ag
> Janet Brooks, of Amarillo, Texas, plans to invest $3,000 each year in a mutual fund for the next 40 years to accumulate savings for retirement. Her twin sister, Rebecca, plans to invest the same amount for the same length of time in the same mutual fund.
> Brenda and Dan Domico, of Weatherford, Texas, desire an annual retirement income of $40,000. They expect to live for 30 years past retirement. Assuming that the couple could earn a 3 percent after-tax and after-inflation rate of return on their investmen
> Over the years, Ahmed and Aamina El-zayaty, of Berkeley, California, have accumulated $200,000 and $220,000, respectively, in their employer-sponsored retirement plans. If the amounts in their two accounts earn a 6 percent rate of return over Ahmed and A
> Ashley Travis, of Harrisburg, Illinois, is in the 25 percent marginal tax bracket and is considering the tax consequences of investing $2,000 at the end of each year for 30 years in a tax-sheltered retirement account, assuming that the investment earns 8
> Discounted Cash Flow to Estimate Price, and give your opinion on which part of the assumptions (rent increase or sales price) is more subject to poor thinking.
> Marianne Mooney, benefits manager and her sister, Laureen, a middle-school teacher from Pompano Beach, Florida, are interested in the numbers of real estate investments. They have reviewed the figures in Table 16-2 on page 499 and are impressed with inve
> Calculate the price-to-rent ratios for the following properties arranged by price of home followed by likely annual rental income: (a) $400,000/$40,000; (b) $300,000/$36,000; (c) $200,000/30,000.
> Last year David McCullough of La Junta, Colorado, bought the XYZ mutual fund, which has total assets of $240 million, liabilities of $10 million, and 15 million shares outstanding. (a) What is the net asset value? (b) If the current price is $18, is this
> Several years have passed since the Johnsons were married, and their financial affairs have become more complicated. They recently purchased a $200,000 condominium that has added only about $400 per month to their housing expenses. And they have purchase
> Two years ago, Izabella Martinez, from Atlanta, Georgia, invested $1,000 by buying 125 shares ($8 per share NAV) in the Can’t Lose Mutual Fund, an aggressive growth no-load mutual fund. Last year, she made two additional investments of $500 each (50 shar
> A year ago, George Jetson, from Orbit City, Texas, invested $1,000 by buying 100 shares of the Can’t Lose Mutual Fund, an aggressive growth no-load mutual fund. George reinvested his dividends, so he now has 112 shares. So far, the NAV for George’s inves
> Your neighbor, Kitty Kardashian, of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, bought $5,000 worth of mutual funds with a back-end load of 5 percent if she sells within the first year. It decreases 1 percent a year afterward. (a) If Kitty sells during the third year, h
> Michael Margolis is a single parent and motivational training consultant from Palatine, Illinois. He is wondering about potential returns on investments given certain amounts of risk. Michael invested a total of $6,000 in three stocks ($2,000 in each) wi
> A corporate bond maturing in 22 years with a coupon rate of 8.2 percent was purchased for $1,100 and is now selling for $1,190. (a) What is its current yield? (b) Calculate the bond’s YTM using Equation (14.5) or the Garman/ Forgue comp
> For a municipal bond paying 3.4 percent for a taxpayer in the 25 percent tax bracket, what is the equivalent taxable yield? (Hint: See page 140.) Page 140: //
> A stock sells at $15 per share. (a) What is the EPS for the company if it has a P/E ratio of 20? (b) If the company’s dividend yield is 3 percent, what is its dividend per share? (c) What is the book value of the company if the price-to-book ratio is 1.5
> Xiao and Shiao Jing-jian, newlyweds from Laramie, Wyoming, have decided to begin investing for the future. Xiao is a 7-Eleven store manager, and Shiao is a high-school math teacher. The couple intends to take $3,000 out of their savings for investment pu
> A corporate bond maturing in 15 years with a coupon rate of 9.9 percent was purchased for $980 and it now selling for $1,010. (a) What is its current yield? (b) What will be its selling price in two years if comparable market interest rates drop 1.9 perc
> For a municipal bond paying 3.7 percent for a taxpayer in the 33 percent tax bracket, what is the equivalent taxable yield?
> Enlai Li Zhang of Los Angeles, California recently bought a home for $700,000. The previous owner had a $600,000 HO-1 policy on the property, and Enlai can simply pay the premiums to keep the same coverage in effect. Her insurance agent called her and ca
> What is the market price of a $1,000, 8 percent bond if comparable market interest rates rise to 10 percent and the bond matures in 14 years?
> What is the market price of a $1,000, 8 percent bond if comparable market interest rates drop to 6 percent and the bond matures in 15 years?
> Kunal Nayyar from London, had $50,000 in investments in the USA at the beginning of the year that consisted of a diversified portfolio of stocks (40 percent), bonds (40 percent), and cash equivalents (20 percent). His returns over the past 12 months were
> Jordan and Jeremy, who are twins living in Concord, New Hamphire, took different approaches to investing. Jordan saved $2,000 per year for ten years starting at age 23 and never added any more money to the account. Jeremy saved $2,000 per year for 20 yea
> If one year of college currently costs $25,000, how much will it cost Grand Rapids, Michigan’s resident Michelle Spindle to pay for one year of schooling for newborn daughter, Melissa, 18 years from now, assuming a 5 percent annual rate
> Mary Cooper, Sheldon’s mother, who lives in east Texas, wants to help pay for her grandchild’s education. How long will it take Mary to reach her goal of $200,000 if she invests $10,000 per year, earning 6 percent? Use
> Sheldon Cooper and Amy Fowler are married and live in Pasadena, California. They have as a new investment goal to create a college fund for their newborn daughter. They estimate that they will need $200,000 in 18 years. Assuming that the Cooper-Fowler fa
> Alexandra Cunningham of Gardner, Massachusetts, has a $100,000 participating cash-value policy written on her life. The policy has accumulated $4,700 in cash value; Alexandra has borrowed $3,000 of this value. The policy also has accumulated unpaid divid
> Matthew Kennedy of Urbana, Ohio, is single and has been working as an admissions counselor at a university for five years. Matthew owns a home valued at $250,000 on which he owes $135,000. He has a two-year-old vehicle valued at $32,000 on which he owes
> Amy and Mack Holly from Rapid City, South Dakota, have been married for three years. They recently bought a home costing $212,000 using a $190,000 mortgage. They have no other debts. Mack earns $62,000 per year, and Amy earns $71,000. Each has a retireme
> You have been talking at a party to some friends about insurance. One young married couple in the group believes that insurance is almost always a real waste of money. They argue, “The odds of most bad events occurring are so low that you don’t need to w
> Christina Haley of Elko, Nevada, age 57, recently suffered a stroke. She was in intensive care for 3 days and was hospitalized for 10 more days. Her total bill for this care was $125,500. After being discharged from the hospital, she spent 25 days in a n
> Michael Howitt of Berkley, Michigan, recently had his gallbladder removed. His total bill for this surgery, which was his only health care expense for the year, came to $13,890. His health insurance plan has a $500 annual deductible and an 80/20 coinsura
> Social Security Disability Protection. Sandra Hilton of Sisseton, South Dakota, age 60, recently was in a vehicle accident, was hospitalized, and then suffered a heart attack. She took a leave of absence from her longtime job as a data analyst for an env
> Ashley Diamond of Estes Park, Colorado, drives an eight-year-old Toyota valued at $5,600. She has a $75,000 personal automobile policy with $10,000 per-person medical payments coverage and both collision ($200 deductible) and comprehensive coverage. Davi
> Colton Gentry of Lancaster, California, has owned his home for ten years. When he purchased it for $178,000, Colton bought a $160,000 homeowner’s insurance policy. He still owns that policy, even though the replacement cost of the home is now $300,000. (
> Toula and Ian Miller of Gainesville, Florida, recently suffered a fire at their home. The fire, which began in a crawl space at the back of the house, caused $50,000 of damage to the dwelling itself. Their garage, valued at $20,000, was totally destroyed
> Bill Converse of Rexburg, Idaho, recently had his truck slide off a gravel road and strike a tree. Bill’s vehicle suffered $17,500 in damage. The truck has a book value of $40,000. Bill carried collision insurance with a $500 deductible. How much will Bi
> Heather McIntosh of Watertown, South Dakota, recently purchased a home for $190,000. She put $25,000 down and took out a 25-year loan at 5.5 percent interest. a) Use Table 9-4 on page 285 to determine her monthly payment. Table 9-4: (b) How much of he
> Kevin Tutumbo of Terre Haute, Indiana, has owned his home for 15 years and expects to live in it for a least five more. He originally borrowed $135,000 at 6 percent interest for 30 years to buy the home. He still owes $96,000 on the loan. Interest rates
> Alex Guadet of Nashville, Tennessee, has been renting a two-bedroom house for several years. He pays $900 per month in rent for the home and $300 per year in property and liability insurance. The owner of the house wants to sell it, and Alex is consideri
> Michael Joseph and Maggi Lewis of Saluda, Virginia, are trying to decide whether to rent or purchase housing. Michael favors buying and Maggi leans toward renting, and both seem able to justify their particular choice. Michael thinks that the tax advanta
> Seth and Alexandra Moore of Elk Grove Village, Illinois have an annual income of $110,000 and want to buy a home. Currently, mortgage rates are 5 percent. The Moores want to take out a mortgage for 30 years. Real estate taxes are estimated to be $4,800 p
> Dave and Diane Starr of New Orleans, Louisiana, both of whom are in their late 20s, currently are renting an unfurnished two-bedroom apartment for $1,200 per month, plus $230 for utilities and $34 for insurance. They have found a condominium they can buy
> Yvonne Moody of Dallas, Texas, is a 34-year-old police detective earning $58,000 per year. She and her husband, Joshua, who is a public school teacher earning $44,000, have two children in elementary school. They own a modestly furnished home and two lat
> Nicci Denny, age 40, single, and from Colorado Springs, Colorado, is trying to estimate the amount she needs to save annually to meet her retirement needs. Nicci currently earns $65,000 per year. She expects to need 80 percent of her current salary to li
> Harry Johnson’s father, William, was recently forced into early retirement at age 63 because of poor health. In addition to the psychological drawbacks of the unanticipated retirement, William’s financial situation is
