FBN Inc. has just sold 100,000 shares in an initial public offering. The underwriter’s explicit fees were $70,000. The offering price for the shares was $50, but immediately upon issue, the share price jumped to $53. a. What is your best estimate of the total cost to FBN of the equity issue? b. Is the entire cost of the underwriting a source of profit to the underwriters?
> When adding real estate to an asset allocation program that currently includes only stocks, bonds, and cash, which of the properties of real estate returns most affects portfolio risk? Explain. a. Standard deviation. b. Expected return. c. Covariance wit
> The correlation coefficients between several pairs of stocks are as follows: Corr(A, B) = .85; Corr(A, C) = .60; Corr(A, D) = .45. Each stock has an expected return of 8% and a standard deviation of 20%. If your entire portfolio is now composed of stock
> True or false: The standard deviation of the portfolio is always equal to the weighted average of the standard deviations of the assets in the portfolio.
> Suppose that there are many stocks in the security market and that the characteristics of stocks A and B are given as follows: / Suppose that it is possible to borrow at the risk-free rate, rf . What must be the value of the riskfree rate? (Hint: Think
> Stocks offer an expected rate of return of 18% with a standard deviation of 22%. Gold offers an expected return of 10% with a standard deviation of 30%. a. In light of the apparent inferiority of gold with respect to both mean return and volatility, woul
> A pension fund manager is considering three mutual funds. The first is a stock fund, the second is a long-term bond fund, and the third is a money market fund that provides a safe return of 8%. The characteristics of the risky funds are as follows: The c
> Now draw the indifference curve corresponding to a utility level of .05 for an investor with risk aversion coefficient A = 4. Comparing your answer to Problem 6, what do you conclude?
> Draw the indifference curve in the expected return–standard deviation plane corresponding to a utility level of .05 for an investor with a risk aversion coefficient of 3. (Hint: Choose several possible standard deviations, ranging from 0 to .25, and find
> Consider a portfolio that offers an expected rate of return of 12% and a standard deviation of 18%. T-bills offer a risk-free 7% rate of return. What is the maximum level of risk aversion for which the risky portfolio is still preferred to T-bills?
> Consider a risky portfolio. The end-of-year cash flow derived from the portfolio will be either $70,000 or $200,000 with equal probabilities of .5. The alternative risk-free investment in T-bills pays 6% per year. a. If you require a risk premium of 8%,
> When the annualized monthly percentage excess rates of return for a stock market index were regressed against the excess returns for ABC and XYZ stocks over the most recent 5-year period, using an ordinary least squares regression, the following results
> You estimate that a passive portfolio, for example, one invested in a risky portfolio that mimics the S&P 500 stock index, offers an expected rate of return of 13% with a standard deviation of 25%. You manage an active portfolio with expected return 18%
> You estimate that a passive portfolio, for example, one invested in a risky portfolio that mimics the S&P 500 stock index, offers an expected rate of return of 13% with a standard deviation of 25%. You manage an active portfolio with expected return 18%
> Suppose that the borrowing rate that your client faces is 9%. Assume that the equity market index has an expected return of 13% and standard deviation of 25%, that rf = 5%, and that your fund has the parameters given in Problem 21. What is the largest p
> Suppose that the borrowing rate that your client faces is 9%. Assume that the equity market index has an expected return of 13% and standard deviation of 25%, that rf = 5%, and that your fund has the parameters given in Problem 21. What is the range of
> Look at the data in Table 6.7 on the average excess return of the U.S. equity market and the standard deviation of that excess return. Suppose that the U.S. market is your risky portfolio. a. If your risk-aversion coefficient is A = 4 and you believe tha
> Which of the following statements are true? Explain. a. A lower allocation to the risky portfolio reduces the Sharpe (reward-to-volatility) ratio. b. The higher the borrowing rate, the lower the Sharpe ratios of levered portfolios. c. With a fixed risk-f
> You manage a risky portfolio with an expected rate of return of 18% and a standard deviation of 28%. The T-bill rate is 8%. Suppose that your client decides to invest in your portfolio a proportion y of the total investment budget so that the overall por
> You’ve just stumbled on a new dataset that enables you to compute historical rates of return on U.S. stocks all the way back to 1880. What are the advantages and disadvantages in using these data to help estimate the expected rate of return on U.S. stock
> The Fisher equation tells us that the real interest rate approximately equals the nominal rate minus the inflation rate. Suppose the inflation rate increases from 3% to 5%. Does the Fisher equation imply that this increase will result in a fall in the re
> Consider these long-term investment data: The price of a 10-year $100 face value zero-coupon inflation-indexed bond is $84.49. A real-estate property is expected to yield 2% per quarter (nominal) with a SD of the (effective) quarterly rate of 10%. a. Com
> Hennessy & Associates manages a $30 million equity portfolio for the multimanager Wilstead Pension Fund. Jason Jones, financial vice president of Wilstead, noted that Hennessy had rather consistently achieved the best record among Wilstead’s six equity m
> You are faced with the probability distribution of the HPR on the stock market index fund given in Spreadsheet 5.1 of the text. Suppose the price of a put option on a share of the index fund with exercise price of $110 and time to expiration of 1 year is
> Suppose that the inflation rate is expected to be 3% in the near future. Using the historical data provided in this chapter, what would be your predictions for: a. The T-bill rate? b. The expected rate of return on the Big/Value portfolio? c. The risk pr
> Visit Professor Kenneth French’s data library Web site: http://mba.tuck.dartmouth.edu/pages/ faculty/ken.french/data_library.html and download the monthly returns of “6 portfolios formed on size and book-to-market (2 × 3).” Choose the value-weighted seri
> Suppose your expectations regarding the stock price are as follows: Use Equations 5.11 and 5.12 to compute the mean and standard deviation of the HPR on stocks.
> You are considering the choice between investing $50,000 in a conventional 1-year bank CD offering an interest rate of 5% and a 1-year “Inflation-Plus” CD offering 1.5% per year plus the rate of inflation. a. Which is the safer investment? b. Can you tel
> Use Figure 5.1 in the text to analyze the effect of the following on the level of real interest rates: a. Businesses become more pessimistic about future demand for their products and decide to reduce their capital spending. b. Households are induced to
> You have $5,000 to invest for the next year and are considering three alternatives: a. A money market fund with an average maturity of 30 days offering a current yield of 3% per year. b. A 1-year savings deposit at a bank offering an interest rate of 4%.
> Describe the likely effect on the yield to maturity of a bond resulting from: a. An increase in the issuing firm’s times-interest-earned ratio. b. An increase in the issuing firm’s debt-to-equity ratio. c. An increase in the issuing firm’s quick ratio.
> Probabilities for three states of the economy and probabilities for the returns on a particular stock in each state are shown in the table below. What is the probability that the economy will be neutral and the stock will experience poor performance?
> The coupon rate on a tax-exempt bond is 5.6%, and the rate on a taxable bond is 8%. Both bonds sell at par. At what tax bracket (marginal tax rate) would an investor be indifferent between the two bonds?
> If you place a limit order to sell 100 shares of stock at $55 when the current price is $62, how much will you receive for each share if the price drops to $50? a. $50. b. $55. c. $54.87. d. Cannot tell from the information given.
> Which is the most risky transaction to undertake in the stock index option markets if the stock market is expected to increase substantially after the transaction is completed? a. Write a call option. b. Write a put option. c. Buy a call option. d. Buy a
> A municipal bond carries a coupon of 6.75% and is trading at par. What is the equivalent taxable yield to a taxpayer in a combined federal plus state 34% tax bracket?
> A firm’s preferred stock often sells at yields below its bonds because a. Preferred stock generally carries a higher agency rating. b. Owners of preferred stock have a prior claim on the firm’s earnings. c. Owners of preferred stock have a prior claim on
> Find the after-tax return to a corporation that buys a share of preferred stock at $40, sells it at year-end at $40, and receives a $4 year-end dividend. The firm is in the 21% tax bracket.
> Suppose investors can earn a return of 2% per 6 months on a Treasury note with 6 months remaining until maturity. What price would you expect a 6-month-maturity Treasury bill to sell for?
> Hennessy & Associates manages a $30 million equity portfolio for the multimanager Wilstead Pension Fund. Jason Jones, financial vice president of Wilstead, noted that Hennessy had rather consistently achieved the best record among Wilstead’s six equity m
> An open-end fund has a net asset value of $10.70 per share. It is sold with a front-end load of 6%. What is the offering price?
> Greta has risk aversion of A = 3 when applied to return on wealth over a one-year horizon. She is pondering two portfolios, the S&P 500 and a hedge fund, as well as a number of one-year strategies. (All rates are annual and continuously compounded.) The
> Why are high-tax-bracket investors more inclined to invest in municipal bonds than low-bracket investors?
> Greta has risk aversion of A = 3 when applied to return on wealth over a one-year horizon. She is pondering two portfolios, the S&P 500 and a hedge fund, as well as a number of one-year strategies. (All rates are annual and continuously compounded.) The
> Greta has risk aversion of A = 3 when applied to return on wealth over a one-year horizon. She is pondering two portfolios, the S&P 500 and a hedge fund, as well as a number of one-year strategies. (All rates are annual and continuously compounded.) The
> Greta has risk aversion of A = 3 when applied to return on wealth over a one-year horizon. She is pondering two portfolios, the S&P 500 and a hedge fund, as well as a number of one-year strategies. (All rates are annual and continuously compounded.) The
> Greta has risk aversion of A = 3 when applied to return on wealth over a one-year horizon. She is pondering two portfolios, the S&P 500 and a hedge fund, as well as a number of one-year strategies. (All rates are annual and continuously compounded.) The
> Greta has risk aversion of A = 3 when applied to return on wealth over a one-year horizon. She is pondering two portfolios, the S&P 500 and a hedge fund, as well as a number of one-year strategies. (All rates are annual and continuously compounded.) The
> The correlation coefficients between several pairs of stocks are as follows: Corr(A, B) = .85; Corr(A, C) = .60; Corr(A, D) = .45. Each stock has an expected return of 8% and a standard deviation of 20%. Suppose that in addition to investing in one more
> The correlation coefficients between several pairs of stocks are as follows: Corr(A, B) = .85; Corr(A, C) = .60; Corr(A, D) = .45. Each stock has an expected return of 8% and a standard deviation of 20%. Would the answer to Problem 17 change for more ris
> Suppose that you have $1 million and the following two opportunities from which to construct a portfolio: a. Risk-free asset earning 12% per year. b. Risky asset with expected return of 30% per year and standard deviation of 40%. If you construct a port
> Suppose you have a project that has a .7 chance of doubling your investment in a year and a .3 chance of halving your investment in a year. What is the standard deviation of the rate of return on this investment?
> True or false: Assume that expected returns and standard deviations for all securities (including the risk-free rate for borrowing and lending) are known. In this case, all investors will have the same optimal risky portfolio.
> What are the key differences between common stock, preferred stock, and corporate bonds?
> Which of the following factors reflect pure market risk for a given corporation? a. Increased short-term interest rates. b. Fire in the corporate warehouse. c. Increased insurance costs. d. Death of the CEO. e. Increased labor costs.
> What must be true about the sign of the risk aversion coefficient, A, for a risk lover? Draw the indifference curve for a utility level of .05 for a risk lover
> Draw an indifference curve for a risk-neutral investor providing utility level .05.
> What do you think would happen to the equilibrium expected return on stocks if investors perceived higher volatility in the equity market? Relate your answer to Equation 6.7.
> You estimate that a passive portfolio, for example, one invested in a risky portfolio that mimics the S&P 500 stock index, offers an expected rate of return of 13% with a standard deviation of 25%. You manage an active portfolio with expected return 18%
> Suppose that the borrowing rate that your client faces is 9%. Assume that the equity market index has an expected return of 13% and standard deviation of 25%, that rf = 5%, and that your fund has the parameters given in Problem 21. Solve Problems 23 and
> U.S. Treasuries represent a significant holding in many pension portfolios. You decide to analyze the yield curve for U.S. Treasury notes. a. Using the data in the table below, calculate the 5-year spot and forward rates assuming annual compounding. Show
> Short-term municipal bonds currently offer yields of 4%, while comparable taxable bonds pay 5%. Which gives you the higher after-tax yield if your tax bracket is: a. Zero b. 10% c. 20% d. 30%
> Suppose that the borrowing rate that your client faces is 9%. Assume that the equity market index has an expected return of 13% and standard deviation of 25%, that rf = 5%, and that your fund has the parameters given in Problem 21. Draw a diagram of you
> Investment Management Inc. (IMI) uses the capital market line to make asset allocation recommendations. IMI derives the following forecasts: ∙ Expected return on the market portfolio: 12% ∙ Standard deviation on the market portfolio: 20% ∙ Risk-free rate
> Consider the following information about a risky portfolio that you manage and a risk-free asset: E(rP) = 11%, σP = 15%, rf = 5%. a. Your client wants to invest a proportion of her total investment budget in your risky fund to provide an expected rate of
> You manage a risky portfolio with an expected rate of return of 18% and a standard deviation of 28%. The T-bill rate is 8%. Your client’s degree of risk aversion is A = 3.5. a. What proportion, y, of the total investment should be invested in your fund?
> What would you expect to happen to the spread between yields on commercial paper and Treasury bills if the economy were to enter a steep recession?
> You manage a risky portfolio with an expected rate of return of 18% and a standard deviation of 28%. The T-bill rate is 8%. Suppose that your client prefers to invest in your fund a proportion y that maximizes the expected return on the complete portfoli
> You manage a risky portfolio with an expected rate of return of 18% and a standard deviation of 28%. The T-bill rate is 8%. Draw the CAL of your portfolio on an expected return–standard deviation diagram. What is the slope of the CAL? Show the position o
> You manage a risky portfolio with an expected rate of return of 18% and a standard deviation of 28%. The T-bill rate is 8%. What is the reward-to-volatility (Sharpe) ratio (S) of your risky portfolio? Your client’s?
> You manage a risky portfolio with an expected rate of return of 18% and a standard deviation of 28%. The T-bill rate is 8%. Suppose that your risky portfolio includes the following investments in the given proportions: Stock A………………………………….. 25% Stock B
> You manage a risky portfolio with an expected rate of return of 18% and a standard deviation of 28%. The T-bill rate is 8%. Your client chooses to invest 70% of a portfolio in your fund and 30% in an essentially risk-free money market fund. What are the
> The shape of the U.S. Treasury yield curve appears to reflect two expected Federal Reserve reductions in the federal funds rate. The current short-term interest rate is 5%. The first reduction of approximately 50 basis points (bp) is expected six months
> Consider historical data showing that the average annual rate of return on the S&P 500 portfolio over the past 90 years has averaged roughly 8% more than the Treasury bill return and that the S&P 500 standard deviation has been about 20% per year. Assume
> Consider historical data showing that the average annual rate of return on the S&P 500 portfolio over the past 90 years has averaged roughly 8% more than the Treasury bill return and that the S&P 500 standard deviation has been about 20% per year. Assume
> The composition of the Fingroup Fund portfolio is as follows: The fund has not borrowed any funds, but its accrued management fee with the portfolio manager currently totals $30,000. There are 4 million shares outstanding. What is the net asset value of
> If the offering price of an open-end fund is $12.30 per share and the fund is sold with a frontend load of 5%, what is its net asset value?
> Why can closed-end funds sell at prices that differ from net asset value while open-end funds do not?
> Which of the following correctly describes a repurchase agreement? a. The sale of a security with a commitment to repurchase the same security at a specified future date and a designated price. b. The sale of a security with a commitment to repurchase th
> Loaded-Up Fund charges a 12b-1 fee of 1.0% and maintains an expense ratio of .75%. Economy Fund charges a front-end load of 2% but has no 12b-1 fee and an expense ratio of .25%. Assume the rate of return on both funds’ portfolios (before any fees) is 6%
> If New Fund’s expense ratio (see the previous problem) was 1.1% and the management fee was .7%, what were the total fees paid to the fund’s investment managers during the year? What were other administrative expenses?
> The New Fund had average daily assets of $2.2 billion last year. The fund sold $400 million worth of stock and purchased $500 million during the year. What was its turnover ratio?
> Consider a mutual fund with $200 million in assets at the start of the year and 10 million shares outstanding. The fund invests in a portfolio of stocks that provides dividend income at the end of the year of $2 million. The stocks included in the fund’s
> A portfolio manager at Superior Trust Company is structuring a fixed-income portfolio to meet the objectives of a client. The portfolio manager compares coupon U.S. Treasuries with zero coupon stripped U.S. Treasuries and observes a significant yield adv
> The Closed Fund is a closed-end investment company with a portfolio currently worth $200 million. It has liabilities of $3 million and 5 million shares outstanding. a. What is the NAV of the fund? b. If the fund sells for $36 per share, what is its premi
> Reconsider the Fingroup Fund in the previous problem. If during the year the portfolio manager sells all of the holdings of stock D and replaces it with 200,000 shares of stock E at $50 per share and 200,000 shares of stock F at $25 per share, what is th
> Why do call options with exercise prices greater than the price of the underlying stock sell for positive prices?
> Explain the difference between a call option and a long position in a futures contract.
> Explain the difference between a put option and a short position in a futures contract.
> Both a call and a put currently are traded on stock XYZ; both have strike prices of $50 and expirations of 6 months. What will be the profit to an investor who buys the call for $4 in the following scenarios for stock prices in 6 months? What will be the
> Why have average trade sizes declined in recent years?
> What reforms to the financial system might reduce its exposure to systemic risk?
> Look at the futures listings for the corn contract in Table 2.7. Suppose you buy one contract for March 2019 delivery. If the contract closes in March at a level of 4.06, what will your profit be?
> Why do financial assets show up as a component of household wealth, but not of national wealth? Why do financial assets still matter for the material well-being of an economy?
> Sandra Kapple is a fixed-income portfolio manager who works with large institutional clients. Kapple is meeting with Maria VanHusen, consultant to the Star Hospital Pension Plan, to discuss management of the fund’s approximately $100 mi
> Here is some price information on FinCorp stock. Suppose that FinCorp trades in a dealer market. a. Suppose you have submitted an order to your broker to buy at market. At what price will your trade be executed? b. Suppose you have submitted an order to
> Find the equivalent taxable yield of a short-term municipal bond with a yield of 4% for tax brackets of (a) zero, (b) 10%, (c) 20%, and (d) 30%.
> The average rate of return on investments in large stocks has outpaced that on investments in Treasury bills by about 8% since 1926. Why, then, does anyone invest in Treasury bills?
> An investor is in a 30% combined federal plus state tax bracket. If corporate bonds offer 6% yields, what yield must municipals offer for the investor to prefer them to corporate bonds?
> Corporate Fund started the year with a net asset value of $12.50. By year-end, its NAV equaled $12.10. The fund paid year-end distributions of income and capital gains of $1.50. What was the (pretax) rate of return to an investor in the fund?
> You are bullish on Telecom stock. The current market price is $50 per share, and you have $5,000 of your own to invest. You borrow an additional $5,000 from your broker at an interest rate of 8% per year and invest $10,000 in the stock. a. What will be y
