If a rock is thrown upward on the planet Mars with a velocity of 10 m/s, its height in meters seconds later is given by y = 10t – 1.8t2 (a). Find the average velocity over the given time intervals: (i). [1, 2] (ii). [1, 1.5] (iii). [1, 1.1] (iv). [1, 1.01] (v). [1, 1.001] (b). Estimate the instantaneous velocity when t = 1.
> (a). Sodium chlorate crystals are easy to grow in the shape of cubes by allowing a solution of water and sodium chlorate to evaporate slowly. If V is the volume of such a cube with side length x, calculate dV/dx when x = 3 mm and explain its meaning. (b)
> Let f (x) = 2x – tan x, -π/2 < x < π/2. On what interval is f concave downward?
> The graph of a function is shown in the figure. Make a rough sketch of an antiderivative F, given that F (0) = 1.
> The graph of a function f is shown. Which graph is an antiderivative of f and why?
> Shown is the graph of the population function P (t) for yeast cells in a laboratory culture. Use the method of Example 1 to graph the derivative P' (t). What does the graph of P' tell us about the yeast population?
> Find the derivative of the function. y = r/r2 + 1
> Suppose f'(x) = xe-x2. (a). On what interval is f increasing? On what interval is f decreasing? (b). Does f have a maximum value? Minimum value?
> Trace or copy the graph of the given function f. (Assume that the axes have equal scales.) Then use the method of Example 1 to sketch the graph of f' below it.
> Trace or copy the graph of the given function f. (Assume that the axes have equal scales.) Then use the method of Example 1 to sketch the graph of f' below it.
> Trace or copy the graph of the given function f. (Assume that the axes have equal scales.) Then use the method of Example 1 to sketch the graph of f' below it.
> Trace or copy the graph of the given function f. (Assume that the axes have equal scales.) Then use the method of Example 1 to sketch the graph of f' below it.
> (a). A company makes computer chips from square wafers of silicon. It wants to keep the side length of a wafer very close to 15 mm and it wants to know how the area A (x) of a wafer changes when the side length x changes. Find A'(15) and explain its mean
> The graph of the derivative f' of a continuous function f is shown. (a). On what intervals f is increasing? Decreasing? (b). At what values of x does f have a local maximum? Local minimum? (c). On what intervals is f concave upward? Concave downward? (
> Let K (t) be a measure of the knowledge you gain by studying for a test for t hours. Which do you think is larger, K (8) – K (7) or k (3) – K (2)? Is the graph of K concave upward or concave downward? Why?
> A particle is moving along a horizontal straight line. The graph of its position function (the distance to the right of a fixed point as a function of time) is shown. (a). When is the particle moving toward the right and when is it moving toward the le
> The table gives population densities for ring-necked pheasants (in number of pheasants per acre) on Pelee Island, Ontario. (a). Describe how the rate of change of population varies. (b). Estimate the inflection points of the graph. What is the signific
> A graph of a population of yeast cells in a new laboratory culture as a function of time is shown. (a). Describe how the rate of population increase varies. (b). When is this rate highest? (c). On what intervals is the population function concave upwar
> The graphs of a function f and its derivative f' are shown. Which is bigger, f' (-1) or f"(1)?
> Use the given graph of f to estimate the intervals on which the derivative f' is increasing or decreasing.
> The graph of the derivative f' of a function f is shown. (a). On what intervals is f increasing? Decreasing? (b). At what values of x does f have a local maximum? Local minimum? (c). If it is known that f (0) = 0, sketch a possible graph of f.
> The graph of the derivative f' of a function f is shown. (a). On what intervals is f increasing? Decreasing? (b). At what values of x does f have a local maximum? Local minimum? (c). If it is known that f (0) = 0, sketch a possible graph of f.
> (a). Find y' by implicit differentiation. (b). Solve the equation explicitly for and differentiate to get y' in terms of x. (c). Check that your solutions to parts (a) and (b) are consistent by substituting the expression for into your solution for part
> If a ball is thrown vertically upward with a velocity of 80 ft/s, then its height after seconds is s = 80t – 16t2. (a). What is the maximum height reached by the ball? (b). What is the velocity of the ball when it is 96 ft above the ground on its way up?
> The turkey in Example 1 is removed from the oven when its temperature reaches 1850F and is placed on a table in a room where the temperature is 750F. After 10 minutes the temperature of the turkey is and after 20 minutes it is 1600F. Use a linear approxi
> Evaluate the limit and justify each step by indicating the appropriate Limit Law(s). lim (r + 1)'(t + 3)5 1--1
> Let F (x) = x2 – 1/|x – 1|. (a) Find (i). limx→1+ F (x) (ii). limx→1- F (x) (b). Does limx→1 F (x) exist? (c). Sketch the graph of F.
> Find the limit, if it exists. If the limit does not exist, explain why. 2x + 12 lim I-6 |x + 6||
> Prove that limx→0+ √x esinπ/x = 0.
> If 2x < g (x) < x4 – x2 + 2 for all x, evaluate limx→1 g (x).
> If 4x – 9 < f (x) < x2 – 4x + 7 for x > 0, find limx→4 f (x).
> Use the Squeeze Theorem to show that limx→0 √x3 + x2 sin π/x = 0 Illustrate by graphing the functions f, g and h (in the notation of the Squeeze Theorem) on the same screen.
> (a). Estimate the value of limx→0 x/ 1 + 3x – 1 by graphing the function f (x) = x/ (√1 + 3x – 1). (b). Make a table of values of f (x) for x close to 0 and guess the value of the limit. (c). Use the Limit Laws to prove that your guess is correct.
> Evaluate the limit, if it exists. lim x → -4 √x2 + 9 – 5/ x + 4
> Evaluate the limit, if it exists. lim t → 0 (1/t√1 + t – 1/t)
> The point P (1, 0) lies on the curve y = sin (10π/x). (a). If Q is the point (x, sin (10π/x)), find the slope of the secant line PQ (correct to four decimal places) for x = 2, 1.5, 1.4, 1.3, 1.2, 1.1, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, and 0.9. Do the slopes appear to
> Evaluate the limit, if it exists. lim t → 0 (1/t – 1/t2 + t)
> Evaluate the limit, if it exists. lim x → 16 4 - √x / 16x – x2
> Evaluate the limit, if it exists. lim x → -1 x2 + 2x + 1/ x4 - 1
> Explain what it means to say that limx→1- = f (x) = 3 and limx→1+ = f (x) = 7 In this situation is it possible that limx→1 = f (x) = 5 exists? Explain.
> Evaluate the limit, if it exists. lim h → 0 √1 + h - 1/h
> Evaluate the limit, if it exists. lim x → 2 x + 2 / x3 + 8
> Evaluate the limit, if it exists. lim h → 0 (2 + h)3 – 8 / h
> Evaluate the limit, if it exists. lim x → -1 x2 – 4x / x2 – 3x - 4
> Evaluate the limit, if it exists. lim x → -3 t2 - 9 + 1/ 2x2 + 7t + 3
> Evaluate the limit, if it exists. lim x → -1 2x2 + 3x + 1/ x2 - 2x – 3
> (a). What is wrong with the following equation? x2 + x – 6/ x - 2 = x + 3 (b). In view of part (a), explain why the equation lim x →2 x2 + x - 6 x - 2 = lim x→2 (x + 3) is correct.
> Given that limx→2 f (x) = 4 limx→2 g (x) = -2 limx→2 h (x) = 0 find the limits that exist. If the limit does not exist, explain why. (a) lim [f(x) + 5g(x)] (b) lim [g(x)]° (c) lim F(x) 3f(x) (d)
> Use the graph of the function f to state the value of each limit, if it exists. If it does not exist, explain why. (a) lim f(x) (b) lim f(x) (c) lim f(x) 1 f(x): 1 + %3D
> Sketch the graph of the function and use it to determine the values of for which limx→a f (x) exists. (1+х if x << -1 f(x) = {x if –1<x<1 2 — х if x> 1
> For the function whose graph is given, state the value of each quantity, if it exists. If it does not exist, explain why. 4- -2 2 4 す (a) lim g(t) (b) lim g(t) (c) lim g(t) (d) lim g(t) (e) lim g(t) (f) lim g(1) -2+ (g) g(2) (h) lim g(t)
> For the function f whose graph is given, state the value of each quantity, if it exists. If it does not exist, explain why. 4. 2- 4 2. (a) lim f(x) (b) lim f(x) (c) lim f(x) (d) lim f(x) (e) f(3)
> The displacement (in centimeters) of a particle moving back and forth along a straight line is given by the equation of motion s = 2 sin πt + 3 cos πt, where is measured in seconds. (a). Find the average velocity during each time period: (i). [1, 2] (ii
> The table shows the position of a cyclist. (a). Find the average velocity for each time period: (i). [1, 3] (ii). [2, 3] (iii). [3, 5] (iv). [3, 4] (b) Use the graph of as a function of to estimate the instantaneous velocity when t = 3. t (second
> If a ball is thrown into the air with a velocity of 40 ft/s, its height in feet seconds later is given by y = 40t – 16t2. (a). Find the average velocity for the time period beginning when t = 2 and lasting (i). 0.5 second (ii). 0.1 second (iii). 0.05 se
> The point P (0, 5, 0) lies on the curve y = cos πx. (a). If Q is the point (x, cos πx), use your calculator to find the slope of the secant line (correct to six decimal places) for the following values of x: (i). 0 (ii). 0.4 (iii). 0.49 (iv). 0.499 (v
> Find an equation of the tangent line to the curve at the given point. y = √x, (1, 1)
> A cardiac monitor is used to measure the heart rate of a patient after surgery. It compiles the number of heartbeats after t minutes. When the data in the table are graphed, the slope of the tangent line represents the heart rate in beats per minute. T
> If and are positive numbers, prove that the equation a/x3 + 2x2 – 1 + b/x3 + x – 2 = 0 has at least one solution in the interval (-1, 1).
> The figure shows a fixed circle C1 with equation (x -1)2 + y2 = 1 and a shrinking circle C2 with radius r and center the origin. P is the point (0, r), Q is the upper point of intersection of the two circles, and R is the point of intersection of the lin
> Find a formula for a function that has vertical asymptotes x = 1 and x = 3 and horizontal asymptote y = 1.
> Find a formula for a function that satisfies the following conditions: lim f(x) = 0, lim f(x) = -0, f(2) = 0, %3D lim f(x) = 0, lim f(x) = -0 %3D I-3+
> Use the Intermediate Value Theorem to show that there is a root of the given equation in the specified interval. ex = 3 – 2x, (0, 1)
> A Tibetan monk leaves the monastery at 7:00 AM and takes his usual path to the top of the mountain, arriving at 7:00 PM. The following morning, he starts at 7:00 AM at the top and takes the same path back, arriving at the monastery at 7:00 PM. Use the In
> Is there a number that is exactly 1 more than its cube?
> Is there a number a such that limx→2 3x2 +ax + a+ 3/x2 + x - 2 exists? If so, find the value of a and the value of the limit.
> (a) Prove that the equation has at least one real root. (b) Use your graphing device to find the root correct to three decimal places. √x - 5 = 1/x + 3
> For the function whose graph is given, state the value of each quantity, if it exists. If it does not exist, explain why. -4 -2 2 4 6 (a) lim h(x) (b) lim h(x) (c) lim h(x) --3- I--3+ --3 (d) h(-3) (e) lim h(x) (f) lim h(x) (g) lim h(x) (h) h(0) (i
> (a) Prove that the equation has at least one real root. (b) Use your graphing device to find the root correct to three decimal places. 100e-x/100 = 0.01x2
> (a). Prove that the equation has at least one real root. (b). Use your calculator to find an interval of length 0.01 that contains a root. ln x = 3 – 2x
> Use the Intermediate Value Theorem to show that there is a root of the given equation in the specified interval. x4 + x - 3 = 0 (1, 2)
> Let f (x) = [[cos x]], -Ï€ (a). Sketch the graph of (b). Evaluate each limit, if it exists. (c). For what values of a does limx→ a f (x) exist? (i) lim f(x) (ii) lịm f(x) I-(m/2)- (iii) lim f(x) 1-(m/2)+ (iv) lim f(x) 1/
> (a). A tank contains 5000 L of pure water. Brine that contains 30 g of salt per liter of water is pumped into the tank at a rate of 25 L/min. Show that the concentration of salt after t minutes (in grams per liter) is (b). What happens to the concentra
> (a). Show that the absolute value function F (x) = |x| is continuous everywhere. (b). Prove that if f is a continuous function on an interval, then so is |f|. (c). Is the converse of the statement in part (b) also true? In other words, if |f| is continuo
> Show that the function is continuous on (-∞, ∞). [x* sin(1/x) if x # 0 f(x) = if x= 0
> The graph shows the influence of the temperature T on the maximum sustainable swimming speed of Coho salmon. (a). What is the meaning of the derivative S'(T)? What are its units? (b). Estimate the values of S'(15) and S'(25) and interpret them. SA
> Let P and Q be polynomials. Find limx→∞ P (x)/Q (x) if the degree of P is (a) less than the degree of Q and (b) greater than the degree of Q.
> The quantity (in pounds) of a gourmet ground coffee that is sold by a coffee company at a price of p dollars per pound is Q = f (p). (a). What is the meaning of the derivative f' (8)? What are its units? (b). Is f'(8) positive or negative? Explain.
> Use the given graph of f to state the value of each quantity, if it exists. If it does not exist, explain why. 2- 4 2. 4, (a) lim f(x) (b) lim f(x) (c) lim f(x) (d) lim f(x) (e) f(5)
> A function is a ratio of quadratic functions and has a vertical asymptote x = 4 and just one x-intercept, x = 1. It is known that f has a removable discontinuity at x = -1 and limx→1 f (x) = 2. Evaluate (a). f (0) (b). limx→∞ f (x)
> The number of bacteria after t hours in a controlled laboratory experiment is n = f (t). (a). What is the meaning of the derivative f' (5)? What are its units? (b). Suppose there is an unlimited amount of space and nutrients for the bacteria. Which do yo
> The cost of producing x ounces of gold from a new gold mine C = f (x) is dollars. (a). What is the meaning of the derivative f'(x)? What are its units? (b). What does the statement f' (800) = 17 mean? (c). Do you think the values of f' (x) will increase
> (a). Graph the function f (x) = ex + ln |x – 4| for 0 < x < 5. Do you think the graph is an accurate representation of ? (b). How would you get a graph that represents f better?
> (a). Prove that the equation has at least one real root. (b). Use your calculator to find an interval of length 0.01 that contains a root. cos x = x3
> Use the Intermediate Value Theorem to show that there is a root of the given equation in the specified interval. sin x = x2 - x (1, 2)
> The number N of US cellular phone subscribers (in millions) is shown in the table. (Midyear estimates are given.) (a). Find the average rate of cell phone growth (i). from 2002 to 2006 (ii). from 2002 to 2004 (iii). from 2000 to 2002 In each case, incl
> Use the Intermediate Value Theorem to show that there is a root of the given equation in the specified interval. 3√x = 1 – x, (1, 0)
> Find the horizontal and vertical asymptotes of each curve. If you have a graphing device, check your work by graphing the curve and estimating the asymptotes. x — х У- - 6х + 5 x? — 6х + 5
> Suppose f is continuous on [1, 5] and the only solutions of the equation f (x) = 6 are x = 1 and x = 4. If f (2) = 8, explain why f (3) > 6.
> (a). Find the slope of the tangent line to the curve y = x – x3 at the point (1, 0) (i). using Definition 1 (ii). using Equation 2 (b). Find an equation of the tangent line in part (a). (c). Graph the curve and the tangent line in successively smaller v
> If f (x) = x2 + 10 sin x, show that there is a number c such that f (c) = 1000.
> Each limit represents the derivative of some function f at some number a. State such an f and a in each case. 1* + t - 2 lim t - 1
> Which of the following functions f has a removable discontinuity at a? If the discontinuity is removable, find a function g that agrees with f for x ≠a and is continuous at a. x* – 1 (a) f(x) = a = 1 X - 1 x' - x? – 2x (b) f(x) =
> Find the values of and that make continuous everywhere. x? – 4 - 4 if x<2 x - 2 f(x) = ax? – bx + 3 if 2 <x<3 2х — а + b if x> 3
> For what value of the constant is the function continuous f on (-∞, ∞)? Scx? - сх? + 2х if х<2 f(x): x³ - cx if x> 2 — сх
> Use a graph to determine how close to 2 we have to take to ensure that x3 – 3x + 4 is within a distance 0.2 of the number 6. What if we insist that x3 - 3x + 4 be within 0.1 of 6?
> Find the numbers at which the function is discontinuous. At which of these points is continuous from the right, from the left, or neither? Sketch the graph of f. x + 2 f(x) = {e* х+2 if x<0 if 0 <xs1 2 — х if x>1
> (a). Use numerical and graphical evidence to guess the value of the limit limx→1 x3 – 1/√x - 1 (b). How close to 1 does have to be to ensure that the function in part (a) is within a distance 0.5 of its limit?
> Show that f is continuous on (-∞, ∞). x? if x<1 Vx if x> 1 f(x) =
> (a). Evaluate h (x) = (tan x-x)/x3 for x = 1, 0.5, 0.1, 0.05, 0.01, and 0.005. (b). Guess the value of limx→0 tan x – x/x3. (c). Evaluate h (x) for successively smaller values of until you finally reach a value 0 of for h (x). Are you still confident tha
> (a). Find the slope of the tangent line to the parabola y = 4x – x2 at the point (1, 3) (i). using Definition 1 (ii). using Equation 2 (b). Find an equation of the tangent line in part (a). (c). Graph the parabola and the tangent line. As a check on you
