Question: On April 17, 2018, the Loadstone Mining

> York Co. sells one product, which it purchases from various suppliers. York’s trial balance at December 31, 2018, included the following accounts: Sales (33,000 units @ $16) ……â€&brvbar

> The management of the Esquire Oil Company believes that the wholesale price of heating oil that they sell to homeowners will increase again as the result of increased political problems in the Middle East. The company is currently paying $0.80 a gallon.

> Danville Bottlers is a wholesale beverage company. Danville uses the FIFO inventory method to determine the cost of its ending inventory. Ending inventory quantities are determined by a physical count. For the fiscal yearend June 30, 2018, ending invento

> How does IFRS differ from U.S. GAAP with respect to using the equity method?

> Quandary Corporation has a major customer who is alleging a significant product defect. Quandary engineers and attorneys have analyzed the claim and have concluded that there is a 51% chance that the customer would be successful in court and that a succe

> Ross Electronics has one product in its ending inventory. Per unit data consist of the following: cost, $20; replacement cost, $18; selling price, $30; selling costs, $4. The normal profit margin is 30% of selling price. What unit value should Ross use w

> Some inventory errors are said to be self-correcting in that the error has the opposite financial statement effect in the period following the error, thereby correcting the original account balance errors. Required: Despite this self-correcting feature,

> Mayfair Department Stores, Inc., operates over 30 retail stores in the Pacific Northwest. Prior to 2018, the company used the FIFO method to value its inventory. In 2018, Mayfair decided to switch to the dollar value LIFO retail inventory method. One of

> On January 2, 2018, David Corporation purchased a patent for $500,000. The remaining legal life is 12 years, but the company estimated that the patent will be useful only for eight years. In January 2020, the company incurred legal fees of $45,000 in suc

> Fred’s Inc. operates general merchandise retail discount stores and full-service pharmacies in the Southeastern United States. Access the company’s 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 30, 2016. You can find the 10-K by using EDGAR at www.sec.gov. Answ

> Abercrombie & Fitch Co. is a specialty retail company operating over 1,000 stores globally. The following disclosure note was included in recent financial statements: 4. Change in Accounting Principle The Company elected to change its method of accountin

> Generally accepted accounting principles should be applied consistently from period to period. However, changes within a company, as well as changes in the external economic environment, may force a company to change an accounting method. The specific re

> Kelly Corporation shipped goods to a customer f.o.b. destination on December 29, 2018. The goods arrived at the customer’s location in January. In addition, one of Kelly’s major suppliers shipped goods to Kelly f.o.b. shipping point on December 30. The m

> Smith-Kline Company maintains inventory records at selling prices as well as at cost. For 2018, the records indicate the following data: Required: Use the retail method to approximate cost of ending inventory in each of the following ways: 1. Average c

> Grand Department Store, Inc., uses the retail inventory method to estimate ending inventory for its monthly financial statements. The following data pertain to a single department for the month of October 2018: Inventory, October 1, 2018: At cost …………………

> Household Solutions manufactures kitchen storage products. During the year, the company became aware of potential costs due to (1) A recently filed lawsuit for patent infringement for which the probability of loss is remote and damages can be reasonably

> Sometimes an investor’s level of influence changes, making it necessary to change from the equity method to another method. How should the investor account for this change in accounting method?

> Alquist Company uses the retail method to estimate its ending inventory. Selected information about its year 2018 operations is as follows: a. January 1, 2018, beginning inventory had a cost of $100,000 and a retail value of $150,000. b. Purchases during

> Sparrow Company uses the retail inventory method to estimate ending inventory and cost of goods sold. Data for 2018 are as follows: The company records sales net of employee discounts. Discounts for 2018 totaled $4,000. Required: Estimate Sparrow&acir

> SLR Corporation has 1,000 units of each of its two products in its year-end inventory. Per unit data for each of the products are as follows: Determine the carrying value of SLR’s inventory assuming that the lower of cost or net reali

> Smith Distributors, Inc., supplies ice cream shops with various toppings for making sundaes. On November 17, 2018, a fire resulted in the loss of all of the toppings stored in one section of the warehouse. The company must provide its insurance company w

> Jackpot Mining Company operates a copper mine in central Montana. The company paid $1,000,000 in 2018 for the mining site and spent an additional $600,000 to prepare the mine for extraction of the copper. After the copper is extracted in approximately fo

> Home Stop sells two product categories, furniture and accessories. Information pertaining to its 2018 year-end inventory is as follows: Required: 1. Determine the carrying value of inventory at year-end, assuming the lower of cost or market (LCM) rule

> Forester Company has five products in its inventory. Information about the December 31, 2018, inventory follows. The cost to sell for each product consists of a 15 percent sales commission. The normal profit percentage for each product is 40 percent of

> Almaden Hardware Store sells two product categories, tools and paint products. Information pertaining to its 2018 year-end inventory is as follows: Required: 1. Determine the carrying value of inventory at year-end, assuming the lower of cost or net re

> Refer to the situation described in BE 9–7. Estimate ending inventory and cost of goods sold using the conventional method. In BE 9–7 Kiddie World uses a periodic inventory system and the retail inventory method to es

> The Phoenix Corporation’s fiscal year ends on December 31. Phoenix determines inventory quantity by a physical count of inventory on hand at the close of business on December 31. The company’s controller has asked for your help in deciding if the followi

> Refer to the situation described in BE 9–7. Estimate ending inventory and cost of goods sold (LIFO). In BE 9–7 Kiddie World uses a periodic inventory system and the retail inventory method to estimate ending inventory

> Describe the ratios used by financial analysts to monitor a company’s investment in inventories.

> Kiddie World uses a periodic inventory system and the retail inventory method to estimate ending inventory and cost of goods sold. The following data are available for the quarter ending September 30, 2018: Estimate ending inventory and cost of goods s

> Adams Corporation estimates that it lost $75,000 in inventory from a recent flood. The following information is available from the records of the company’s periodic inventory system: beginning inventory, $150,000; purchases and net sales from the beginni

> Explain the LIFO retail inventory method.

> Decker Company has five products in its inventory. Information about the December 31, 2018, inventory follows. The cost to sell for each product consists of a 15 percent sales commission. Required: 1. Determine the carrying value of inventory at Decem

> Explain how to estimate the average cost of inventory when using the retail inventory method.

> At the beginning of 2018, Terra Lumber Company purchased a timber tract from Boise Cantor for $3,200,000. After the timber is cleared, the land will have a residual value of $600,000. Roads to enable logging operations were constructed and completed on M

> Explain the steps required to correct an error in accounting for property, plant, and equipment and intangible assets that is discovered in a year subsequent to the year the error was made.

> Define each of the following retail terms: initial markup, additional markup, markup cancellation, markdown, markdown cancellation.

> What is a consignment arrangement? Explain the accounting treatment of goods held on consignment.

> Both the gross profit method and the retail inventory method provide a way to estimate ending inventory. What is the main difference between the two estimation techniques?

> The Rider Company uses the gross profit method to estimate ending inventory and cost of goods sold. The cost percentage is determined based on historical data. What factors could cause the estimate of ending inventory to be overstated?

> The fair value of depreciable assets of Penner Packaging Company exceeds their book value by $12 million. The assets’ average remaining useful life is 10 years. They are being depreciated by the straight-line method. Finest Foods Industries buys 40% of P

> Explain the gross profit method of estimating ending inventory.

> AAA Hardware uses the LIFO method to value its inventory. Inventory at the beginning of the year consisted of 10,000 units of the company’s one product. These units cost $15 each. During the year, 60,000 units were purchased at a cost of $18 each and 64,

> Describe the alternative approaches for recording inventory write-downs.

> Explain the (a) lower of cost or net realizable value (LCNRV) approach and the (b) lower of cost or market (LCM) approach to valuing inventory.

> Explain how purchase commitments are recorded for the lower of contract price or market price.

> Define purchase commitments. What is the advantage(s) of these agreements to buyers?

> In November 2018, the Brunswick Company signed two purchase commitments. The first commitment requires Brunswick to purchase 10,000 units of inventory at $10 per unit by December 15, 2018. The second commitment requires the company to purchase 20,000 uni

> Bell International can estimate the amount of loss that will occur if a foreign government expropriates some company property. Expropriation is considered reasonably possible. How should Bell report the loss contingency?

> Identify any differences between U.S. GAAP and IFRS when applying the lower of cost or net realizable value rule to inventory valuation.

> Explain the accounting treatment of material inventory errors discovered in an accounting period subsequent to the period in which the error is made.

> In the application of the equity method, how should dividends from the investee be accounted for? Why?

> When a company changes its inventory method to LIFO, an exception is made for the way accounting changes usually are reported. Explain the difference in the accounting treatment of a change to the LIFO inventory method from other inventory method changes

> Explain the difference between the retail inventory method using LIFO and the dollar-value LIFO retail method.

> Discuss the treatment of freight-in, net markups, normal spoilage, and employee discounts in the application of the retail inventory method.

> Air France–KLM (AF), a Franco-Dutch company, prepares its financial statements according to International Financial Reporting Standards. AF’s financial statements and disclosure notes for the year ended December 31, 2015, are available in Connect. This m

> Identify four methods of assigning cost to ending inventory and cost of goods sold and briefly explain the difference in the methods.

> Target Corporation prepares its financial statements according to U.S. GAAP. Target’s financial statements and disclosure notes for the year ended January 30, 2016, are available in Connect. This material is also available under the Investor Relations li

> Refer to the situation described in BE 11–16. Assume that SCC’s fair value of $40 million approximates fair value less costs to sell and that the present value of SCC’s estimated future cash flows is $41 million. If WebHelper prepares its financial state

> Happlia Co. imports household appliances. Each model has many variations and each unit has an identification number. Happlia pays all costs for getting the goods from the port to its central warehouse in Des Moines. After repackaging, the goods are consi

> Determining the physical quantity that should be included in inventory normally is a simple matter because that amount consists of items in the possession of the company. The cost of inventory includes all necessary expenditures to acquire the inventory

> On July 15, 2018, Cottonwood Industries sold a patent and equipment to Roquemore Corporation for $750,000 and $325,000, respectively. The book value of the patent and equipment on the date of sale were $120,000 and $400,000 (cost of $550,000 less accumul

> The Austin Company uses the dollar-value LIFO inventory method with internally developed price indexes. Assume that ending inventory at year-end cost has been determined. Outline the remaining steps used in the dollar-value LIFO computations.

> The equity method has been referred to as a one-line consolidation. What might prompt this description?

> Merry-Go-Round Enterprises, the clothing retailer for dedicated followers of young men’s and women’s fashion, was looking natty as a company. It was March 1993, and the Joppa, Maryland-based outfit had just announced t

> You were recently hired to work in the controller’s office of the Balboa Lumber Company. Your boss, Alfred Eagleton, took you to lunch during your first week and asked a favor. “Things have been a little slow lately, and we need to borrow a little cash t

> Maxi Corporation uses the unit LIFO inventory method. The costs of the company’s products have been steadily rising since the company began operations in 2008 and cost increases are expected to continue. The chief financial officer of the company would l

> Income statement and balance sheet information abstracted from a recent annual report of Wolverine World Wide, Inc. appears below: The significant accounting policies note disclosure contained the following: Inventories The Company used the LIFO method

> In 2017 the Moncrief Company purchased from Jim Lester the right to be the sole distributor in the western states of a product called Zelenex. In payment, Moncrief agreed to pay Lester 20% of the gross profit recognized from the sale of Zelenex in 2018.

> Air France–KLM (AF), a Franco-Dutch company, prepares its financial statements according to International Financial Reporting Standards. AF’s financial statements and disclosure notes for the year ended December 31, 2015, are available in Connect. This m

> At the end of 2018, the Biggie Company performed its annual physical inventory count. John Lawrence, the manager in charge of the physical count, was told that an additional $22,000 in inventory that had been sold and was in transit to the customer shoul

> An accounting intern for a local CPA firm was reviewing the financial statements of a client in the electronics industry. The intern noticed that the client used the FIFO method of determining ending inventory and cost of goods sold. When she asked a col

> The Esquire Company employs a periodic inventory system. Indicate the effect (increase or decrease) of the following items on cost of goods sold: 1. Beginning inventory 2. Purchases 3. Ending inventory 4. Purchase returns 5. Freight-in

> You have just been hired as a consultant to Tangier Industries, a newly formed company. The company president, John Meeks, is seeking your advice as to the appropriate inventory method Tangier should use to value its inventory and cost of goods sold. Mr.

> Funseth Farms Inc. purchased a tractor in 2015 at a cost of $30,000. The tractor was sold for $3,000 in 2018. Depreciation recorded through the disposal date totaled $26,000. Prepare the journal entry to record the sale. Now assume the tractor was sold f

> Under what circumstances is the equity method used to account for an investment in stock?

> The inventory of Royal Decking consisted of five products. Information about the December 31, 2018, inventory is as follows: Costs to sell consist of a sales commission equal to 10% of selling price and shipping costs equal to 5% of cost. Required: Wh

> Cansela Corporation uses a periodic inventory system and the LIFO method to value its inventory. The company began 2018 with inventory of 4,500 units of its only product. The beginning inventory balance of $64,000 consisted of the following layers: 2,000

> Capwell Corporation uses a periodic inventory system. The company’s ending inventory on December 31, 2018, its fiscal-year end, based on a physical count, was determined to be $326,000. Capwell’s unadjusted trial balance also showed the following account

> Taylor Corporation has used a periodic inventory system and the LIFO cost method since its inception in 2011. The company began 2018 with the following inventory layers (listed in chronological order of acquisition): 10,000 units @ $15 …………………….. $150,00

> Whaley Distributors is a wholesale distributor of electronic components. Financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2018, reported the following amounts and subtotals ($ in millions): In 2019 the following situations occurred or came to light

> Caterpillar, Inc., is one of the world’s largest manufacturers of construction, mining, and forestry machinery. The following disclosure note is included in the company’s 2015 financial statements: D. Inventories ($ in millions) Inventories are stated at

> Carlson Auto Dealers Inc. sells a handmade automobile as its only product. Each automobile is identical; however, they can be distinguished by their unique ID number. At the beginning of 2018, Carlson had three cars in inventory, as follows: Car ID _____

> Topanga Group began operations early in 2018. Inventory purchase information for the quarter ended March 31, 2018, for Topanga’s only product is provided below. The unit costs include the cost of freight. The company uses a periodic inv

> Ferris Company began 2018 with 6,000 units of its principal product. The cost of each unit is $8. Merchandise transactions for the month of January 2018 are as follows: Sales Date of Sale ______________Units Jan. 5 …â€&br

> Johnson Corporation began 2018 with inventory of 10,000 units of its only product. The units cost $8 each. The company uses a periodic inventory system and the LIFO cost method. The following transactions occurred during 2018: a. Purchased 50,000 additio

> Reagan Corporation is a wholesale distributor of truck replacement parts. Initial amounts taken from Reagan’s records are as follows: Inventory at December 31 (based on a physical count of goods in Reagan’s warehouse o

> The following inventory transactions took place near December 31, 2018, the end of the Rasul Company’s fiscal year-end: 1. On December 27, 2018, merchandise costing $2,000 was shipped to the Myers Company on consignment. The shipment arrived at Myers’s

> Do U.S. GAAP and IFRS differ in the amount of flexibility that companies have in electing the fair value option? Explain.

> Altira Corporation uses a perpetual inventory system. The following transactions affected its merchandise inventory during the month of August 2018: Aug. 1 Inventory on hand—2,000 units; cost $6.10 each. 8 Purchased 10,000 units for $5.50 each. 14 Sold 8

> Samuelson and Messenger (SAM) began 2018 with 200 units of its one product. These units were purchased near the end of 2017 for $25 each. During the month of January, 100 units were purchased on January 8 for $28 each and another 200 units were purchased

> Almaden Valley Variety Store uses the retail inventory method to estimate ending inventory and cost of goods sold. Data for 2018 are as follows: Required: Estimate the ending inventory and cost of goods sold for 2018, applying the conventional retail m

> James Company began the month of October with inventory of $15,000. The following inventory transactions occurred during the month: a. The company purchased merchandise on account for $22,000 on October 12, 2018. Terms of the purchase were 2/10, n/30. Ja

> The December 31, 2018, inventory of Tog Company, based on a physical count, was determined to be $450,000. Included in that count was a shipment of goods received from a supplier at the end of the month that cost $50,000. The purchase was recorded and pa

> At the beginning of 2018, Quentin and Kopps (Q&K) adopted the dollar-value LIFO (DVL) inventory method. On that date the value of its one inventory pool was $84,000. The company uses an internally generated cost index to convert ending inventory to b

> On January 1, 2018, Avondale Lumber adopted the dollar-value LIFO inventory method. The inventory value for its one inventory pool on this date was $260,000. An internally generated cost index is used to convert ending inventory to base year. Year-end in

> Kingston Company uses the dollar-value LIFO method of computing inventory. An external price index is used to convert ending inventory to base year. The company began operations on January 1, 2018, with an inventory of $150,000. Year-end inventories at y

> Air France-KLM (AF), a Franco-Dutch company, prepares its financial statements according to International Financial Reporting Standards. AF’s financial statements and disclosure notes for the year ended December 31, 2015, are available in Connect. This m

> Target Corporation prepares its financial statements according to U.S. GAAP. Target’s financial statements and disclosure notes for the year ended January 30, 2016, are available Connect. This material also is available under the Investor Relations link

> SFAC No. 6, “Elements of Financial Statements,” states that “an entity’s assets, liabilities, and equity (net assets) all pertain to the same set of probable future economic benefits.” Explain this statement.