Question: Sample office rental rates (in dollars per

> Write a statement that represents the complement of the probability. The probability of randomly choosing a smoker whose mother also smoked (Assume that you are choosing from the population of all smokers.)

> Write a statement that represents the complement of the probability. The probability of randomly choosing a tea drinker who has a college degree (Assume that you are choosing from the population of all tea drinkers.)

> An individual stock is selected at random from the portfolio represented by the box-and-whisker plot shown. Find the probability that the stock price is a. less than $21, b. between $21 and $50, and c. $30 or more. 12 21 30 50 94 + 10 20 30 40 50

> A stem-and-leaf plot for the numbers of touchdowns allowed by all 128 NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision teams in the 2016–2017 season is shown. Find the probability that a team chosen at random allowed a. at least 5

> Use the pie chart at the left, which shows the number of workers (in thousands) by industry for the United States. Find the probability that a worker chosen at random is not employed in the agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting industry. Worke

> Use the pie chart at the left, which shows the number of workers (in thousands) by industry for the United States. Find the probability that a worker chosen at random is employed in the manufacturing industry. Workers (in thousands) by Industry for

> Use the pie chart at the left, which shows the number of workers (in thousands) by industry for the United States. Find the probability that a worker chosen at random is not employed in the services industry. Workers (in thousands) by Industry for t

> Use the pie chart at the left, which shows the number of workers (in thousands) by industry for the United States. Find the probability that a worker chosen at random is employed in the services industry. Workers (in thousands) by Industry for the U

> Organize the data using the indicated type of graph. Describe any patterns. Use a time series chart to display the data shown in the table. The data represent the numbers of bachelor’s degrees in engineering (in thousands) conferred in

> There are six basic types of coloring in registered collies: sable (SSmm), tricolor (ssmm), trifactored sable (Ssmm), blue merle (ssMm), sable merle (SSMm), and trifactored sable merle (SsMm). The Punnett square below shows the possible coloring of the o

> A Punnett square is a diagram that shows all possible gene combinations in a cross of parents whose genes are known. When two pink snapdragon flowers (RW) are crossed, there are four equally likely possible outcomes for the genetic makeup of the offsprin

> Can any of the events in Exercises 75–78 be considered unusual? Explain.

> Based on previous counts, the probability of a salmon successfully passing through a dam on the Columbia River is 0.85. Is this statement an example of classical probability, empirical probability, or subjective probability?

> Find the probability that the next user surveyed is 36 to 49 years old. Ages Frequency, / 18 to 22 156 23 to 35 312 36 to 49 254 50 to 64 195 65 and over 58 Ef = 975

> In Example 6, determine the probability that the next adult surveyed read only digital books during the last year.

> Find the probability that a randomly selected draft pick is not a linebacker or a quarterback.

> 1. Find the probability that a donor selected at random has type B or type AB blood. 2. Find the probability that a donor selected at random does not have type O or type A blood. 3. Find the probability that a donor selected at random has type O blood

> Find the probability that the sales representative will sell between $0 and $49,999.

> 1. A die is rolled. Find the probability of rolling a 6 or an odd number. 2. A card is selected from a standard deck of 52 playing cards. Find the probability that the card is a face card or a heart.

> Organize the data using the indicated type of graph. Describe any patterns. Use a scatter plot to display the data shown in the table at the left. The data represent the numbers of students per teacher and the average teacher salaries (in thousands of do

> Use the frequency histogram to a. determine the number of classes. b. estimate the greatest and least frequencies. c. determine the class width. d. describe any patterns with the data. Roller Coaster Heights 40 35 30- 25 20 15 10 Height (in feet)

> Determine whether the events are mutually exclusive. Explain your reasoning. 1. Event A: Randomly select a jack from a standard deck of 52 playing cards. Event B: Randomly select a face card from a standard deck of 52 playing cards. 2. Event A: Random

> In a jury selection pool, 65% of the people are female. Of these 65%, one out of four works in a health field. 1. Find the probability that a randomly selected person from the jury pool is female and works in a health field. Is this event unusual? 2. F

> The probability that a particular rotator cuff surgery is successful is 0.9. 1. Find the probability that three rotator cuff surgeries are successful. 2. Find the probability that none of the three rotator cuff surgeries are successful. 3. Find the pr

> 1. The probability that a salmon swims successfully through a dam is 0.85. Find the probability that two salmon swim successfully through the dam. 2. Two cards are selected from a standard deck of 52 playing cards without replacement. Find the probabili

> Determine whether the events are independent or dependent. 1. Smoking a pack of cigarettes per day (A) and developing emphysema, a chronic lung disease (B) 2. Tossing a coin and getting a head (A), and then tossing the coin again and getting a tail (B)

> Refer to the survey in the second part of Example 1. Find the probability that a user is female, given that the user was not offended by something on social media. From Example 1: The table at the left shows the results of a survey in which 2276 social

> You select a card from a standard deck of playing cards. Find the probability of each event. 1. Event D: Selecting the nine of clubs 2. Event E: Selecting a heart 3. Event F: Selecting a diamond, heart, club, or spade

> How many license plates can you make when a license plate consists of 1. six (out of 26) alphabetical letters, each of which can be repeated? 2. six (out of 26) alphabetical letters, each of which cannot be repeated? 3. six (out of 26) alphabetical le

> You add another manufacturer, Toyota, and another color, tan, to the choices in Example 3. How many different ways can you select one manufacturer, one car size, and one color? Use a tree diagram to check your result.

> You ask for a student’s age at his or her last birthday. Determine the number of outcomes in each event. Then decide whether each event is simple or not. Explain your reasoning. 1. Event C: The student’s age is between 18 and 23, inclusive. 2. Event D:

> In terms of displaying data, how is a stem-and-leaf plot similar to a dot plot?

> For each probability experiment, determine the number of outcomes and identify the sample space. 1. A probability experiment consists of recording a response to the survey statement at the left and the gender of the respondent. 2. A probability experim

> In the frequency distribution in Example 9, 599.5 was chosen as the midpoint for the class of $500 or more. How does the sample mean and standard deviation change when the midpoint of this class is 650?

> Use the information in Example 8 to compare the z-scores for a 5-foot-tall man and a 5-foot-tall woman.

> The monthly utility bills in a city have a mean of $70 and a standard deviation of $8. Find the z-scores that correspond to utility bills of $60, $71, and $92. Assume the distribution of the utility bills is approximately bell-shaped.

> For the data set in Try It Yourself 2, find the percentile that corresponds to $26,000, which is the data entry 26.

> The points scored by the 51 winning teams in the Super Bowl (see page 39) are represented in the ogive at the left. What score represents the 10th percentile? How should you interpret this?

> Draw a box-and-whisker plot that represents the points scored by the 51 winning teams listed on page 39. What do you observe?

> Find the interquartile range for the points scored by the 51 winning teams listed on page 39. Are there any outliers?

> The tuition costs (in thousands of dollars) for 25 universities are listed. Use technology to find the first, second, and third quartiles. What do you observe? 44 30 38 23 20 29 19 44 29 17 45 39 29 18 43 45 39 24 44 26 34 20 35 30 36

> The Pennsylvania Game Commission conducted a study to count the number of elk in Pennsylvania. The commission captured and released 636 elk, which included 350 adult cows, 125 calves, 110 branched bulls, and 51 spikes. Is this study an observational stud

> Organize the data using the indicated type of graph. Describe any patterns. Use a scatter plot to display the data shown in the table at the left. The data represent the numbers of hours worked and the hourly wages (in dollars) of 12 production workers.

> Find the coefficient of variation for the office rental rates in Los Angeles (see Example 4) and for those in Dallas (see Try It Yourself 4). Then compare the results.

> Find the first, second, and third quartiles for the points scored by the 51 winning teams using the data set listed on page 39. What do you observe? Class Frequency,S 14-19 5 20-25 12 26-31 13 32-37 11 38-43 5 44-49 3 50-55 2

> Change three of the 6’s in the data set to 4’s. How does this change affect the sample mean and sample standard deviation?

> Apply Chebychev’s Theorem to the data for Iowa using k = 2. What can you conclude? Is an age of 80 unusual for an Iowa resident? Explain.

> Estimate the percent of women ages 20 –29 whose heights are between 64.2 inches and 67.1 inches. Heights of Women in the U.S. Ages 20-29 34.13% 13.59% 555 84 613 642 621 20.0 729 1-2 I+2 Height (in inches)

> Write a data set that has 10 entries, a mean of 10, and a population standard deviation that is approximately 3. (There are many correct answers.)

> Refer to the study in Example 3. The recovery times (in days) for Group 2 are listed below. Find the sample variance and standard deviation of the recovery times. 43 57 18 45 47 33 49 24

> Find the population variance and standard deviation of the starting salaries for Corporation B in Example 1.

> Find the range of the starting salaries for Corporation B. Compare the result to the one in Example 1.

> Organize the data using the indicated type of graph. Describe any patterns. The average owning and operating costs for four types of vehicles in the United States in 2016 include small sedans ($6579), medium sedans ($8604), SUVs ($10,255), and minivans (

> For each data set, determine whether the data are at the interval level or at the ratio level. Explain your reasoning. 1. The body temperatures (in degrees Fahrenheit) of an athlete during an exercise session 2. The heart rates (in beats per minute) of

> Use a frequency distribution to estimate the mean of the points scored by the 51 winning teams listed on page 39. Using the population mean formula from page 67 with the original data set, the mean is about 30.2 points. Compare this with the estimated me

> In Example 7, your grade in the two-credit course is changed to a B. What is your new weighted mean?

> Remove the data entry 65 from the data set in Example 6. Then rework the example. How does the absence of this outlier change each of the measures?

> In a survey, 1534 adults were asked, “How much do you, personally, care about the issue of global climate change?” Of those surveyed, 550 said “a great deal,” 578 said “some,” 274 said “not too much,” 119 said “not at all,” and 13 did not provide an answ

> Find the mode of the points scored by the 51 winning teams listed on page 39. Class Frequency,S 14-19 5 20-25 12 26-31 13 32-37 11 38-43 5 44-49 3 50-55 2

> The points scored by the winning teams in the Super Bowls for the National Football League’s 2001 through 2016 seasons are listed. Find the median. 20 48 32 24 21 29 17 27 31 31 21 34 43 28 24 34

> Find the median of the points scored by the 51 winning teams listed on page 39. Class Frequency,S 14-19 5 20-25 12 26-31 13 32-37 11 38-43 5 44-49 3 50-55 2

> In a survey of 1501 ninth to twelfth graders in the United States, 1215 said “leaders today are more concerned with their own agenda than with achieving the overall goals of the organization they serve.” Identify the population and the sample. Describe t

> Find the mean of the points scored by the 51 winning teams listed on page 39. Class Frequency,S 14-19 5 20-25 12 26-31 13 32-37 11 38-43 5 44-49 3 50-55 2

> Organize the data using the indicated type of graph. Describe any patterns. The medal counts for five countries at the 2016 Summer Olympics include Germany (42 medals), Great Britain (67 medals), the United States (121 medals), Russia (56 medals), and Ch

> For each data set, determine whether the data are at the nominal level or at the ordinal level. Explain your reasoning. 1. The final standings for the Pacific Division of the National Basketball Association 2. A collection of phone numbers

> Use the table in Example 7 to construct a time series chart for the number of burglaries for the years 2005 through 2015. Describe any trends. From Example 7: Motor vehicle thefts (in millions) Burglaries (in millions) Year 2005 1.24 2.16 2006 1.20

> The lengths of employment and the salaries of 10 employees are listed in the table below. Graph the data using a scatter plot. Describe any trends. You will learn more about scatter plots and how to analyze them in Chapter 9. Length of e

> Every year, the Better Business Bureau (BBB) receives complaints from customers. Here are some complaints the BBB received in a recent year. 16,281 complaints about auto dealers (used cars) 8384 complaints about insurance companies 3634 complaints abo

> The numbers of earned degrees conferred (in thousands) in 1990 are shown in the table. Use a pie chart to organize the data. Compare the 1990 data with the 2014 data. You can use technology to construct a pie chart. For instance, an Excel pie chart for

> Use a dot plot to organize the points scored by the 51 winning teams listed on page 39. Describe any patterns. Class Frequency,S 14-19 5 20-25 12 26-31 13 32-37 11 38-43 5 44-49 3 50-55 2

> Using two rows for each stem, revise the stem-and-leaf plot you constructed in Try It Yourself 1. Describe any patterns. From Try It Yourself 1: 14 6 6 6 7 2 00 0 1 1 1 3 3 4 4 4 4 6 77777 8 9 3 0 1 1 1 1 22 3 4 4 4 4 5 55 7 8 8 9 Key: 1|4 = 14 4 2

> Use a stem-and-leaf plot to organize the points scored by the 51 winning teams listed on page 39. Describe any patterns. Class Frequency,S 14-19 5 20-25 12 26-31 13 32-37 11 38-43 5 44-49 3 50-55 2

> Use technology and the frequency distribution from Try It Yourself 2 to construct a frequency histogram that represents the points scored by the 51 winning teams listed on page 39. From Try It Yourself 2: Class 14-20 Frequency, f 21-27 2

> Use the frequency distribution from Try It Yourself 2 to construct an ogive that represents the points scored by the 51 winning teams listed on page 39. From Try It Yourself 2: Class 14-20 Frequency, f 21-27 28-34 35-41 42-48 49-55 15 14 7 4 3

> Organize the data using the indicated type of graph. Describe any patterns. Use a pie chart to display the data, which represent the number of men’s New York City Marathon winners from each country through 2016. United States 15 Tan

> Use the frequency distribution in Try It Yourself 2 to construct a relative frequency histogram that represents the points scored by the 51 winning teams listed on page 39. From Try It Yourself 2: Class 14-20 Frequency, f 21-27 28-34 35-41 42-48 49-

> Use the frequency distribution from Try It Yourself 2 to construct a frequency polygon that represents the points scored by the 51 winning teams listed on page 39. Describe any patterns. From Try It Yourself 2: Class 14-20 Frequency, f 2

> Use the frequency distribution from Try It Yourself 2 to construct a frequency histogram that represents the points scored by the 51 winning teams listed on page 39. Describe any patterns. From Try It Yourself 2: Class 14-20 Frequency, f 21-27 28-34

> Using the frequency distribution constructed in Try It Yourself 1, find the midpoint, relative frequency, and cumulative frequency of each class. Describe any patterns. From Try It Yourself 1: Class 14-20 Frequency, f 21-27 28-34 35-41 42-48 49-55 1

> Construct a frequency distribution using the points scored by the 51 winning teams listed on page 39. Use six classes. Class Frequency,S 14-19 5 20-25 12 26-31 13 32-37 11 38-43 5 44-49 3 50-55 2

> The populations of several U.S. cities are shown in the table. Which data are qualitative data and which are quantitative data? Explain your reasoning. City Population Baltimore, MD 621,849 Chicago, IL 2,720,546 Glendale, AZ 240,126 Miami, FL 441,00

> A study of 1000 U.S. adults found that when they have a question about their medication, three out of four adults will consult with their physician or pharmacist and only 8% visit a medication-specific website. a. Identify the population and the sample.

> Determine whether each number describes a population parameter or a sample statistic. Explain your reasoning. a. Last year, a small company spent a total of $5,150,694 on employees’ salaries. b. In the United States, a survey of a few thousand adults wi

> You want to determine the opinions of students regarding stem cell research. Identify the sampling technique you are using when you select these samples. 1. You select a class at random and question each student in the class. 2. You assign each student

> A company employs 79 people. Choose a simple random sample of five to survey.

> Organize the data using the indicated type of graph. Describe any patterns. Use a pie chart to display the data, which represent the numbers of student loan borrowers (in millions) by balance owed in the fourth quarter of 2015. $1 to $10,000 16.7 $10

> The company in Example 2 identifies 240 adults who are heavy smokers. The subjects are randomly assigned to be in a gum treatment group or in a control group. Each subject is also given a DVD featuring the dangers of smoking. After four months, most of t

> Your college identification number consists of nine digits. The first two digits of the number will be the last two digits of the year you are scheduled to graduate. The other digits can be any number from 0 through 9, and each digit can be repeated. Wha

> Find the probability of tossing a tail and spinning a number less than 6.

> Use the frequency distribution in Example 7 to find the probability of randomly selecting a user who is not 18 to 22 years old. From Example 7: Ages Frequency, / 18 to 22 156 23 to 35 312 36 to 49 254 50 to 64 195 65 and over 58 Ef = 975

> A jury consists of five men and seven women. Three jury members are selected at random for an interview. Find the probability that all three are men.

> Find the probability of being dealt 5 diamonds from a standard deck of playing cards that also includes two jokers. In this case, the joker is considered to be a wild card that can be used to represent any card in the deck.

> A student advisory board consists of 20 members. Two members will be chosen to serve as the board’s chair and secretary. Each member is equally likely to serve in either of the positions. What is the probability of randomly selecting the two members who

> The manager of an accounting department wants to form a three-person advisory committee from the 20 employees in the department. In how many ways can the manager form this committee?

> The contractor wants to plant six oak trees, nine maple trees, and five poplar trees along the subdivision street. The trees are to be spaced evenly. In how many distinguishable ways can they be planted?

> The board of directors of a company has 12 members. One member is the president, another is the vice president, another is the secretary, and another is the treasurer. How many ways can these positions be assigned?

> Organize the data using the indicated type of graph. Describe any patterns. Use a dot plot to display the data, which represent the life spans (in days) of 30 houseflies. 9 9 4 11 10 5 13 9 7 11 6 8 14 10 6 8 6 13 10 14 14 10 10 7 14 11 7 8 13 10

> The Big 12 is a collegiate athletic conference with 10 schools: Baylor, Iowa State, Kansas, Kansas State, Oklahoma, Oklahoma State, TCU, Texas, Texas Tech, and West Virginia. How many different final standings are possible for the Big 12’s football teams

> Can any of the events in Exercises 49–52 be considered unusual? Explain.

> Use the bar graph at the left, which shows the highest level of education received by employees of a company. Find the probability that the highest level of education for an employee chosen at random is a high school diploma. Level of Education 34 2