What type of inventory are we trying to minimize as the result of work-center scheduling?
> Risks caused by natural or manmade disasters, and therefore impossible to reliably predict, called?
> What is defined as the likelihood of disruption that would impact the ability of a company to continuously supply products or services?
> Must you use a computer to get good information from a simulation? Explain.
> In implementing supply chain strategy, a firm must minimize its total cost without compromising the needs of what group of people?
> University Drug Pharmaceuticals orders its antibiotics every two weeks (14 days) when a salesperson visits from one of the pharmaceutical companies. Tetracycline is one of its most prescribed antibiotics, with an average daily demand of 2,000 capsules. T
> What is the diagram that shows how a company’s strategy is delivered by a set of supporting activities?
> What are the two characteristics of a product or service that define quality?
> How do facility location decisions differ for service facilities and manufacturing plants?
> In hospitals, dashboards are often used to display performance measures on a routine basis. What type of dashboard tracks metrics such as mortality rate, quality improvement, and readmission rates?
> Ray’s Satellite Emporium wishes to determine the best order size for its best-selling satellite dish (Model TS111). Ray has estimated the annual demand for this model at 1,000 units. His cost to carry one unit is $100 per year per unit, and he has estima
> Explain how a non-bottleneck can become a bottleneck.
> Most manufacturing firms try to balance capacity for their production sequences. Some believe that this is an invalid strategy. Explain why balancing capacity does not work.
> The following list of jobs in a critical department includes estimates of their required times. a. Use the shortest operation time rule to schedule these jobs. What is the schedule? What is the mean flow time? b. The boss does not like the schedule in p
> Christine has three cars that must be overhauled by her ace mechanic, Megan. Given the following data about the cars, use the least slack per remaining operation to determine Megan’s scheduling priority for each car. Customer Pick
> A local restaurant is concerned about their ability to provide quality service as they continue to grow and attract more customers. They have collected data from Friday and Saturday nights, their busiest time of the week. During these time periods abou
> The MediQuick lab has three lab technicians available to process blood samples and three jobs that need to be assigned. Each technician can do only one job. The following table represents the lab’s estimate (in dollars) of what it will
> The following table gives the operation times and due dates for five jobs that are to be processed on a machine. Assign the jobs according to the shortest operation time and calculate the mean flow time. Processing Due Date Job Time (Days Hence) 10
> The following wait staff members are needed at a restaurant. Use the first-hour principle to generate a personnel schedule. Assume a four-hour shift. Period 11 А.М. Noon 1 P.м. 2 P.м. 3 Р.М. 4 Р.М. 5 Р.М. 6 Р.М. 7 Р.М. 8 Р.М. 9 Р.М. Requirements 4 8
> Are service operations with a high degree of customer contact more or less difficult to control than those with a low degree of customer contact?
> A hotel has to schedule its receptionists according to hourly loads. Management has identified the number of receptionists needed to meet the hourly requirement, which changes from day to day. Assume each receptionist works a four-hour shift. Given the f
> Lakeside Bakery bakes fresh pies every morning. The daily demand for its apple pies is a random variable with (discrete) distribution, based on past experience, given by Each apple pie costs the bakery $6.75 to make and is sold for $17.99. Unsold apple
> The periodic inspection and repair of equipment designed to keep the equipment reliable, thus eliminating unplanned downtime due to malfunctions is called _______________________.
> The following matrix contains the costs (in dollars) associated with assigning Jobs A, B, C, D, and E to Machines 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. Assign jobs to machines to minimize costs. Machines Jobs 1 2 3 4 5 A 6 11 12 3 10 B 5. 12 10 9 C 7 14 13 8 12 D. 4 1
> Joe has achieved a position of some power in the institution in which he currently resides and works. In fact, things have gone so well that he has decided to divide the day-to-day operations of his business activities among four trusted subordinates: Bi
> In a workcenter, six machinists were uniquely qualified to operate any one of the five machines in the shop. The workcenter had considerable backlog, and all five machines were kept busy at all times. The one machinist not operating a machine was usually
> The following matrix shows the costs in thousands of dollars for assigning Individuals A, B, C, and D to Jobs 1, 2, 3, and 4. Solve the problem showing your final assignments in order to minimize cost. Assume that each job will be assigned to one individ
> Schedule the following six jobs through two machines in sequence to minimize the flow time using Johnson’s rule. Operations Time Job Machine 1 Machine 2 5 2 16 15 1 9 13 11 E 17 18 N LO AB
> Joe is the production scheduler in a brand-new custom refinishing auto service shop located near the border. This system is capable of handling 10 cars per day. The sequence is customizing first, followed by repainting. In what sequence should Joe sche
> Hoosier Manufacturing operates a production shop that is designed to have the lowest unit production cost at an output rate of 100 units per hour. In the month of July, the company operated the production line for a total of 175 hours and produced 16,90
> Jobs A, B, C, D, and E must go through Processes I and II in that sequence (Process I first, then Process II). Use Johnson’s rule to determine the optimal sequence in which to schedule the jobs to minimize the total required time.
> Seven jobs must be processed in two operations: A and B. All seven jobs must go through A and B in that sequence—A first, then B. Determine the optimal order (shortest flow time to complete all the jobs) in which the jobs should be sequ
> Discuss the nature of the costs that affect inventory size. a. How does shrinkage (stolen stock) contribute to the cost of carrying inventory? How can this cost be reduced? b. How does obsolescence contribute to the cost of carrying inventory? How can
> What is the term used for the bundle of goods and services that are provided in some environment by every service operation?
> What term refers to a schedule that pulls material into final assembly at a constant rate?
> Bill Edstrom, managing partner at a biomedical consulting firm, has requested your expert advice in devising the best schedule for the following consulting projects, starting on February 2. The consulting firm charges a flat rate of $4,000 per day. All
> The following table contains information regarding jobs that are to be scheduled through one machine. a. What is the first-come, first-served (FCFS) schedule? b. What is the shortest operating time (SOT) schedule? c. What is the slack time remaining (S
> A manufacturing facility has five jobs to be scheduled into production. The following table gives the processing times plus the necessary wait times and other necessary delays for each of the jobs. Assume that today is April 3, that the facility will wor
> What do we generally call an area in a business where productive resources are organized and work is completed?
> What is the term used for an information system that links, schedules, dispatches, tracks, monitors, and controls customer encounters with a service organization?
> Which simple scheduling concept can be applied to help schedule workers for service operation with changing staffing requirements throughout the day?
> What feature of manufacturing planning and control systems operates under the premise that planned work input to a work center should never exceed the planned work output?
> What shop-floor control document tells the supervisor which jobs are to be run, in what order, how long each will take?
> Distinguish between in-process inventory, safety stock inventory, and seasonal inventory.
> A company has a factory that is designed so that it is most efficient (average unit cost is minimized) when producing 15,000 units of output each month. However, it has an absolute maximum output capability of 17,250 units per month, and can produce as
> Which graphical tool commonly used in project management is also very useful in shop-floor control?
> What lean concept relates to eliminating non-value-added steps and waste in product storage processes?
> A psychological therapist treats patients according to their individual needs. Patients are all treated in the same office on a scheduled basis. Each patient’s treatment is customized for the individual according to the therapist’s professional trainin
> What is another common term for shop-floor control?
> A key part of work-center scheduling is job sequencing – deciding in what order jobs are scheduled to start/complete. What is the term for the simple rules used to aid this process using a single bit of data about the jobs?
> If you have five exams to study for, how many alternative schedules exist?
> What priority rule do you use in scheduling your study time for midterm examinations?
> What practical considerations are deterrents to using the SOT rule?
> Meritor is so pleased with the outcome from previous suggestions that the consultants are invited back for more work. The consultants now suggest a more complete robotic automation of the making of muffler assemblies and also a reduction in container siz
> How might planning for a special customer affect the personnel schedule in a service?
> Explain why scheduling personnel in a service operation can be challenging.
> Data integrity is a big deal in industry. Why?
> The following represents a project that should be scheduled using CPM: a. Draw the network. b. What is the critical path? c. What is the expected project completion time? d. What is the probability of completing this project within 16 days? TIMES (
> Suppose that operators have enough training to operate both the bronze machines and the injection molding machine for the plastic sprinklers. Currently, AlwaysRain has 10 such employees. In anticipation of the ad campaign described in problem 5, manageme
> Flowcharts are a common process design and analysis tool used in both manufacturing and services. What is a key feature on flowcharts used in service operations that differentiates between the front-office and back-office aspects of the system?
> How would a flowchart help in planning the servicescape layout? What sorts of features would act as focal points or otherwise draw customers along certain paths through the service? In a supermarket, what departments should be located first along the c
> Why is it desired to have smooth, continuous flow on the shop floor?
> The chapter discusses the use of Gantt charts in shop floor control. You were introduced to Gantt charts in Chapter 4, “Project Management.” Projects and workcenter processes are rather different in nature. Why is it that the same tool can be used in bot
> Under what conditions is the assignment method appropriate?
> Distinguish between dependent and independent demand in a McDonald’s, in an integrated manufacturer of personal copiers, and in a pharmaceutical supply house.
> Why is managing bottlenecks so important in workcenter scheduling?
> What job characteristics would lead you to schedule jobs according to “longest processing time first”?
> Why does batching cause so much trouble in workcenters?
> The SOT rule provides an optimal solution in a number of evaluation criteria. Should the manager of a bank use the SOT rule as a priority rule? Why?
> List at least four of the seven prominent types of waste that should be eliminated from the supply chain.
> Distinguish between a work center, a GT cell, and an assembly line.
> What are the objectives of work-center scheduling?
> Good doctor–patient relations begin with both parties being punctual for appointments. I am Dr. Schafer, and being punctual is particularly important in my specialty: pediatrics. Mothers whose children have only minor problems don’t like them to sit in
> An important difference between service and manufacturing operations is that customers induce far more variability into the operation in a service system. Name at least three of the basic types of variation that customers bring to a service system.
> In anticipation of the ad campaign, AlwaysRain bought an additional bronze machine. Will this be enough to ensure that adequate capacity is available?
> What are some capacity balance problems faced by the following organizations or facilities? a. An airline terminal b. A university computing lab c. A clothing manufacturer
> Assume that product Z is made of two units of A and four units of B. A is made of three units of C and four of D. D is made of two units of E. Lead times for the purchase or fabrication of each unit to final assembly are: Z takes two weeks; A, B, C, and
> In the following MRP planning schedule for item J, indicate the correct net requirements, planned-order receipts, and planned-order releases to meet the gross requirements. Lead time is one week. Week Number Item J 2 3 4 Gross requirements 75 50 70
> Semans is a manufacturer that produces bracket assemblies. Demand for bracket assemblies (X) is 130 units. The following is the BOM in indented form: The following is a table indicating current inventory levels: a. Using Excel, create the MRP using t
> Match the industry type to the expected benefits from an MRP system as High, Medium, or Low. Industry Type Expected Benefit (High, Medium, or Low) Assemble-to-stock Assemble-to-order Make-to-stock Make-to-order Engineer-to-order Proce
> Product A consists of two units of subassembly B, three units of C, and one unit of D. B is composed of four units of E and three units of F. C is made of two units of H and three units of D. H is made of five units of E and two units of G. a. Construct
> What term refers to the optimization of value-adding activities and elimination of non-value adding activities that are part of a value stream?
> The MRP gross requirements for item X are shown here for the next 10 weeks. Lead time for A is two weeks, and setup cost is $9. There is a carrying cost of $0.02 per unit per week. Beginning inventory is 70 units. Use the least total cost or the least
> The MRP gross requirements for item A are shown here for the next 10 weeks. Lead time for A is three weeks and setup cost is $10. There is a carrying cost of $0.01 per unit per week. Beginning inventory is 90 units. Use the least total cost or the leas
> Audio Products, Inc., produces two AM/FM/CD players for cars. The radio/CD units are identical, but the mounting hardware and finish trim differ. The standard model fits intermediate and full-sized cars, and the sports model fits small sports cars.
> Product A is an end item and is made from two units of B and four of C. B is made of three units of D and two of E. C is made of two units of F and two of E. A has a lead time of one week. B, C, and E have lead times of two weeks, and D and F have lead t
> How have price and variety competition changed McDonald’s basic formula for success?
> As the degree of customer contact increases in a service system, what worker skills would be more important, clerical skills or diagnostic skills?
> Each unit of A is composed of one unit of B, two units of C, and one unit of D. C is composed of two units of D and three units of E. Items A, C, D, and E have on-hand inventories of 20, 10, 20, and 10 units, respectively. Item B has a scheduled rece
> Suppose that AlwaysRain Irrigation’s marketing department will undertake an intense ad campaign for the bronze sprinklers, which are more expensive but also more durable than the plastic ones. Forecast demand for the next four years is
> One unit of A is composed of two units of B and three units of C. Each B is composed of one unit of F. C is made of one unit of D, one unit of E, and two units of F. Items A, B, C, and D have 20, 50, 60, and 25 units of on-hand inventory, respectivel
> One unit of A is made of two units of B and one unit of C. B is made of three units of D and one unit of F. C is composed of three units of B, one unit of D, and four units of E. D is made of one unit of E. Item C has a lead time of one week; items A, B,
> One unit of A is made of one unit of B and one unit of C. B is made of four units of C and one unit each of E and F. C is made of two units of D and one unit of E. E is made of three units of F. Item C has a lead time of one week; items A, B, E, and F ha
> What phrase refers to the idea that every step in supply chain processes that deliver goods and services to the customer should create value?
> What is value stream mapping?
> One unit of A is made of two units of B, three units of C, and two units of D. B is composed of one unit of E and two units of F. C is made of two units of F and one unit of D. E is made of two units of D. Items A, C, D, and F have one-week lead times; B
> One unit of A is made of three units of B, one unit of C, and two units of D. B is composed of two units of E and one unit of D. C is made of one unit of B and two units of E. E is made of one unit of F. Items B, C, E, and F have one-week lead times; A a
> Consider a department store. Which departments probably should not be located near each other? Would any departments benefit from close proximity?
> Big10Sweaters.com is a new company started last year by two recent college graduates. The idea behind the company was simple. It will sell premium logo sweaters for Big Ten colleges with one major, unique feature. This unique feature is a special large m
> What category of planning covers a period from a day to six months, with daily or weekly time increments?
> Major operations and supply planning activities can be grouped into categories based on the relevant time range of the activity. What time range category does sales and operations planning fit into?
